Gut microbiota profiles of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Multiple genetic factors, environmental exposures, micro-aspirations secondary to gastroesophageal reflux, age, sex, smoking habit, and infections contribute to its etiology; consequently, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The homeostasis of gut microbiota, including bacteria, archaea, and fungi, can influence the functions of both the intestine and remote organs.

Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodissection with Various Volumes of 5% Dextrose for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial.

Objective: Ideal volume of 5% dextrose (D5W) for median nerve hydrodissection (HD) for treating carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is still unknown. This study assessed the efficacy of nerve hydrodissection using varying volumes of D5W for treating mild to moderate CTS.

Design: Eighty participants with unilateral mild to moderate CTS were randomized into groups to receive either 5 ml of normal saline (NS), 5 ml of D5W, 10 ml of NS, and 10 ml of D5W, with each group undergoing one session of ultrasound-guided HD.

Septic Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint in a Geriatric Patient: A Case Report.

Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint is a rare pathology. There is no consensus in the literature regarding etiopathogenesis and treatment. Pain, swelling, trismus, and mandibular deviation are common.

Histological Evaluation of the Effects of Intra-Articular Injection of Caffeic Acid on Cartilage Repair in a Rat Knee Microfracture Model.

BACKGROUND Cartilage injuries are challenging to treat due to limited self-healing. Standard treatments often lead to the formation of less durable fibrocartilage. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a polyphenolic compound, can improve cartilage repair.

Effect of using a kaleidoscope projector and matching cards on fear and vital signs in children aged 3-6 years receiving inhaled medication.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of projector kaleidoscope and matching card on children's fear and physiological parameters in children aged 3-6 years receiving inhaled medication.

Methods: This randomised controlled study was conducted with the guidelines of Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). The sample of children was allocated to the projector kaleidoscope group (n = 38), matching card group (n = 38) and control group (n = 38).

Does physical performance demonstrate patient-reported outcomes after lumbar spine surgery?

Background: Due to time and setting constraints in clinical practice, performing a comprehensive assessment with both questionnaires and physical performance tests may not be possible. This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between physical performance and patient-reported outcomes in patients after Lumbar Spine Surgery (LSS).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 50 participants who were followed up at least six months after LSS.

Does the thickness of temporal muscle indicate sarcopenia and functional outcome in older patients with acute stroke?

Background And Purpose: Aging, inactivity, malnutrition and diseases cause sarcopenia and stroke is an important reason of sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to determine the sarcopenia and to evaluate the relationship between functional outcome and temporal muscle thickness using brain CT in older acute stroke patients. 

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with acute stroke patients in a single neurology clinic.

Development of the interpretable typing prediction model for osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma based on machine learning and radiomics: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma are common malignant bone tumors, and accurate differentiation between these two tumors is crucial for treatment strategies and prognosis assessment. However, traditional radiological methods face diagnostic challenges due to the similarity in imaging between the two.

Methods: Clinical CT images and pathological data of 76 patients confirmed by pathology from January 2018 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected from Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital and Guizhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital.

Outcomes of neuroendoscopy for suprasellar arachnoid cysts: a single center experiences.

Background: Arachnoid cysts are extra parenchymal, intra-arachnoid fluid collections of unknown origin, similar in content to cerebrospinal fluid. Suprasellar arachnoid cysts are a rarer localization resulting from abnormalities of the Liliequist membrane or cystic dilatation of the interpeduncular cisterna. We aimed to contribute to the literature by presenting a series of suprasellar arachnoid cyst cases with endoscopic intervention and long-term results.

Boron-Doped Nano Hydroxyapatite Grafts for Bone Regeneration in Rat Mandibular Defects.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of boron-doped nano hydroxyapatite grafts on craniofacial bone regeneration in critical bone defects in the mandibular corpus of rats, in terms of scintigraphic and histopathological aspects. Forty Wistar albino rats, with an average weight of 200-220 g, aged 16-18 weeks, and all male, were used in the study. The rats were randomly assigned to five groups, each containing 8 rats, as follows: group C1 (no procedure applied to the mandible), group C2 (surgical defect created in the mandible but no treatment applied), group nHA (nano hydroxyapatite applied to the surgical defect area), group nHA + B1 (nano hydroxyapatite + 1% boron applied to the surgical defect area), and group nHA + B2 (nano hydroxyapatite + 2% boron applied to the surgical defect area).

Risk Factors For Progression From Biochemical Leak to Clinically Relevant Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreaticoduodenectomy. The Key of the Lock: Prognostic Nutritional Index.

Background/aims: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), which is considered the most frightening complication after pancreatic oduodenectomy (PD), continues to be a serious problem even in experienced centers. In the present study, we aimed to determine the risk factors that increase the progression from biochemical leak (BL) to clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after PD.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 152 patients who underwent PD.

Is There a Difference between Intralesional Treatments Combined with Internal Urethrotomy?

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of various injection therapy agents used in combination with internal urethrotomy in preventing fibrosis and stricture recurrence.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) in our clinic between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively screened. The patients were divided into four groups: DVIU + intralesional platelet-rich plasma (DVIU + PRP group, n = 21), DVIU + intralesional mitomycin-C (DVIU + MMC group, n = 21), DVIU + intralesional prednisolone (DVIU + prednisolone group, n = 21), and DVIU alone (control group, n = 21).

Monitoring the effect of antiviral treatment on the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients.

Objective: Despite the availability of treatment and vaccines for chronic hepatitis B infection, it remains a public health problem. The use of nucleos(t)ide antiviral agents is effective in preventing complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, but despite the reduction, the risk persists. The objective of this study was to assess alterations in aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and Fibrosis-4 scores and examine the effectiveness of risk estimates for HCC in chronic hepatitis B scores in predicting the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis B patients undergoing prolonged antiviral treatment.

Effective Motivational Interviewing-Based Counseling for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This research was conducted to determine the effect on pain, psychosocial adjustment and self-care management of motivational interview-based counseling for individuals with a diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: This study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study. The sample size for the study was calculated as 60 individuals (29 intervention, 31 controls) diagnosed with osteoarthritis.

Global Assessment of Medication Adherence: Correlational Analyses of a Brief Tool for Evaluating Medication Adherence in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders.

Background: Assessment of medication adherence of patients with severe mental disorders is an important aspect of long-term treatment. There is a need for a brief and practical tool to assess medication adherence. This study investigates the clinical, functional, and validational correlations of a short and easy-to-use tool.

Evaluation of Basal Ganglia in Paediatric Patients With Primary Nephrotic Syndrome by Brain Magnetic Resonance Histogram Analysis.

Background: Primary nephrotic syndrome is an important cause of chronic renal failure in childhood. Important neuronal complications may develop during the disease.

Aims: This study aims to demonstrate basal ganglia involvement in children with nephrotic syndrome by texture analysis.

Novel predictor for metabolic syndrome: Para-aortic adipose tissue.

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Perivascular fat depots not only serve as energy storage but also function as endocrine organs. Para-aortic adipose tissue (PAT), a perivascular local adipose tissue, has been suggested to play a role in obesity-mediated vascular disease, and has been associated with MetS components and measures of coronary and abdominal aortic calcification.

Can trauma scores predict the length of hospital stay of patients with fractures after earthquake-related blunt injury?

Objective: The number of patients during disastrous conditions was high, and triage is essential. In chaotic circumstances, orthopedic surgeons can also struggle with patient selection, not only for surgical selection but also for the necessity of hospitalization. So, the performance of the Injury Severity Score, New Injury Severity Score, and Trauma and Injury Severity Score was compared in victims who were struck under the wreckage and had fractures due to the Kahramanmaras Earthquake.

Are attitudes towards infertility associated with gender perception?

Infertility is not life-threatening but is nevertheless an important problem that threatens a couple's wellbeing due to its negative impact on their emotional health and quality of life. This descriptive, correlational study aimed to determine the relationship between university students' attitudes towards infertility and their gender perceptions. The study was conducted in a state university with a total of 602 students.