Exploring patient perspectives on EQ-5D-5L data visualization within an individualized decision aid for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in Alberta, Canada.

Background: Decision aids can help patients set realistic expectations. In this study, we explored alternative presentations to visualise patient-reported outcomes (EQ-5D-5L) data within an online, individualized patient decision aid for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) that, in part, generates individualized comparisons based on age, sex and body mass index, to enhance usability prior to implementation into routine clinical practice.

Methods: We used data visualization techniques to modify the presentation of EQ-5D-5L outcomes data within the decision aid.

Effectiveness of RADAR on diabetes processes of care for First Nations communities in Alberta, Canada.

The epidemic of type-2 diabetes in First Nations communities is tragic. Culturally-appropriate approaches addressing multiple components, focusing beyond glycemic control, are urgently needed. Using an intention-to-treat framework, 13 processes of care indicators were assessed to compare proportions of patients who received care at baseline relative to 2-year follow-up.

Comparative performance of the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L and the CDC healthy days measures in assessing population health.

Objectives: To examine the comparative performance of EuroQol EQ-5D-5L and Center for Disease Control Healthy Days measures in assessing population health.

Methods: Using data from 2014 Alberta Community Health Survey, a cross-sectional population-based survey (N = 7559), conducted in Alberta, Canada, we examined construct validity of the measures as indicators of population health. Differences in EQ-5D-5L index score, visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS), and CDC unhealthy days index across socio-demographic subgroups were tested by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests using known-groups approach.

Mental health experiences with COVID-19 public health measures in an Alberta First Nations Community.

Background: First Nations (FN) people of Canada experience health, social, and systemic inequities due to colonization. Consequently, COVID-19 has placed further mental health stress on people related to personal finances, employment security and worry over infection, resulting in exacerbated effects of unresolved past medical and physical traumas. This study aims to understand the experiences related to mental health in an Alberta FN community during the early stages of the pandemic.

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life of adults visiting emergency departments and primary care settings in Alberta.

Objectives: To examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life (HRQL) of adults visiting emergency departments (ED) and primary care (PC) settings in Alberta, Canada, and explore whether this impact varies across demographic subgroups.

Methods: Data from two repeated cross-sectional surveys that measured HRQL using EQ-5D-5L were used; "pre-COVID" Sept 2019-Feb 2020 (ED, N=5927; PC, N=317), "Wave-1" Mar 2020-Aug 2020 (ED, N=4781; PC, N=375), and "Wave-2" Sept 2020-Jan 2021 (ED, N=4443; PC, N=327).

Results: In the ED sample, there were decrements in mild-extreme problems of 3.

Burden of mental health symptoms and perceptions of their management in in-centre hemodialysis care: a mixed methods study.

Background: We aimed to describe (1) depressive and anxiety symptom burdens reported by adults on in-centre hemodialysis in Northern Alberta, Canada and (2) patients' and nurses' perceptions of managing such symptoms using routine patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods: A longitudinal mixed methods approach was employed. Cluster randomized controlled trial data exposed the prevalence of positive screens (scores ≥ 3) for depressive (PHQ-2) and anxiety (GAD-2) symptoms.

Selection of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for use in health systems.

Many healthcare systems around the world have been increasingly using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in routine outcome measurement to enhance patient-centered care and incorporate the patient's perspective in health system performance evaluation. One of the key steps in using PROMs in health systems is selecting the appropriate measure(s) to serve the purpose and context of measurement. However, the availability of many PROMs makes this choice rather challenging.

Gaps in evidence for the use of medically authorized cannabis: Ontario and Alberta, Canada.

Background: With legal access to medical cannabis in Canada since 2001, there is a need to fully characterize its use at both the individual and population levels. We draw on data from Canada's largest cohort study of medical cannabis to identify the primary reasons for medical cannabis authorization in Canada from 2014 to 2019 in two major provinces: Alberta (AB) and Ontario (ON), and review the extent that evidence supports each indication.

Methods: Self-reported baseline assessments were collected from adult patients in ON (n = 61,835) and AB (n = 3410) who were authorized medical cannabis.

Modifying the quality-adjusted life year calculation to account for meaningful change in health-related quality of life: insights from a pragmatic clinical trial.

Background: We propose a modified quality-adjusted life year (QALY) calculation that aims to be consistent with guidance for interpreting change in patient-reported outcomes. This calculation incorporates the minimally important difference (MID) in generic preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQL) change scores to reflect what might be considered meaningful HRQL improvement/deterioration. In doing so, we review common issues in QALY calculations such as adjustment for baseline scores and standardizing for between-group differences.

The predictive ability of EQ-5D-3L compared to the LACE index and its association with 30-day post-hospitalization outcomes.

Purpose: To examine whether the EQ-5D-3L at the time of discharge from hospital provides additional prognostic information above the LACE index for 30-day post-discharge hospital readmission and to explore the association of EQ-5D-3L with readmissions, emergency department (ED) visits, and death within the same period.

Methods: Using data (n = 495; mean age 62.9 years (SD 18.

Adopting and implementing an innovative model to organize diabetes care within First Nations communities: A qualitative assessment.

Background: Diabetes care remains suboptimal in First Nations populations. Innovative and culturally relevant approaches are needed to promote systematic and proactive organization of diabetes care for people living with diabetes on-reserve in Canada. The RADAR model is one strategy to improve care: an integrated disease registry paired with an electronic health record for local community healthcare providers with remote care coordination.

Opioid use in medical cannabis authorization adult patients from 2013 to 2018: Alberta, Canada.

Background: The opioid overdose epidemic in Canada and the United States has become a public health crisis - with exponential increases in opioid-related morbidity and mortality. Recently, there has been an increasing body of evidence focusing on the opioid-sparing effects of medical cannabis use (reduction of opioid use and reliance), and medical cannabis as a potential alternative treatment for chronic pain. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of medical cannabis authorization on opioid use (oral morphine equivalent; OME) between 2013 and 2018 in Alberta, Canada.

Cohort study of medical cannabis authorization and motor vehicle crash-related healthcare visits in 2014-2017 in Ontario, Canada.

Background: With increasing numbers of countries/jurisdictions legalizing cannabis, cannabis impaired driving has become a serious public health concern. Despite substantive research linking cannabis use with higher rates of motor vehicle crashes (MVC), there is an absence of conclusive evidence linking MVC risk with medical cannabis use. In fact, there is no clear understanding of the impact of medical cannabis use on short- and long-term motor vehicle-related healthcare visits.

The performance of the EQ-5D-3L in screening for anxiety and depressive symptoms in hospital and community settings.

Background: To examine the performance of the EQ-5D-3L in screening for anxiety and depressive symptoms in hospital and community settings compared to other patient-reported screening tools.

Methods: Data from a prospective cohort of patients discharged from general internal medicine wards from two hospitals in Edmonton, Alberta were used in this study. Two waves of measurements (discharge and 90-days post-discharge) were analyzed.

A cluster randomized controlled trial for the Evaluation of routinely Measured PATient reported outcomes in HemodialYsis care (EMPATHY): a study protocol.

Background: Kidney failure requiring dialysis is associated with poor health outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) capture symptom burden, level of functioning and other outcomes from a patient perspective, and can support clinicians to monitor disease progression, address symptoms, and facilitate patient-centered care. While evidence suggests the use of PROMs in clinical practice can lead to improved patient experience in some settings, the impact on patients' health outcomes and experiences is not fully understood, and their cost-effectiveness in clinical settings is unknown.

3125 steps to perfect health: a nonparametric approach to developing the EQ-5D-5L value set.

Purpose: The EQ-5D-5L is a commonly used instrument for assessing the utility of different health states. Health state utility values are a key component of health technology evaluations. Such evaluations are used to support evidence-based decisions surrounding health resource allocations and therefore rely on the accuracy of the valuation set used.

Financial advantage or barrier when deprescribing for seniors: A 'case based' analysis.

Objective: Deprescribing has several barriers, including financial implications; the purpose of this study is to determine the financial impact of deprescribing on the pharmacy, public payer (government), and the patient, across Canadian provinces and territories.

Methods: A case was developed to reflect a typical senior in Canada. Eight different deprescribing scenarios were studied financially before and after each intervention.

Working towards a better understanding of type 2 diabetes care organization with First Nations communities: a qualitative assessment.

Background: Diabetes care is suboptimal in First Nations populations. Innovative and culturally-relevant approaches are needed to promote proactive organization of diabetes care for diabetes patients on-reserve in Canada. The Reorganizing the Approach to Diabetes care through the Application of Registries () model is one strategy to improve care: an integrated disease registry and electronic health record for community healthcare workers with centralized care coordination.

A Longitudinal Study on the Association Between Diabetic Foot Disease and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the association between diabetic foot disease and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) during a 2-year follow up among people with type 2 diabetes in Alberta.

Methods: A type 2 diabetes cohort was established (2011‒2013); those with self-reported diabetic foot disease were identified. HRQOL was assessed at baseline and 1 and 2 years.

Responsiveness of the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L in patients following total hip or knee replacement.

Purpose: To examine the responsiveness of the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L among total hip/knee replacement (THR/TKR) patients.

Methods: The EQ-5D (3L or 5L) and Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) have been routinely administered to all THR/TKR patients before and at 3 months after surgery in Alberta, Canada, since 2010. Patients were included in this analysis if they completed the WOMAC and the same version of EQ-5D at baseline and 3-month follow-up.

The relationship of neighbourhood-level material and social deprivation with health-related quality of life.

Purpose: To examine the relationship of neighbourhood-level material and social deprivation with health-related quality of life, measured by the EQ-5D-5L, in the general adult population.

Methods: A sample of 11,835 adults living in Alberta, Canada was drawn from three combined annual Health Quality Council of Alberta Satisfaction and Experiences with Health Care Services surveys from 2012 to 2016. Neighbourhood-level material and social deprivation indices were derived using the Pampalon index and the 2006 Canadian census.

Metformin, Asian ethnicity and risk of prostate cancer in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Metformin is associated with a reduced risk of some cancers but its effect on prostate cancer is unclear. Some studies suggest only Asians derive this benefit. Therefore, we undertook a systematic review with particular attention to ethnicity.

Correlates of accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary time among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to describe the volume and patterns of objectively assessed sedentary behaviour, light intensity physical activity (LPA) and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and to examine socio-demographic correlates, among adults living with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Participants (n = 166) wore an accelerometer (Actigraph® GT3X+) for seven consecutive days during waking hours and completed a questionnaire. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary time were described, and multivariable linear regression was used to estimate associations between socio-demographic characteristics and sedentary time and PA.