Tricyclic antidepressants induce liver inflammation by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Background: Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) is common in hepatology practices and, in some cases, lethal. Increasing evidence show that tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) can induce IDILI in clinical applications but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood.

Methods: We assessed the specificity of several TCAs for NLRP3 inflammasome via MCC950 (a selective NLRP3 inhibitor) pretreatment and Nlrp3 knockout (Nlrp3) BMDMs.

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy May Damage Renal Function and Cause Serum Electrolyte Disturbance: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on bone marrow hematopoiesis, liver and kidney function, and serum electrolytes for patients who underwent open radical gastrectomy, and investigate the variation tendency of above indicators.

Materials And Methods: The clinical data of 153 patients who underwent open radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed and were divided into HIPEC group (n=83) and control group (n=70). Repeated analysis of variance was used to analyze the variation tendency of bone marrow hematopoiesis, liver and kidney function, and serum electrolytes in the HIPEC and control group, respectively, and then made a comparison between the 2 groups.

Preoperative Anemia and Risk of In-hospital Postoperative Complications in Patients with Hip Fracture.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of preoperative anemia on postoperative complications after hip fracture surgery.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including hip fracture patients at a teaching hospital between 2005 and 2022. We defined preoperative anemia as the last hemoglobin measurement level before surgery < 130 g/L for men and < 120 g/L for women.

Licorice extract inhibits the cGAS-STING pathway and protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Inflammation and fibrosis are typical symptoms of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway has been implicated in the progression of NASH, and targeting this pathway may represent a new therapeutic strategy. Licorice is a widely used herb with anti-inflammatory and liver-protective properties.

Minimally invasive versus open pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Objective: Assessment of minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is scarce and limited to non-randomized studies. This study aimed to compare oncological and surgical outcomes after MIPD compared to open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) for patients after resectable PDAC from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify RCTs comparing MIPD and OPD including PDAC (Jan 2015-July 2021).

Association of Tooth Loss and Diet Quality with Acceleration of Aging: Evidence from NHANES.

Background: Although tooth loss is widely recognized as a typical sign of aging, whether it is associated with accelerated aging, and to what extent diet quality mediates this association are unknown.

Methods: Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The missing tooth counts were recorded as the number of edentulous sites.

Stress load and volunteer motivation of patient volunteers in Fangcang shelter hospitals in Shanghai, China during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the volunteer motivation and stress load of patient volunteers in the Fangcang shelter hospitals (FSHs), examine their associations, and explore the potential influence factors of volunteer motivation.

Design: Cross-sectional online survey conducted from 21 April to 20 May 2022.

Setting: Questionnaires were collected from patient volunteers selected by random cluster sampling in the FSHs in Shanghai, China.

[Limbal stem cell-sparing lamellar keratoplasty for advanced keratoglobus in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta: a case report].

This 15-year-old male patient has been diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta through genetic testing after birth and has poor vision. His full corneas in both eyes are unevenly thinned and bulging in a spherical shape, with the right eye being more severe. He underwent a limbal stem cell-sparing lamellar keratoplasty in the right eye, resulting in improved vision with a corrected visual acuity of 0.

Sleeve Lobectomy After Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy Versus Chemotherapy for Squamous Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Introduction: To analyze the feasibility and efficacy of sleeve lobectomy after neoadjuvant immunotherapy in multicenter patients with squamous cell lung cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy (n = 14) or chemotherapy alone (n = 33) at five thoracic surgery centers between 2018 and 2020. The primary end point was 30-day major complications.

Schisandrin C enhances cGAS-STING pathway activation and inhibits HBV replication.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Schisandra Chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. is a long-term used traditional Chinese medicine with the functions of tonifying the kidney and calming the heart, tonifying qi and engendering fluid.

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a study across 10 years.

Background And Objectives: Available data regarding cardiomyopathy in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) are very limited because it often requires multidisciplinary assessments. The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of alcoholic cardiomyopathy in ALC and their clinical correlations.

Methods: Adult ALC patients without a previous diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases between January 2010 and December 2019 were included in the study.

Flavonoids derived from licorice suppress LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.

In recent years, we have found that the dysregulation of the cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)‒stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway leads to the development of immune and inflammatory diseases, therefore, finding compounds that can specifically regulate this pathway is essential for effective regulation of the immune pathway for addressing inflammatory diseases. Licorice flavonoids (LFs), are active ingredients extracted from the Chinese herb licorice, which has been reported to have strong anti-inflammatory activity in previous studies. Here, we report that LFs inhibit the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway evidenced by the inhibition of the expression of type I interferons and related downstream genes such as interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), as well as inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).

[Research progress on the characteristics of immune tolerant phase and antiviral therapy in children with chronic hepatitis B].

Whether or not children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the immune-tolerant phase need to be treated is one of the hot clinical issues that have not yet been clarified. Thus, in order to make clinical antiviral treatment decisions in children with an immune tolerant phase, a comprehensive understanding of the natural history of HBV infection, as well as its relationship with disease progression and whether prompt treatment can alter the natural history and prognosis, is very important. To that end, this article reviews the research progress of clinical antiviral therapy in the immune-tolerant phase for children with chronic hepatitis B over the last decade, while also discussing the treatment's safety, effectiveness, and related immunological mechanisms, so as to clarify the next key step in research orientation, provide direct evidence-based medical evidence for hepatologists to better diagnose and treat, and ultimately improve the clinical cure rate.

Efficacy and Safety of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Alone or Combination with Programmed Death-1 Inhibitors in Treating of Hepatitis C-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) combined with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor is a potential treatment modality for patients with HCV-related unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC).

Methods: The participants of the present work included the patients having HCV-related uHCC who were treated with TKI monotherapy (TKI group) or TKI combined with PD-1 inhibitors therapy (combination group) in our center between June 2018 and June 2021. In addition, the patients were classified into RNA-positive and RNA-negative groups based on whether or not the baseline HCV RNA was detectable.

Incidence and risk factors of hypertriglyceridemia in males with human immunodeficiency virus who are treated with combination antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation even when low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are normal. However, few cohort studies on hypertriglyceridemia have been conducted in males with higher susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related deterioration of arterial structure and function. Our objective was to investigate the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia during treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in males with HIV and explore its related risk factors.

Identifying the early predictors of non-response to steroids in patients with flare of autoimmune hepatitis causing acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Background And Aims: Early identification of non-response to steroids is critical in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) causing acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). We assessed if this non-response can be accurately identified within first few days of treatment.

Methods: Patients with AIH-ACLF without baseline infection/hepatic encephalopathy were identified from APASL ACLF research consortium (AARC) database.

Serum cytokine change profile associated with HBsAg loss during combination therapy with PEG-IFN-α in NAs-suppressed chronic hepatitis B patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the profile of cytokine changes during the combination therapy with pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN-α) and its relationship with HBsAg loss in nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs)-suppressed chronic hepatitis B patients.

Methods: Seventy-six patients with chronic hepatitis B with HBsAg less than 1,500 IU/ml and HBV DNA negative after receiving ≥ 1-year NAs therapy were enrolled. Eighteen patients continued to take NAs monotherapy (the NAs group), and 58 patients received combination therapy with NAs and PEG-IFN-α (the Add-on group).

Real-world efficacy and prognostic factors of lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitors in 378 unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Introduction: Combining lenvatinib with a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor has been explored for the treatment of un-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). This study aimed to investigate the real-world efficacy of and prognostic factors for survival associated with lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor treatment in a large cohort of Asian uHCC patients even the global LEAP-002 study failed to achieve the primary endpoints.

Methods: Patients with uHCC treated with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors were included.

[Exploration of family rehabilitation model for children with scar contracture after hand burns].

To explore the family rehabilitation model for children with scar contracture after hand burns and observe its efficacy. A retrospective non-randomized controlled study was conducted. From March 2020 to March 2021, 30 children with scar contracture after deep partial-thickness to full-thickness burns of hands, who met the inclusion criteria, were hospitalized in the Burn Center of PLA of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University.

Risk Factors for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Sorafenib or Lenvatinib Treatment: A Real-World Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy (HE) among unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) patients with liver cirrhosis who received sorafenib or lenvatinib treatment.

Patients And Methods: uHCC patients with cirrhosis who received first-line sorafenib or lenvatinib treatment between September 2014 and February 2021 were continually reviewed in our single-center retrospective study. The Hepatic Encephalopathy Scoring Algorithm was used to evaluate the occurrence and grade of HE during treatment, and logistic regression models were used to further explore the risk factors for HE.

Comparison of hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who received tyrosine kinase inhibitor alone or together with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors.

Background And Aims: Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) have dramatically improved survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation from these antitumor medications remains unclear.

Methods: Patients receiving TKI monotherapy (TKI group) or TKI combined with PD-1 inhibitors (combination group) were included.

TKI or TKI combined with PD-1 inhibitors as second-line treatment for HCC patients after sorafenib failure.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in combination with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors become the potential treatment modality for patients undergoing unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) in the first-line setting. However, the efficacy and safety of this combination regimen in patients after sorafenib failure remains unclear. Participants in this study included patients with uHCC after sorafenib failure who received TKI monotherapy (TKI group) or TKI combined with PD-1 inhibitors therapy (combination group) in our center from July 2018 to July 2021.

Immunogenicity of inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in patients with chronic hepatitis B undergoing antiviral therapy.

Objectives: To investigate the effect and its mechanisms of different antiviral agents on the immunogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: A total of 125 patients with CHB receiving nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) monotherapy or combined with Peg-interferon-alpha (Peg-IFNα) therapy and 29 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Adverse reactions (ADRs) and levels of neutralizing antibody (NAb), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and peripheral cytokines post-vaccination were analyzed.