The Feasibility of an Experimental Hypobaric Simulation to Evaluate the Safety of Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery Systems in Flight-Related Atmospheric Pressure Changes.

Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems remain underexplored within aviation, and as atmospheric pressure changes can independently affect insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring readings, this preliminary study assessed the feasibility of HCL safety evaluation, in both fasting and post-prandial states, by using hypobaric chamber to simulate flights. Participants with type 1 diabetes and on HCL were studied: Medtronic Guardian 4-Medtronic 780G-SmartGuard ( = 4), Dexcom G6-Omnipod DASH-Android APS ( = 1), and Dexcom G6-Ypsomed Pump-CamAPS ( = 1). Flight cabin pressures of 550 mmHg and 750 mmHg were simulated in a hypobaric chamber.

Uptake of Digital Health Interventions for Cardiometabolic Disease in British South Asian Individuals: Think Aloud Study.

Background: Digital health interventions (DHIs) could support prevention and management of cardiometabolic disease. However, those who may benefit most often experience barriers to awareness and adoption of these interventions.

Objective: Among South Asian individuals, we evaluated user experience of DHIs for prevention and management of cardiometabolic disease, aiming to understand barriers and facilitators to initial and ongoing use.

Redefining the Symphony of Light Aromatic Synthesis Beyond Fossil Fuels: A Journey Navigating through a Fe-Based/HZSM-5 Tandem Route for Syngas Conversion.

The escalating concerns about traditional reliance on fossil fuels and environmental issues associated with their exploitation have spurred efforts to explore eco-friendly alternative processes. Since then, in an era where the imperative for renewable practices is paramount, the aromatic synthesis industry has embarked on a journey to diversify its feedstock portfolio, offering a transformative pathway toward carbon neutrality stewardship. This Review delves into the dynamic landscape of aromatic synthesis, elucidating the pivotal role of renewable resources through syngas/CO utilization in reshaping the industry's net-zero carbon narrative.

A scoping review of well-being measures: conceptualisation and scales for overall well-being.

This study aims to identify the conceptualisation of overall well-being used for well-being assessment through a review of the characteristics and key components and/or dimensions of well-being scales as presented in current literature. Scopus and Web of Science were searched, and thematic analysis was conducted inductively to analyse the identified components within scales, as well as the types of well-being these scales measure. 107 peer-reviewed articles from 2003 to 2022 were included, and 69 well-being scales were identified covering nine areas of well-being.

The effect of laboratory diet and feeding on growth parameters in juvenile zebrafish.

Despite being one of the most used laboratory species in biomedical, behavioral and physiological research, the nutritional requirements of zebrafish (Danio rerio) are poorly understood, and no standardized laboratory diet exists. Diet and feeding regimen can substantially impact the welfare of the fish and, in turn, experimental reproducibility. Consequently, the establishment of a standardized diet and feeding protocol for laboratory zebrafish is imperative to enhance animal welfare, guarantee research reproducibility and advance the economic and environmental sustainability of laboratory dietary practices.

The Relation of Diabetes Complications to a New Interpretation of Glycaemic Variability from Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People with Type 1 Diabetes.

Introduction: Microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D) may be linked to endothelial stress due to glycaemic variability. Continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs) provide new opportunities to quantify this variability, utilising the amplitude of glucose change summated over time. The aim of this study was to examine whether this determination of glucose variability (GV) is associated with microvascular clinical sequelae.

The British Sleep Society position statement on Daylight Saving Time in the UK.

There is an ongoing debate in the United Kingdom and in other countries about whether twice-yearly changes into and out of Daylight Saving Time should be abolished. Opinions are divided about whether any abolition of Daylight Saving Time should result in permanent Standard Time, or year-long Daylight Saving Time. The British Sleep Society concludes from the available scientific evidence that circadian and sleep health are affected negatively by enforced changes of clock time (especially in a forward direction) and positively by the availability of natural daylight during the morning.

Metabolites derived from gut microbiota mitigate chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.

Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third-leading cause of tumor-related deaths. The gut microbiota has gained attention in cancer treatment, due to its influence on the immune system and drug activity.

Areas Covered: Tintelnot and collaborators highlight distinct gut microbiota composition in metastatic PDAC (mPDAC) patients responding versus non-responding to chemotherapy.

Angular Kinematics at Minimum Toe Clearance in People With Transtibial Amputation Using Articulated and Nonarticulated Prosthesis.

Subjects with unilateral transtibial amputation exhibit altered minimum toe clearance (MTC) depending on the ankle prosthesis used. It has been suggested that a limited prosthetic ankle angle could be the cause of the change. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in kinematics in the joints responsible for the changes in MTC when using an articulating hydraulic ankle (AHA) prosthesis compared to a nonarticulating ankle (NAA) prosthesis.

Poxin-deficient poxviruses are sensed by cGAS prior to genome replication.

Poxviruses are dsDNA viruses infecting a wide range of cell types, where they need to contend with multiple host antiviral pathways, including DNA and RNA sensing. Accordingly, poxviruses encode a variety of immune antagonists, most of which are expressed early during infection from within virus cores before uncoating and genome release take place. Amongst these antagonists, the poxvirus immune nuclease (poxin) counteracts the cyclic 2'3'-GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes DNA sensing pathway by degrading the immunomodulatory cyclic dinucleotide 2'3'-cGAMP, the product of activated cGAS.

Evaluating the benefits of urban green infrastructure: Methods, indicators, and gaps.

Green infrastructure (GI) offers a promising solution for mitigating the adverse effects of climate change, but evaluating its effectiveness necessitates a comprehensive understanding of how that has been quantified in the literature. This study aims to review the methods (monitoring, remote sensing, and modelling) employed to assess the effectiveness of GI in urban areas for three ecosystem services: heat mitigation (cooling of air temperature), thermal comfort control, and air quality mitigation. The objectives include evaluating the suitability of these approaches across diverse scales, categorising the essential parameters, and identifying the strengths and limitations inherent in each method.

Polyomavirus surveillance in cetaceans of Brazil: first detection of polyomavirus in Guiana dolphins ().

Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are small double-stranded DNA viruses able to infect species across all vertebrate taxa. In cetaceans, PyVs have been reported only in short-beaked common dolphin (), common bottlenose dolphin () and killer whale (). Herein, we surveyed PyV in 119 cetaceans (29 mysticetes and 90 odontocetes) stranded along the Brazilian coast, from 2002 to 2022, comprising 18 species.

The relationship between self-reported interoception and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Interoception, the processing of internal bodily sensations, is associated with various mental health conditions. In particular, anxiety is often considered to be the prototypical interoceptive disorder. However, empirical evidence is mixed, with meta-analytic work reporting no relationship between anxiety and cardiac interoceptive accuracy.

Bioavailability of mango (poly)phenols: An evaluation of the impact of the colon, and phenylalanine and tyrosine on the production of phenolic catabolites.

A mango pulp purée was ingested by ileostomists, whose colon had been removed surgically, and subjects with a full gastrointestinal (GI) tract, after which ileal fluid, urine and feces were collected over a 24 h period and analysed by UHPLC-HR-MS. The main (poly)phenols in the purée were gallotannins (356 μmol) and two hydroxy-methoxy-cinnamoyl glucose esters (43 μmol) together with the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine (22 μmol) and tyrosine (209 μmol). Analysis of ileal fluid revealed almost all the ingested gallotannins appeared to have broken down in the upper GI tract with the released benzoic acids being rapidly absorbed into the circulatory system prior to urinary excretion mainly as phase-2 metabolites.

Single cell-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SC-ICP-MS) reveals metallic heterogeneity in a macrophage model of infectious diseases.

Single cell-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SC-ICP-MS) offers an attractive option for rapidly measuring trace metal heterogeneity at the single cell level. Chemical fixation has been previously applied to mammalian cells prior to sample introduction so that they can be resuspended in a solution suitable for SC-ICP-MS. However, the effect of fixation on the elemental composition of suspended cells is unknown, and robust methodologies are urgently needed so that the community can measure the effects of intracellular pathogens on elemental composition of their host cells.

Hydrogel-based fluorescence assay kit for simultaneous determination of ceftazidime and avibactam.

Monitoring the concentration of antibiotics rapidly and cost-effectively is crucial for accurate clinical medication and timely identification of drug-induced illnesses. Here, we constructed a novel fluorescent assay kit to monitor Zavicefta, an effective antibiotic composed of avibactam (AVI) and ceftazidime (CFZ) to treat carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria infections. AVI can emit fluorescence, but CFZ cannot.

A double ttrA and pduA knock-out mutant of Salmonella Typhimurium is not attenuated for mice (Mus musculus).

Despite numerous studies on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, the underlying mechanisms of several aspects of its virulence are still under investigation, including the role of the pdu and ttrA genes, associated with the metabolism of 1,2-propanediol using tetrathionate as an electron acceptor respectively. Our objective was to contribute to an understanding of the role of these genes inbacterial virulence for mice (Mus musculus) using an S.

Patient and family aftercare enhance interactions between Helicopter Emergency Medicine Services and former patients and families.

Background: Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) in the United Kingdom (UK) deliver enhanced care to high-acuity, critically ill and injured patients. To enable patients to meet the HEMS team who treated them, many services within the UK have developed or are in the process of developing a Patient and Family Aftercare Service (PFAS). This study aims to evaluate whether the introduction of PFAS mitigates anxiety associated with patient aftercare visits.

Decoding androgen receptor signalling: Genomic vs. non-genomic roles in prostate cancer.

The Androgen receptor (AR) is known to manifest the biological actions of male sex hormones. Androgens are now known to exert a multitude of responses, sometimes contrasting, in physiological and pathological conditions. Several groups have attempted to explain the underlying mechanisms of these varying androgen responses, including the non-genomic actions of androgens.

The Role of Hydrogen in ReRAM.

Previous research on transistor gate oxides reveals a clear link between hydrogen content and oxide breakdown. This has implications for redox-based resistive random access memory (ReRAM) devices, which exploit soft, reversible, dielectric breakdown, as hydrogen is often not considered in modeling or measured experimentally. Here quantitative measurements, corroborated across multiple techniques are reported, that reveal ReRAM devices, whether manufactured in a university setting or research foundry, contain concentrations of hydrogen at levels likely to impact resistance switching behavior.