Cretaceous lophocoronids with short proboscis and retractable female genitalia provide the earliest evidence for their feeding and oviposition habits.

We describe two new species of Lophocoronidae: Acanthocorona hedida Zhang, Shih and Engel sp. n. and Acanthocorona venulosa Zhang, Shih and Engel sp.

Effects of cobalt doping on the reactivity of hausmannite for As(III) oxidation and As(V) adsorption.

Hausmannite is a common low valence Mn oxide mineral, with a distorted spinel structure, in surficial sediments. Although natural Mn oxides often contain various impurities of transitional metals (TMs), few studies have addressed the effect and related mechanism of TM doping on the reactivity of hausmannite with metal pollutants. Here, the reactivity of cobalt (Co) doped hausmannite with aqueous As(III) and As(V) was studied.

A phylotranscriptome study using silica gel-dried leaf tissues produces an updated robust phylogeny of Ranunculaceae.

The utility of transcriptome data in plant phylogenetics has gained popularity in recent years. However, because RNA degrades much more easily than DNA, the logistics of obtaining fresh tissues has become a major limiting factor for widely applying this method. Here, we used Ranunculaceae to test whether silica-dried plant tissues could be used for RNA extraction and subsequent phylogenomic studies.

The Invasion of the Land in Deep Time: Integrating Paleozoic Records of Paleobiology, Ichnology, Sedimentology, and Geomorphology.

The invasion of the land was a complex, protracted process, punctuated by mass extinctions, that involved multiple routes from marine environments. We integrate paleobiology, ichnology, sedimentology, and geomorphology to reconstruct Paleozoic terrestrialization. Cambrian landscapes were dominated by laterally mobile rivers with unstable banks in the absence of significant vegetation.

Two New Fossil Sawflies of Pamphiliidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China.

Two new species of Pamphiliidae, sp. nov. and sp.

A phylogeny of the Triraphideae including and (Poaceae, Chloridoideae).

To investigate the evolutionary relationships among species of the tribe Triraphideae (including two monotypic genera, and ), we generated a phylogeny based on DNA sequences from nuclear ribosomal (ITS) and four plastid markers (, intron, , and intron). and form a clade that is sister to and . Member of the Triraphideae have paniculate inflorescences, 3-veined, marginally ciliate lemmas, usually with hairy lateral veins, that are apically bifid and awned from between a sinus.

Target Enrichment and Extensive Population Sampling Help Untangle the Recent, Rapid Radiation of Oenothera Sect. Calylophus.

Oenothera sect. Calylophus is a North American group of 13 recognized taxa in the evening primrose family (Onagraceae) with an evolutionary history that may include independent origins of bee pollination, edaphic endemism, and permanent translocation heterozygosity. Like other groups that radiated relatively recently and rapidly, taxon boundaries within Oenothera sect.

Checking the checkered taxonomy of Plötz's checkered skippers (Hesperiidae: Pyrgini).

We present an analysis of the names proposed by Carl Plötz in 1884 for the New World species in the genus Hübner, [1819] facilitated by the genomic sequencing of extant primary type specimens comparatively with a larger sample of more recently collected specimens of these species and their relatives. The changes to nomenclature suggested here are only caused by the identity of primary type specimens as revealed by their phenotypes or through genomic sequencing. All neotypes are designated to stabilize nomenclature in agreement with the current usage of these names, which in unison agrees best with the information available about them.

Phylogenomic approaches untangle early divergences and complex diversifications of the olive plant family.

Background: Deep-branching phylogenetic relationships are often difficult to resolve because phylogenetic signals are obscured by the long history and complexity of evolutionary processes, such as ancient introgression/hybridization, polyploidization, and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS). Phylogenomics has been effective in providing information for resolving both deep- and shallow-scale relationships across all branches of the tree of life. The olive family (Oleaceae) is composed of 25 genera classified into five tribes with tribe Oleeae consisting of four subtribes.

The complete chloroplast genome and phylogenetic relationship of Apocynum pictum (Apocynaceae), a Central Asian shrub and second-class national protected species of western China.

Apocynum pictum of the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, is a perennial semi-shrub species of ecological, medicinal, and economic value. It is mainly distributed in semi-arid, saline-alkaline, and desert regions of Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Gansu of western China and adjacent regions from Kazakhstan and Mongolia. Here, we reported the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of A.

New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China.

One new genus and species, gen. et sp. nov.

Super-hydration and reduction of manganese oxide minerals at shallow terrestrial depths.

Manganese oxides are ubiquitous marine minerals which are redox sensitive. As major components of manganese nodules found on the ocean floor, birnessite and buserite have been known to be two distinct water-containing minerals with manganese octahedral interlayer separations of ~7 Å and ~10 Å, respectively. We show here that buserite is a super-hydrated birnessite formed near 5 km depth conditions.

Global Nepticulidae, Opostegidae, and Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera): temporal dynamics of species descriptions and their authors.

This study identifies the number of named and described species of three monotrysian, plant-mining lepidopteran families worldwide: Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Nepticuloidea), and Tischeriidae (Tischerioidea). At the end of 2021, we estimated that a total of 1000 Nepticulidae species, 197 Opostegidae species, and 170 Tischeriidae species have been described since the taxonomic practice of describing species began in the 18th century. We examine and discuss the history of descriptions and authorship of species worldwide for each of the three families.

Kishenehna prima, a new genus and species of darner dragonfly (Odonata, Aeshnidae, Gomphaeschninae) from the early middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation of Montana, USA.

We describe the darner dragonfly Kishenehna prima n. gen. and sp.

Draeculacephala robinsoni Hamilton, 1967 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae), a newly introduced species and genus in Europe with comments on its identification.

For the first time in the Palaearctic Region, the New World leafhopper genus Draeculacephala Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) has been recorded in France (Pyrenes-Orientales) and Spain (Catalonia). The species present in both countries is Draeculacephala robinsoni Hamilton 1967, among the most common and widespread species of the genus Draeculacephala in eastern North America. Comments on the identification of this species are presented.

New species in Rejectaria Guene (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Herminiinae) with a focus on the Cyclanthaceae-feeders.

Five species of Rejectaria Guene, including two newly described, were reared from Asplundia utilis (Oerst.) Harling, Asplundia microphylla (Oerst.) Harling, Carludovica costaricensis (Harling) L.

Increasing morphological disparity and decreasing optimality for jaw speed and strength during the radiation of jawed vertebrates.

The Siluro-Devonian adaptive radiation of jawed vertebrates, which underpins almost all living vertebrate biodiversity, is characterized by the evolutionary innovation of the lower jaw. Multiple lines of evidence have suggested that the jaw evolved from a rostral gill arch, but when the jaw took on a feeding function remains unclear. We quantified the variety of form in the earliest jaws in the fossil record from which we generated a theoretical morphospace that we then tested for functional optimality.

Phylogenomic conflict analyses in the apple genus Malus s.l. reveal widespread hybridization and allopolyploidy driving diversification, with insights into the complex biogeographic history in the Northern Hemisphere.

Phylogenomic evidence from an increasing number of studies has demonstrated that different data sets and analytical approaches often reconstruct strongly supported but conflicting relationships. In this study, 785 single-copy nuclear genes and 75 complete plastomes were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships and estimate the historical biogeography of the apple genus Malus sensu lato, an economically important lineage disjunctly distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and involved in known and suspected hybridization and allopolyploidy events. The nuclear phylogeny recovered the monophyly of Malus s.

Himalayan orogeny and monsoon intensification explain species diversification in an endemic ginger (Hedychium: Zingiberaceae) from the Indo-Malayan Realm.

The Indo-Malayan Realm is a biogeographic realm that extends from the Indian Subcontinent to the islands of Southeast Asia (Malay Archipelago). Despite being megadiverse, evolutionary hypotheses explaining taxonomic diversity in this region have been rare. Here, we investigate the role of geoclimatic events such as Himalayan orogeny and monsoon intensification in the diversification of the ginger-lilies (Hedychium J.

Green plant genomes: What we know in an era of rapidly expanding opportunities.

Green plants play a fundamental role in ecosystems, human health, and agriculture. As de novo genomes are being generated for all known eukaryotic species as advocated by the Earth BioGenome Project, increasing genomic information on green land plants is essential. However, setting standards for the generation and storage of the complex set of genomes that characterize the green lineage of life is a major challenge for plant scientists.