Axial Muscle Size as a Strong Predictor of Death in Subjects With and Without Heart Failure.

Background The impact of skeletal muscle size, quantified using simple noninvasive images routinely obtained during cardiac magnetic resonance imaging studies on mortality in the heart failure ( HF ) population is currently unknown. Methods and Results We prospectively enrolled 567 subjects without HF (n=364), with HF with reduced ejection fraction (n=111), or with HF with preserved ejection fraction (n=92), who underwent a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Skeletal muscle cross-sectional area was assessed with manual tracing of major thoracic muscle groups on axial chest magnetic resonance images.

Tidal Breathing Measurements at Discharge and Clinical Outcomes in Extremely Low Gestational Age Neonates.

Rationale: The relationship between respiratory function at hospital discharge and the severity of later respiratory disease in extremely low gestational age neonates is not well defined.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that tidal breathing measurements near the time of hospital discharge differ between extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or respiratory disease in the first year of life and those without these conditions.

Methods: Study subjects were part of the PROP (Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program) study, a longitudinal cohort study of infants born at less than 29 gestational weeks followed from birth to 1 year of age.

Improving Primary Care Provider Practices in Youth Concussion Management.

Primary care providers are increasingly providing youth concussion care but report insufficient time and training, limiting adoption of best practices. We implemented a primary care-based intervention including an electronic health record-based clinical decision support tool ("SmartSet") and in-person training. We evaluated consequent improvement in 2 key concussion management practices: (1) performance of a vestibular oculomotor examination and (2) discussion of return-to-learn/return-to-play (RTL/RTP) guidelines.

Failure to Rescue after Infectious Complications in a Statewide Trauma System.

Background: The failure to rescue (FTR) rate, the rate of death after a complication, measures a center's ability to identify and manage complications by "rescuing" vulnerable patients. Infectious complications are common after trauma, but risk factors for death after infection are not established. We hypothesized that risk factors would differ for FTR after infectious complications, development of infections, and for development of and death after non-infectious complications.

Women Veterans' Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence and Non-Partner Sexual Assault in the Context of Military Service: Implications for Supporting Women's Health and Well-Being.

Women who have served in the military in the United States experience high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) and non-partner sexual assault (SA). The military setting presents challenges and opportunities not experienced in other employment contexts that may compound the negative impacts of IPV/SA on women's lives. The purpose of this study was to explore the intersection of women's experiences of IPV/SA and military service through analysis of women veterans' narrative accounts.