The Effectiveness of Protection Orders in Reducing Recidivism in Domestic Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Preventing and reducing domestic violence is a national and international social priority. Civil law protection orders (POs) have been the primary legal response to domestic violence internationally for a number of decades. However, evidence of their effectiveness is mixed due to variations in application within and across countries and variable quality of the research with most studies at high risk of bias.

Student-directed learning: A catalyst for academic achievement and self-determination for students with intellectual disability.

In this single-case experimental design study, eight adolescents with mild intellectual disability (ID) participated in a 3-month intervention with the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction. Findings indicate that student-directed learning may enable students with ID to increase their academic achievements, and the authors explore how this may lead to enhanced self-determination over time. Further data analysis suggests that student-directed learning first of all may have an impact at the level of the environment, such that teachers start to perceive their students with ID as capable agents who can take an active role in their own learning process.