Identifying Crucial Equipment and Skills Needed to Evacuate Critically Ill Infants During Disasters: Using Nursing Expertise to Guide Training Targets.

Introduction: Unexpected disasters, such as earthquakes or fires, require preparation to address knowledge gaps that may negatively affect vulnerable patients. Training programs can promote natural disaster readiness to respond and evacuate patients safely, but also require evidence-based information to guide learning objectives.

Problem: There is limited evidence on what skills and bedside equipment are most important to include in disaster training and evacuation programs for critically ill infants.

Oral treprostinil in transition or as add-on therapy in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Treprostinil, a prostacyclin analogue, is approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in adults. Transition from parenteral to oral treprostinil has been successfully accomplished in adults with PAH but not in children. In this multicenter study, pediatric patients treated with parenteral (Cohort 1) or inhaled (Cohort 2) treprostinil were transitioned to oral treprostinil.

Does Patient-centered Care Change Genital Surgery Decisions? The Strategic Use of Clinical Uncertainty in Disorders of Sex Development Clinics.

Genital surgery in children with ambiguous or atypical genitalia has been marred by controversies about the appropriateness and timing of surgery, generating clinical uncertainty about decision making. Since 2006, medical experts and patient advocates have argued for putting the child's needs central as patient-centered care. Based on audio recordings of 31 parent-clinician interactions in three clinics of disorders of sex development, we analyze how parents and clinicians decide on genital surgery.

Perioperative and Anesthetic Considerations in Truncus Arteriosus.

Truncus arteriosus is a congenital cardiac lesion in which failure of embryonic truncal septation results in a single semilunar valve and single arterial trunk providing both pulmonary and systemic circulations. Most patients with this lesion are symptomatic in the neonatal period with cyanosis and/or congestive heart failure and undergo complete repair in the first weeks of life. This review will focus on the anatomy, physiology, and perioperative anesthetic management of patients with truncus arteriosus.

Perioperative and Anesthetic Considerations in Interrupted Aortic Arch.

Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) is defined as the loss of luminal continuity between the ascending and descending aorta and is classified based on the anatomic level of interruption. IAA is associated with a number of intracardiac anomalies with the most common being patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, and left ventricular outflow obstruction. There is also a strong association between type B interruption and 22q11 deletion syndrome.

A Systematic Review of Tools to Measure Respiratory Rate in Order to Identify Childhood Pneumonia.

Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children worldwide, with most deaths occurring in developing countries. Measuring respiratory rate is critical to the World Health Organization's guidelines for diagnosing childhood pneumonia in low-resource settings, yet it is difficult to accurately measure. We conducted a systematic review to landscape existing respiratory rate measurement technologies.

Speech and Surgical Outcomes in Children With Veau Types III and IV Cleft Palate: A Comparison of Internationally Adopted and Nonadopted Children.

Objective: This study compares speech and surgical outcomes in internationally adopted and nonadopted patients undergoing cleft palate repair, and examines the influence of age at initial palatoplasty.

Design: Retrospective cohort study setting: Tertiary Care Children's Hospital.

Patients: 70 international adoptees and 211 nonadoptees with Veau type III and IV clefts (without associated syndrome) repaired at our institution.

NICH at Its Best for Diabetes at Its Worst: Texting Teens and Their Caregivers for Better Outcomes.

Background: There is growing evidence for the feasibility of text-based interventions for pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, less is known regarding whether the use of personalized text messages with high-risk youth and their caregivers is associated with improvements in youth health. This study examines the use of diabetes-specific texts and associated health outcomes for participants of the Novel Interventions in Children's Healthcare (NICH) program.

Implementation of the National Acupuncture Detoxification Association Protocol in a Community Mental Health Setting.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients' satisfaction with National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) acupuncture services in two community mental health settings.

Design: Cross-sectional, mixed-methods study. Participants who had participated in acupuncture services were given a survey that contained both quantitative and qualitative items.

The Role of Language Use in Reports of Musculoskeletal Pain Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Adolescents.

Objective: This study examined the role of English language use in the reported frequency of musculoskeletal pain among Hispanic and non-Hispanic White youth.

Method: This is a secondary data analysis using a cross-sectional sample of 12,189 Hispanic and non-Hispanic White adolescents recruited for the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Respondents were classified into three groups: (a) English-speaking non-Hispanic Whites, (b) English-speaking Hispanics, and (c) Spanish-speaking Hispanics.

Regional Volumetric Differences Based on Structural MRI in Children With Two Subtypes of ADHD and Controls.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare groups of children with two subtypes of ADHD and controls on selected regions using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. Children with ADHD were expected to have smaller volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and caudate. Parent behavioral rating measures of hyperactivity were predicted to relate to the volume of the caudate and attention with the ACC.

Single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays and unexpected consanguinity: considerations for clinicians when returning results to families.

Purpose: The broad use of single-nucleotide polymorphism microarrays has increased identification of unexpected consanguinity. Therefore, guidelines to address reporting of consanguinity have been published for clinical laboratories. Because no such guidelines for clinicians exist, we describe a case and present recommendations for clinicians to disclose unexpected consanguinity to families.