Factors associated with common mental disorders among breastfeeding mothers in tertiary hospital nurseries in Nigeria.

Background: Several studies have shown that the impact of maternal mental health disorders on newborns' well-being in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) are underreported, multi-dimensional and varies over time and differs from what is reported in high-income countries. We present the prevalence and risk factors associated with common mental disorders (CMDs) among breastfeeding mothers whose infants were admitted to Nigerian tertiary care facilities.

Methods: This was a national cross-sectional study involving mothers of hospitalised babies from eleven Nigerian tertiary hospitals.

Care seeking for under-five children and vaccine perceptions during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Lagos State, Nigeria: a qualitative exploratory study.

Objective: To explore healthcare seeking practices for children and the context-specific direct and indirect effects of public health interventions during the first two waves of COVID-19 in Lagos State, Nigeria. We also explored decision-making around vaccine acceptance at the start of COVID-19 vaccine roll-out in Nigeria.

Design, Setting And Participants: A qualitative explorative study involving 19 semistructured interviews with healthcare providers from public and private primary health facilities and 32 interviews with caregivers of under-five children in Lagos from December 2020 to March 2021.

Hepatocellular carcinoma presentation and prognosis among Nigerian adults with and without HIV.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing cause of mortality in Nigeria among persons with HIV (PLH), as access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves. In this study we describe clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics in Nigerian adults with HCC, with and without HIV, and examine how HIV impacts survival.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between August 2018 and November 2021 at two Nigerian hospitals [Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) and Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH)].

Cancer Genetic Services in a Low- to Middle-Income Country: Cross-Sectional Survey Assessing Willingness to Undergo and Pay for Germline Genetic Testing.

Purpose: Cancer genetic testing (CGT), a pathway to personalized medicine, is also being embraced in Nigeria. However, little is known about the influence of demographics and perceptions on individuals' willingness to access and pay for CGT. This study assessed patients' willingness to undergo CGT in southwest Nigeria as a catalyst for sustainable Cancer Risk Management Program.

P53 Gene Expression and Nitric Oxide Levels after Artemisinin-Caffeine Treatment in Breast, Lungs and Liver of DMBA-Induced Tumorigenesis.

Objective: With increasing incidence of cancers globally and limited resources in some affected countries, repurposing existing drugs for reducing tumorigenesis is highly important. Artemisinin and caffeine have potent anti-oxidative and anti-tumor properties but are therapies for other diseases. This study evaluated the biochemical and p53 gene modulatory effects of doses of artemisinin-caffeine combination on breast, lungs and liver tissues in rats induced with DMBA.

Screening methods for congenital anomalies in low and lower-middle income countries: A systematic review.

Introduction: Surgically correctable congenital anomalies are responsible for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality in children from low-and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Early identification through fetal and neonatal screening is critical to reducing death and disability. This study aims to identify feasible screening methods for surgically correctable congenital anomalies in LMICs.

Contraceptive use and fertility control in rural and urban communities of Lagos Nigeria.

Background: It is predicted that the population of sub-Saharan Africa will be thrice its size by the end of the 21 century. Our study compared patterns, incentives and disincentives for the uptake of contraceptives in rural and urban communities of Lagos, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study on 1445 women of reproductive ages 15-49 years using a cluster sampling technique and a pre-tested, interviewer-administered electronic questionnaire in 2020.

Cohort event monitoring for safety signal detection in adult individuals 18 years and above after immunisation with coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in Nigeria.

Introduction: In Nigeria, immunisation with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines commenced in March 2021. COVISHIELD from AstraZeneca (AZ), a viral vector vaccine, was the brand administered in the first phase of vaccinations for pre-determined eligible adults 18 years and above. As more brands of COVID-19 vaccines have been introduced in Nigeria, identifying effective and safe vaccine brands is essential to pharmacovigilance and public health.

Willingness and motivations towards volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey among final year medical students in Lagos, Nigeria.

Introduction: Increasing manpower capacity to meet the demands in the healthcare system is important during health emergencies. Medical students have roles to play during a pandemic but their involvement in these duties should be voluntary. The objective of this study was to assess the willingness and motivations of final year medical students in Lagos, Nigeria towards volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Association of SARS-CoV-2 viral load with biochemical profile of COVID-19 patients: A nigerian experience.

Background: Kidney involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathology has been supported by high frequency of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression on renal cells and reports of acute kidney injury. However, the association between host viral load and kidney function is not clear.

Aim: In this study, plasma levels of renal markers (urea nitrogen, creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)) and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chlorine, and bicarbonate) were assessed in relation to SARS-CoV-2 viral load of COVID-19 patients.

Antimicrobial analysis of honey against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from wound, ADMET properties of its bioactive compounds and in-silico evaluation against dihydropteroate synthase.

Background: One of the main challenges of wound healing is infection with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. The spectrum of antibiotics used to treat them is declining; thus, there is a need for alternatives. Our study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of honey, its pharmacokinetics (ADMET) properties and in-silico analysis of its bioactive compounds against dihydropteroate synthase of S.

Determinants of mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during first and second waves of the pandemic: A retrospective cohort study from an isolation center in Kano, Nigeria.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study is to identify the clinical predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia during first and second waves in a treatment center in northwestern Nigeria.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 195 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between April 2020 to March 2021 at a designated COVID-19 isolation center in Kano State, Northwest Nigeria.

Prior childbirth experience and attitude towards subsequent vaginal birth after one caesarean delivery in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Prior caesarean delivery (CD) impacts CD rates in many parts of the world. In low and middle-income countries, few women attempt a trial of labour after caesarean delivery (TOLAC) due to inadequate resources for safe vaginal birth after caesarean delivery (VBAC). The CD rates continue to rise as more women undergo repeat CD.

Glimepiride Prevents 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Induced Dopamine Neurons Degeneration Through Attenuation of Glia Activation and Oxidative Stress in Mice.

It is well established that there is a link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease (PD) evidenced in faster progression and more severe phenotype in patients living with diabetes suggestive of shared cellular pathways; hence, antidiabetic drugs could be a possible treatment options for disease modification. This study evaluated the effect of glimepiride (GMP), a third generation sulphonylurea, on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD in mice. Sixty mice were divided randomly into six individual groups of 10 mice each and dose orally as follows: group 1: vehicle (10 ml/kg, p.

Awareness of antibiotic resistance: a tool for measurement among human and animal health care professionals in LMICs and UMICs.

Background: Raising awareness of antimicrobial resistance is a cornerstone of action plans to tackle this global One Health challenge. Tools that can reliably assess levels of awareness of antibiotic resistance (ABR) among human or animal healthcare professionals (HCPs) are required to guide and evaluate interventions.

Methods: We designed and tested an ABR awareness scale, a self-administered questionnaire completed by human and animal HCPs trained to prescribe and dispense antibiotics in six countries-Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, Vietnam, Thailand and Peru.

Comparative Assessment of p16/Ki-67 Dual Staining Technology for cervical cancer screening in women living with HIV (COMPASS-DUST)-Study protocol.

The risk of progression of low-grade (CIN1) to high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) is 3-5 times higher for women living with HIV (WLHIV) than for HIV-negative women. Evidence suggests that the current cervical cancer screening methods perform less effectively in WLHIV. An emerging screening method-p16/Ki-67 dual staining technology (DUST) is a safe and rapid assay that could be used to detect CIN2/3 with higher sensitivity and specificity.

Epidemiology of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases in a Nigerian peri-urban community: results of a cross-sectional survey using the COPCORD stage 1 model.

Introduction: There is relative neglect of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While hospital-based reports on RMDs abound, there is a paucity of population-based reports on these conditions which are otherwise recognized to cause functional disability and reduced quality of life in the affected individuals. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence, diagnostic types, and predictors of musculoskeletal (MSK) pain in Agbowa, a peri-urban community in Lagos, South-West Nigeria.

Lycopene abolishes palmitate-mediated myocardial inflammation in female Wistar rats via modulation of lipid metabolism, NF-κB signalling pathway, and augmenting the antioxidant systems.

Background And Aims: Obesity-related heart failure is exacerbated by excessive intake of saturated fats such as palmitate (PA). Lycopene (LYC) possesses anti-lipidemic, antioxidant, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study, therefore, evaluated the impact of LYC against PA-invoked cardiotoxicity.

Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study.

Objective: To estimate the point prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition and explore associations with household socioeconomic factors.

Design: Community-based cross-sectional study conducted in January-June 2021 among a random sample of households across all villages in the study area.

Setting: Kiyawa Local Government Area, Jigawa state, Nigeria.

A multi-country survey on access to healthcare and treatment services among individuals with critical medical care needs during the first wave of the pandemic.

Background: Healthcare services were significantly interrupted during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the present study was to determine the associations between sociodemographic factors and healthcare access during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with critical care needs.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the data of 5,156 participants recruited from 152 countries during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Roles of Community Pharmacists in Cancer Management.

Community pharmacists are among the most easily accessible healthcare practitioners and are usually the first point of contact with the public or community. This is often due to their accessibility, credibility, and widespread within the public sector making them essential members of the healthcare team with significant contributions to the delivery of public health care. Community pharmacists, in addition to their known educational and awareness-raising roles, may play an essential role in risk assessment and screening of patients, detection of symptoms of probable malignancy, and cancer treatments.

Clinical utility of Phototest via teleneuropsychology in Chilean rural older adults.

Unlabelled: The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need for neuropsychological care for older adults with memory complaints in different contexts, including rural areas or areas with difficult access.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical utility of the Phototest, through telemedicine, to identify mild cognitive impairment in rural older adults with memory complaints, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional, case-control, and clinical utility comparison of brief cognitive tests (BCTs).