Comparing Patient Demographics and Tumor Characteristics of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients with Cancer in South Carolina.

We compared the demographic and disease characteristics of HIV-positive (HIV+) and HIV-negative (HIV-) individuals with a diagnosis of cancer in South Carolina. HIV-positive patients with cancer were reflective of the HIV+ caseload in South Carolina, with HIV+ patients with cancer more likely to be male (odds ratio [OR]: 2.78: 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.

The Quality of Life of Children Under Chiropractic Care Using PROMIS-25: Results from a Practice-Based Research Network.

Objectives: To characterize pediatric chiropractic and assess pediatric quality of life (QoL).

Design: A prospective cohort. Setting/Locations: Individual offices within a practice-based research network located throughout the United States.

Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis: Is it a reality in Nigeria by 2020?

Background: Congenital syphilis is a global health problem, yet it has received little attention in recent years. Despite cost-effective syphilis screening and treatment, it continues to contribute hugely to perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Aims: To determine the prevalence and treatment coverage trend for syphilis among pregnant women in the national prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme in Nigeria and to evaluate progress towards the elimination of congenital syphilis in the country.

Trial-Based Functional Analysis Informs Treatment for Vocal Scripting.

Research on trial-based functional analysis has primarily focused on socially maintained challenging behaviors. However, procedural modifications may be necessary to clarify ambiguous assessment results. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the utility of iterative modifications to trial-based functional analysis on the identification of putative reinforcement and subsequent treatment for vocal scripting.

HIV testing among male partners of pregnant women in Nigeria: a missing link in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

In this study, we assessed male partner testing and the serodiscordance rate among pregnant women and their partners in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme in Nigeria. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the consolidated national health sector PMTCT data over a five-year period (2012-2016). Over the period, a total of 11,833,062 pregnant women were tested for HIV with a positivity rate of 2.

Does Pacifier Use in Infancy Decrease the Risk of Obesity?

Background: Nonnutritive sucking using a finger or pacifier is a natural reflex for infants. We hypothesized that infants may overfeed if the bottle or breast is constantly offered. Our goal was to determine whether pacifier use in early infancy is associated with lower incidence of obesity at later age.

"It's a Dog's Life": Culture, Empathy, Gender, and Domestic Violence Predict Animal Abuse in Adolescents-Implications for Societal Health.

Whereas the majority of previous research conducted on animal abuse has been in environments where animal abuse is rarely evidenced, the current study investigated the ramifications of animal abuse in an environment wherein the national culture creates an ethos of the "social acceptability" of animal abuse in society. Two survey studies were conducted with adolescent participants, to investigate the role played by several factors in the prediction of animal abuse in this age group. In Study 1, with samples from two different national cultures (101 from Germany and 169 from Romania; 143 boys/135 girls; age 13 to 17), animal abuse was negatively associated with affective empathy and national culture; more frequent animal abuse was found in Romania.

Measuring the Impact of Electronic Health Record Adoption on Charge Capture.

We examine the impact of electronic health record (EHR) adoption on charge capture-the ability of providers to properly ensure that billable services are accurately recorded and reported for payment. Drawing on billing and practice management data from a large, integrated pediatric primary care network that was previously a paper-based organization, monthly encounter, charge, and collection data were collected from 2008 through 2013. Two-level fixed effects models were built to test the impact of EHR adoption on charge capture.

Who Is the Rotten Apple? Mock Jurors' Views of Teacher-Student Sexual Contact.

The present study investigated mock jurors' ( N = 541) perceptions of a hypothetical case of teacher-student sexual contact. Mock jurors read a brief vignette describing an alleged sexual encounter where the gender and age of both the teacher and student were manipulated. Participants rendered legal decisions (i.

Fluoroquinolone-associated tendon-rupture: a summary of reports in the Food and Drug Administration's adverse event reporting system.

Objective: To review and summarize reports of tendon rupture associated with each fluoroquinolone (FQ) currently marketed in the United States (US), as reported to the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: FAERS data were reviewed for reports of tendon rupture associated with each FQ from their respective approval date through September 2012. Disproportional reporting signal detection was estimated using empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

The Role of Body Image in the Link Between ADHD and Depression Symptoms Among College Students.

Objective: Given the link between negative body image and depression symptoms, body image may affect the association between ADHD and depression symptoms. We evaluated the degree to which a variety of body image constructs mediated the association between ADHD and depression symptoms.

Method: Participants were undergraduate psychology students ( N = 627, age: M = 20.

Attributions and Perception of Methylphenidate Effects in Adolescents With ADHD.

Objective: Although a number of studies demonstrate that children with ADHD do not attribute their behavior to taking medication, it remains unstudied whether adolescents, who have a longer history of taking medication for ADHD, show performance attributions to medication.

Method: A sample of 46 adolescents completed daily attributions for success or failure as a part of their participation in a summer treatment program with a double-blind, placebo-controlled assessment of methylphenidate.

Results: Results demonstrated that adolescents with ADHD did not reliably discern active medication from placebo, rarely attributed their performance to the pill, and showed no differences in attributional style as a function of medication status.

Acute Effects of MPH on the Parent-Teen Interactions of Adolescents With ADHD.

This study explored the nature of interactions between adolescent males with ADHD and their mothers, and the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on an analogue parent-teen interaction task. Twenty-five adolescent males with ADHD ( M = 13.6 years) and their mothers and 14 non-ADHD adolescent males ( M = 13.