Target-Templated Construction of Functional Proteomimetics Using Photo-Foldamer Libraries.

Current methods for proteomimetic engineering rely on structure-based design. Here we describe a design strategy that allows the construction of proteomimetics against challenging targets without a priori characterization of the target surface. Our approach employs (i) a 100-membered photoreactive foldamer library, the members of which act as local surface mimetics, and (ii) the subsequent affinity maturation of the primary hits using systems chemistry.

Investigation of Neuromuscular Activation in Older Female Adults during a Dynamic and Challenging Virtual Reality Activity: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The use of virtual reality (VR) in older adults promotes improvements in mobility, strength, and balance. Changes in neuromuscular activation have been found to be associated with these improvements; however, during VR activities, this aspect has not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate neuromuscular activation among older female adults during VR activities.

The High-Affinity Chymotrypsin Inhibitor Eglin C Poorly Inhibits Human Chymotrypsin-Like Protease: Gln192 and Lys218 Are Key Determinants.

Eglin C, a small protein from the medicinal leech, has been long considered a general high-affinity inhibitor of chymotrypsins and elastases. Here, we demonstrate that eglin C inhibits human chymotrypsin-like protease (CTRL) weaker by several orders of magnitude than other chymotrypsins. In order to identify the underlying structural aspects of this unique deviation, we performed comparative molecular dynamics simulations on experimental and AlphaFold model structures of bovine CTRA and human CTRL.

Identifying Transfer Learning in the Reshaping of Inductive Biases.

Transfer learning, the reuse of newly acquired knowledge under novel circumstances, is a critical hallmark of human intelligence that has frequently been pitted against the capacities of artificial learning agents. Yet, the computations relevant to transfer learning have been little investigated in humans. The benefit of efficient inductive biases (meta-level constraints that shape learning, often referred as priors in the Bayesian learning approach), has been both theoretically and experimentally established.

Selective insensitivity to income held by the richest.

The misperception of income inequality is often touted as a critical barrier to more widespread support of redistributive policies. Here, we examine to what extent and why (mis)perceptions vary systematically across the income distribution. Drawing on data from four studies ( = 2,744)-including a representative sample and preregistered incentive-compatible experiments-we offer converging evidence that people specifically underestimate the amount of income held by the top of the income distribution.

Precipitation and temperature timings underlying bioclimatic variables rearrange under climate change globally.

Modeling how climate change may affect the potential distribution of species and communities typically utilizes bioclimatic variables. Distribution predictions rely on the values of the bioclimatic variable (e.g.

We need better ways to help students avoid the harms of stress: Results of a meta-analysis on the effectiveness of school-based stress management interventions.

The level of psychological stress in children and adolescents has increased rapidly over the past decade. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of school-based intervention programs targeting stress management and coping/resilience in school-aged children. The present study used more rigorous selection criteria than previous meta-analyses by only including randomized controlled trials to increase the validity of the meta-analysis.

Magicity versus Superfluidity around ^{28}O viewed from the Study of ^{30}F.

The neutron-rich unbound fluorine isotope ^{30}F_{21} has been observed for the first time by measuring its neutron decay at the SAMURAI spectrometer (RIBF, RIKEN) in the quasifree proton knockout reaction of ^{31}Ne nuclei at 235  MeV/nucleon. The mass and thus one-neutron-separation energy of ^{30}F has been determined to be S_{n}=-472±58(stat)±33(sys)  keV from the measurement of its invariant-mass spectrum. The absence of a sharp drop in S_{n}(^{30}F) shows that the "magic" N=20 shell gap is not restored close to ^{28}O, which is in agreement with our shell-model calculations that predict a near degeneracy between the neutron d and fp orbitals, with the 1p_{3/2} and 1p_{1/2} orbitals becoming more bound than the 0f_{7/2} one.

Variational Vibrational States of Methanol (12D).

Full-dimensional (12D) vibrational states of the methanol molecule (CHOH) have been computed using the GENIUSH-Smolyak approach and the potential energy surface from Qu and Bowman (2013). All vibrational energies are converged better than 0.5 cm with respect to the basis and grid size up to the first overtone of the CO stretch, ca.

Measurement of Energy Correlators inside Jets and Determination of the Strong Coupling α_{S}(m_{Z}).

Energy correlators that describe energy-weighted distances between two or three particles in a hadronic jet are measured using an event sample of sqrt[s]=13  TeV proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3  fb^{-1}. The measured distributions are consistent with the trends in the simulation that reveal two key features of the strong interaction: confinement and asymptotic freedom.

Similarity of brain activity patterns during learning and subsequent resting state predicts memory consolidation.

Spontaneous reactivation of brain activity from learning to a subsequent off-line period has been implicated as a neural mechanism underlying memory consolidation. However, similarities in brain activity may also emerge as a result of individual, trait-like characteristics. Here, we introduced a novel approach for analyzing continuous electroencephalography (EEG) data to investigate learning-induced changes as well as trait-like characteristics in brain activity underlying memory consolidation.

Trophic evolution in ornithopod dinosaurs revealed by dental wear.

Ornithopod dinosaurs evolved numerous craniodental innovations related to herbivory. Nonetheless, the relationship between occlusion, tooth wear rate, and tooth replacement rate has been neglected. Here, we reconstruct tooth wear rates by measuring tooth replacement rates and tooth wear volumes, and document their dental microwear.

Measurement of multijet azimuthal correlations and determination of the strong coupling in proton-proton collisions at .

A measurement is presented of a ratio observable that provides a measure of the azimuthal correlations among jets with large transverse momentum . This observable is measured in multijet events over the range of - based on data collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 134 . The results are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo parton-shower event generator simulations, as well as with fixed-order perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) predictions at next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy obtained with different parton distribution functions (PDFs) and corrected for nonperturbative and electroweak effects.

Computation of biological conductance with Liouville quantum master equation.

Recent experiments have revealed that single proteins can display high conductivity, which stays finite for low temperatures, decays slowly with distance, and exhibits a rich spatial structure featuring highly conducting and strongly insulating domains. Here, we intruduce a new formula by combining the density matrix of the Liouville-Master Equation simulating quantum transport in nanoscale devices, and the phenomenological model of electronic conductance through molecules, that can account for the observed distance- and temperature dependence of conductance in proteins. We demonstrate its efficacy on experimentally highly conductive extracellular cytochrome nanowires, which are good candidates to illustrate our new approach by calculating and visualizing their electronic wiring, given the interest in the arrangement of their conducting and insulating parts.

Chitosan nanocoatings N-acylated with decanoic anhydride: Hydrophobic, hygroscopic and structural properties.

Thin (ca. 340 nm) chitosan coatings were deposited onto glass substrates via dip-coating, then modified with the methanol solution of decanoic anhydride (0.17-56 mM).

Lernaea cf. cyprinacea infection in agile frog (Rana dalmatina) tadpoles in Hungary.

The ectoparasitic copepod Lernaea cyprinacea (anchor worm) has more than 100 host species among teleost fishes and affects cyprinids both in fish farms and natural waters. In addition, while L. cyprinacea infection in amphibians has been recorded in Asia, North and South America, there is no data available in the literature on their presence in Europe.

Macroscopic transport in mixed phase space Hamiltonian systems and the role of a distinct time-scale for the power-law decay.

Motivated by the losses of runaway electrons during disruptive events in present and future tokamaks like the ITER, we investigate the transport in mixed phase space Hamiltonian systems. We are interested in the regime where the sticky regions, remaining after the disintegration of invariant transport barriers, form layers in the phase space separated by partial barriers to transport. The example we use is the standard map.