Human milk fortification with differing amounts of fortifier and its association with growth and metabolic responses in preterm infants.

Background: Fortification of human milk (HM) is a common clinical practice to adapt breast milk to the nutritional needs of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. The optimal method for HM fortification remains to be determined, and a variety of protocols are currently used in neonatal intensive care units.

Objective: It is believed that standard fortification is insufficient to meet the needs of VLBW infants.