Impact of Intermediate Cystic Fibrosis Classification on Parents' Perceptions of Child Vulnerability and Protectiveness.

This cross-sectional, mixed-method study examined factors associated with parent perceptions of child vulnerability and protectiveness in three groups: cystic fibrosis (CF-group, n = 40), intermediate CF classification (I-group, n = 20), and healthy (H-group, n = 50). A composite indicator structural equation (CISE) using Bayesian estimation tested two mediational models: psychological and biological. Significant results ( p < .

Are anticoagulants still indicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension?

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a type of pulmonary hypertension that is a progressive, fatal disease. Multiple underlying mechanisms for PAH have been identified, including vasoconstriction, intimal proliferation, medial hypertrophy, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and in situ thrombosis. Because it is an uncommon disease, it has been challenging to identify a specific treatment that targets the dominant disease mechanism in a given patient.

Botulinum Toxin Conditioning Enhances Motor Axon Regeneration in Mouse and Human Preclinical Models.

Background: Peripheral axon regeneration is improved when the nerve lesion under consideration has recently been preceded by another nerve injury. This is known as the conditioning lesion effect (CLE). While the CLE is one of the most robust and well characterized means to enhance motor axon regeneration in experimental models, it is not considered a clinically feasible strategy.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Associated With Less Diabetes-Specific Emotional Distress and Lower A1c Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Psychosocial impact research of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) among adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is limited. The present study assesses associations between diabetes technology use on adolescent- and parent-perceived diabetes-specific distress and A1c.

Method: Adolescents with T1D and parents (N = 1040; primarily mothers) completed measures of diabetes distress.

A Community-Partnered Approach to Inform a Culturally Relevant Health Promotion Intervention for Stroke.

Background: The purpose of this study was to generate information from multiethnic, high-risk communities to inform the creation of culturally relevant health promotion intervention for increasing early hospital arrival after stroke.

Methods: The study employed a qualitative design, using focus groups with African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic adults in two Chicago community areas. The study relied heavily on stakeholder input in creating the focus group guide, recruiting participants, and interpreting the analysis.

Economic Factors Impacting Food Allergen Management: Perspectives from the Food Industry.

Food allergies affect up to 8% of children in the United States and may occasionally lead to severe life-threatening reactions. Because there is currently no cure for food allergies, strict avoidance of the allergen-containing foods is the only means of preventing an allergic reaction. Consumers rely on food manufacturers to reliably track and declare the presence of food allergens in products.

Salivary Gland Secretory Carcinoma With High-Grade Transformation, CDKN2A/B Loss, Distant Metastasis, and Lack of Sustained Response to Crizotinib.

Background: Salivary gland secretory carcinoma is usually a low-grade neoplasm. However, high-grade transformation can occur and has important implications for clinical outcome.

Methods: A patient presented with an enlarging buccal mass.

Decoupling the Wrist: A Cadaveric Experiment Examining Wrist Kinematics Following Midcarpal Fusion and Scaphoid Excision.

At the wrist, kinematic coupling (the relationship between flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation) facilitates function. Although the midcarpal joint is critical for kinematic coupling, many surgeries, such as 4-corner fusion (4CF) and scaphoidexcision 4-corner fusion (SE4CF), modify the midcarpal joint. This study examines how 4CF and SE4CF influence kinematic coupling by quantifying wrist axes of rotation.

Identification of Four Novel Loci in Asthma in European American and African American Populations.

Rationale: Despite significant advances in knowledge of the genetic architecture of asthma, specific contributors to the variability in the burden between populations remain uncovered.

Objectives: To identify additional genetic susceptibility factors of asthma in European American and African American populations.

Methods: A phenotyping algorithm mining electronic medical records was developed and validated to recruit cases with asthma and control subjects from the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics network.

Fluoroquinolone-associated tendon-rupture: a summary of reports in the Food and Drug Administration's adverse event reporting system.

Objective: To review and summarize reports of tendon rupture associated with each fluoroquinolone (FQ) currently marketed in the United States (US), as reported to the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: FAERS data were reviewed for reports of tendon rupture associated with each FQ from their respective approval date through September 2012. Disproportional reporting signal detection was estimated using empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Breast cancer and immunology: biomarker and therapeutic developments.

While breast cancer has not historically been considered an immunogenic cancer, recent data demonstrating the powerful anti-cancer effects of immune checkpoints in many cancers, including breast cancer, has reinvigorated the field. Although the responses are generally low with single agents, some patients experience disease control for a long period of time. Selecting appropriate patients for immunotherapy is an important area of research, and many biomarkers are under investigation.

Targeted therapy and promising novel agents for the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas.

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare and difficult to treat malignancy. Efforts to utilize targeted therapy have been ongoing for the last decade and have resulted in the approval of pazopanib for treatment of advanced disease. Although several other agents have been investigated, the inability to predict responses remains a limiting factor to the incorporation of these agents into treatment.

Lactobezoar formation in two premature infants receiving medium-chain triglyceride formula.

We describe two cases of premature infants who developed clinical and radiologic evidence of gastric lactobezoars within the same month in our neonatal intensive care unit while both were receiving medium-chain triglyceride-rich formula as part of the management of chylothoraces.