12 results match your criteria: "2495University of Otago[Affiliation]"

Late presentation of HIV infection among adults in New Zealand from 2011 to 2020.

Int J STD AIDS

April 2023

AIDS Epidemiology Group, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, 2495University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Article Synopsis
  • Early diagnosis of HIV is crucial for effective treatment and controlling its spread; the study focused on late diagnoses in New Zealand from 2011-2020.
  • Out of 1145 adults analyzed, 40.5% were diagnosed late, with 24.9% having advanced HIV disease; the majority of late presenters were men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM).
  • Factors contributing to late presentation included older age, being of non-European ethnicity, and testing due to symptoms, highlighting the need to identify barriers to testing and create strategies to encourage earlier diagnosis, especially among heterosexuals and diverse ethnic groups.
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Maintenance ECT treatment in New Zealand: Local and national data.

Australas Psychiatry

February 2023

Psychological Medicine, 2495University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Objectives: To retrospectively analyse patients receiving maintenance Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), patterns of ECT treatment administration and impact on hospitalisation before and during treatment, in a single New Zealand District Health Board catchment. We also asked other District Health Boards in New Zealand for annual data on their use of maintenance ECT.

Methods: Regional analysis: retrospective analysis of patient-level data over 9 years.

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Objective: To examine psychiatric trainees teaching of supported decision-making (SDM).

Method: New Zealand psychiatric trainees were surveyed about teaching regarding SDM using a novel tool. The analysis strategy examined the latent structure of the questionnaire and correlates of teaching in these areas.

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There is increasing recognition of the occurrence and frequency of male childhood sexual abuse (MCSA). Quantitative and qualitative research has demonstrated a number of adverse outcomes associated with MCSA in terms of mental health, physical health and difficulties in behavioural, social or interrelationship functioning. The present study gives voice to male survivors of childhood sexual abuse by exploring themes around the impact of MCSA over the course of their life.

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Does Gender Affect Judges' Perceptions of Sexual Assault Cases?

J Interpers Violence

January 2023

Department of Psychological Medicine, 2495University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

There is growing recognition that females engage in harmful sexual behaviour that is similar in severity and type to males. Existing research, however, suggests that there is a bias towards leniency in judicial systems for female sexual offenders (FSOs) in comparison to male sexual offenders (MSOs). Specifically, FSOs receive shorter sentences than do MSOs and are less likely to be sentenced to prison.

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Objectives: 11% of drivers aged 65+ report moderate to extreme driving anxiety, with associated reduction in driving. Knowledge about the relationships of driving anxiety with health and quality of life for older people is minimal. The present study examined these relationships.

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Background: In China, the conventional family-based ageing care model is under pressure from social transitions, raising the question of whether and to what extent families are still capable of dealing with the care of the aged.

Objective: This article examines the vulnerability and inadequacy of families to bear responsibility for the care of the aged against a backdrop of socioeconomic transformation and diminishing institutional support in rural China.

Research Design: This article adopts an empirical ethical approach that integrates empirical investigation with ethical inquiry.

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Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) can offer more flexibility and independence compared with hemodialysis, yet uptake of PD remains low. Barriers to PD include the fear of dialyzing without medical assistance and uncertainty about recognizing and managing complications. There is increasing use of remote monitoring in automated peritoneal dialysis (APD), but little is known about its acceptability by patients and caregivers.

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To effectively address ageing and develop adequate eldercare needs, among others, new ethical visions are much needed. One of the ways to formulate sound ethical visions for contemporary issues is to reclaim, reinterpret and revive old moral ideas and ideals rooted in different indigenous cultural traditions. Drawing thought, wisdom and inspirations from classical Confucianism, the article offers a Confucian ethical outlook on healthy ageing and social eldercare.

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Background: The pressing issue of aged care has made gendered caregiving a growing subject of feminist bioethical enquiry. However, the impact of feminism on empirical studies in the area of gendered care in Chinese sociocultural contexts has been less influential.

Objectives: To examine female members' lived experiences of gendered care in rural China and offer proper normative evaluation based on their experiences.

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