Olanzapine/Samidorphan Effects on Weight Gain: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Phase 2 and 3 Randomized Double-Blind Studies.

To evaluate weight change with a combination of olanzapine and samidorphan (OLZ/SAM) versus olanzapine by pooling data across clinical studies. This study was an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of clinical trial data. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycInfo were searched for randomized clinical trials (≥12 weeks) in adults with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder in which weight change from baseline was the primary or secondary end point.

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of extra-short implants (≤ 6 mm) in the posterior atrophic jaws: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed at investigating implant survival rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) around extra-short implants. The impact of the loading protocol and of the use of an intermediate abutment was also evaluated, to explore possible differences in terms of the outcome measures.

Materials And Methods: Patients with single or multiple mandibular or maxillary posterior edentulism rehabilitated using extra-short 5-6 mm long implants were included.

Engineering hydrogen bonding at tyrosine-201 in the orange carotenoid protein using halogenated analogues.

The Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is a unique water-soluble photoactive protein that plays a critical role in regulating the balance between light harvesting and photoprotective responses in cyanobacteria. The challenge in understanding OCP´s photoactivation mechanism stems from the heterogeneity of the initial configurations of its embedded ketocarotenoid, which in the dark-adapted state can form up to two hydrogen bonds to critical amino acids in the protein's C-terminal domain, and the extremely low quantum yield of primary photoproduct formation. While a series of experiments involving point mutations within these contacts helped us to identify these challenges, they did not resolve them.

Increased serum NfL and GFAP levels indicate different subtypes of neurologic immune-related adverse events during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Neurologic immune-related adverse events (nirAEs) represent rare, yet severe side effects associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Given the absence of established diagnostic biomarkers for nirAEs, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Fifty-three patients were included at three comprehensive cancer centers, of these 20 patients with manifest nirAEs and 11 patients with irHypophysitis.

Treating episodic migraine with precision: the evolving landscape of targeted therapies driven by insights in disease biology.

Introduction: Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder with a complex neurobiology. It appears as a cyclic disorder of sensory processing, affecting multiple systems beyond nociception. Overlapping mechanisms, including dysfunctional processing of sensory input from brain structures are involved in the generation of attacks.

Living in Biological Darkness II: Impact of Winter Habitual Daytime Light on Night-Time Sleep.

Timing and architecture of sleep are co-driven by circadian rhythms modulated by their major Zeitgeber light and darkness. In a natural environment, one is exposed to 3.000 lx (cloudy winter sky) to 100.

Enhancing patient education on the role of tibial osteotomy in the management of knee osteoarthritis using a customized ChatGPT: a readability and quality assessment.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) significantly impacts the quality of life of those afflicted, with many patients eventually requiring surgical intervention. While Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is common, it may not be suitable for younger patients with unicompartmental OA, who might benefit more from High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO). Effective patient education is crucial for informed decision-making, yet most online health information has been found to be too complex for the average patient to understand.

External low energy electromagnetic fields affect heart dynamics: surrogate for system synchronization, chaos control and cancer patient's health.

All cells in the human body, including cancer cells, possess specific electrical properties crucial for their functions. These properties are notably different between normal and cancerous cells. Cancer cells are characterized by autonomous oscillations and damped electromagnetic field (EMF) activation.

Catalyst for change: Psilocybin's antidepressant mechanisms-A systematic review.

Background: Recent clinical trials suggest promising antidepressant effects of psilocybin, despite methodological challenges. While various studies have investigated distinct mechanisms and proposed theoretical opinions, a comprehensive understanding of psilocybin's neurobiological and psychological antidepressant mechanisms is lacking.

Aims: Systematically review potential antidepressant neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of psilocybin.

The impact of oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol on cardiometabolic risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The so-called Mediterranean diet, with olive oil as a key component, is effective in reducing cardiometabolic disease risk. Olive oil consumption improves blood pressure, insulin levels and resistance, supporting heart health and glycemic control. Its phenolic compounds, including oleuropein (OLE), hydroxytyrosol (HT), and tyrosol (TYR) are hypothesized to likely contribute to these benefits.

pH-sensitive polyglycerol nanogels for periodontitis treatment through antibacterial and pro-angiogenesis action.

Periodontitis is a microbe-driven inflammatory disease leading to bone resorption and tissue destruction. We propose a dual-functional nanogel complex armed with the antimicrobial drug triclosan (TCS) and the pro-angiogenesis medication deferoxamine (DFO) for combating microbial pathogens and promoting tissue regeneration. The nanogel system (NG-TCS-DFO) that we fabricated from linear polyglycerol exhibits well-defined spherical morphology and a positively charged surface for bacteria adhesion.

Insights into Homogeneous Bulk Boron Doping at the Tetrahedral Site of NCM811 Cathode Materials: Structure Stabilization by Inductive Effect on TM-O-B Bonds.

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are critical for enabling sustainable energy storage. The capacity of cathode materials is a major limiting factor in the LIB performance, and doping has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing the electrochemical properties of nickel-rich layered oxides such as NCM811. In this study, boron is homogeneously incorporated into the tetrahedral site of NCM811 through co-precipitation, leading to an inductive effect on transition metal (TM)-O-B bonds that delayed structural collapse and reduced oxygen release.

Targeting MYCN upregulates L1CAM tumor antigen in MYCN-dysregulated neuroblastoma to increase CAR T cell efficacy.

Current treatment protocols have limited success against MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. Adoptive T cell therapy presents an innovative strategy to improve cure rates. However, L1CAM-targeting CAR T cells achieved only limited response against refractory/relapsed neuroblastoma so far.

The Alexithymia Hypothesis of Autism Revisited: Alexithymia Modulates Social Brain Activity During Facial Affect Recognition in Autistic Adults.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and alexithymia are both linked to difficulties in facial affect recognition (FAR) alongside differences in social brain activity. According to the Alexithymia Hypothesis, difficulties in emotion processing in ASD can be attributed to increased levels of co-occurring alexithymia. Despite substantial evidence supporting the hypothesis at the behavioral level, the effects of co-occurring alexithymia on brain function during FAR remain unexplored.

Effects of a Preoperative Psychological Expectation-focused Intervention in Patients Undergoing Valvular Surgery - the Randomized Controlled ValvEx (valve patients' expectations) Study.

Background: Many patients experience a reduced quality of life for months after heart surgery. Besides medical factors, psychological factors such as preoperative expectations influence the recovery process. The ValvEx study investigated whether an expectation-focused preoperative intervention before heart valve surgery would i) increase positive realistic expectations, ii) reduce preoperative anxiety and iii) improve the postoperative recovery process.

Frailty impacts all-cause mortality after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of frailty and inflammation on all-cause mortality in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), and key risk factors were also explored.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 174 patients with AAA who underwent EVAR at Beijing Hospital between 2016 and 2024. Frailty was assessed using the modified five-item Frailty Index (mFI-5).

The history of ankylosing spondylitis/axial spondyloarthritis - what is the driving force of new knowledge?

The history of (axial) spondyloarthritis has started several centuries ago. Since the end of the 19th century major achievements have been made. This historical review tries to show how closely the advances in clinical medicine in rheumatology have been related to advances made in basic sciences.

Biology-inspired dynamic microphysiological system approaches to revolutionize basic research, healthcare and animal welfare.

The regular workshops held by the Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT) on biology-inspired microphysiological systems (MPS) taking place every four years, have become a reliable measure to assess fundamental scientific, industrial and regulatory trends for translational science in the MPS-field from a bird's eye view. The 2023 workshop participants at that time concluded that the technology as used within academia has matured significantly, underlined by the broad use of MPS and the steadily increasing number of high quality research publications - yet, broad industry adoption of MPS has been slow, despite strong interest. Academic research using MPS primarily aims to accurately recapitulate human biology in MPS-based organ models in areas where traditional models have been lacking key elements of human physiology, thereby enabling breakthrough discoveries for life sciences.

Living Lab Dementia: process evaluation of an academic-practice partnership in German long term care for people living with dementia - study protocol.

Background: Living Labs, as a type of academic-practice partnerships, possess the potential to transform care and research into a participatory partnership and narrow the research-practice gap to improve evidence-based and Person-centred care. Given the lack of systematic investigations of Living Labs in healthcare, we will establish a dementia-specific academic-practice partnership (Living Lab Dementia) in Germany and conduct a process evaluation. The aim of this study is to gain insights into the intervention itself (mechanisms of impact) and its implementation process (degree of implementation, barriers, and facilitators).

Prediction of response to anti-HER2 therapy using a multigene assay.

HER2-positive breast cancer (BC), which constitutes 13-15% of cases, shows variable response to anti-HER2 therapies. HER2-positivity, defined as protein overexpression (immunohistochemistry (IHC) score 3+) or equivocal expression (IHC 2+) with evidence of HER2 gene amplification, determines the eligibility to anti-HER2 therapy. MammaTyper® assay (Cerca Biotech GmbH) is a RT-qPCR BC subtyping platform based on the mRNA expression of ERBB2, ESR1, PGR, and MKI67.

Deep Learning for Age Estimation from Panoramic Radiographs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Panoramic radiographs are widely used for age estimation in clinical and forensic domains. Conventionally, age estimation uses humans assessing tooth development and deducing the expected age from that. Deep learning may improve or substitute this traditional approach and allow age estimation at scale in routine settings.

Accuracy of Established Prognostic Staging Systems for Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis in the Tafamidis Era.

Background: Biomarker-based prognostic staging systems, including the National Amyloidosis Centre (NAC) and the Mayo staging systems, are widely-used but have only been validated for treatment-naive patients with cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR-CA).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of the NAC and Mayo staging systems in patients with ATTR-CA treated with tafamidis.

Methods: A retrospective observational study following patients with ATTR-CA from initiation of tafamidis (baseline) to time of all-cause death was conducted.

Adverse events during and after early mobilisation: A post hoc analysis of the TEAM trial.

Background: The Treatment of Mechanically Ventilated Adults with Early Activity and Mobilisation (TEAM) trial reported a higher occurrence of adverse events with greater mobilisation. However, their timing and nature remained unexplored. We conducted an in-depth exploration of such events.