Gender diversity in United States neurosurgery training programs.

Objective: Neurosurgery continues to be one of the medical specialties with the lowest representation of females in both the resident and faculty workforce. Currently, there are limited available data on the gender distribution of faculty and residents in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited neurosurgery training programs. This information is critical to accurately measure the results of any effort to improve both the recruitment and retention of women in neurosurgery.

SF-Assemblin genes in : phylogeny and phenotypes of RNAi silencing on the ciliary-striated rootlets and surface organization.

Background: Cilia emanate from basal bodies just underneath the cell membrane. Basal bodies must withstand torque from the ciliary beat and be appropriately spaced for cilia to beat in metachronal waves. Basal body rootlets provide stability for motile cilia.

Eccrine spiradenoma mimicking a painful traumatic neuroma: case report.

Diagnosing and treating patients with persistent neuropathic pain associated with peripheral nerve lesions can be challenging. The authors report the rare case of a painful eccrine spiradenoma treated as a traumatic neuroma for many years because of a history of acute trauma, the presence of a tender palpable mass, and symptoms of allodynia. Surgical excision of the neoplasm completely relieved the pain and hypersensitivity that 2 prior surgeries and other nonsurgical treatments failed to resolve.

The comparative importance for optimal climate policy of discounting, inequalities and catastrophes.

Integrated assessment models (IAMs) of climate and the economy provide estimates of the social cost of carbon and inform climate policy. With the Nested Inequalities Climate Economy model (NICE) (Dennig et al. PNAS 112:15,827-15,832, 2015), which is based on Nordhaus's Regional Integrated Model of Climate and the Economy (RICE), but also includes inequalities within regions, we investigate the comparative importance of several factors-namely, time preference, inequality aversion, intraregional inequalities in the distribution of both damage and mitigation cost and the damage function.

Multiple in-hospital resuscitation efforts in the elderly.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics and survival rates of patients receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation more than once during a single hospitalization.

Design: We analyzed inpatient Medicare data from 1992 to 2005 identifying beneficiaries 65 years old and older who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation more than once during the same hospitalization.

Measurements: We examined patient and hospital characteristics, survival to hospital discharge, factors associated with survival to discharge, median survival, and discharge disposition.

The relationship of a family history for hypertension, myocardial infarction, or stroke with cardiovascular physiology in young women.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and preeclampsia share several pathophysiologic risk factors. We examined family history (FH) and physiologic status in 60 healthy, nulliparous women to determine the relationship between FH and known risk factors for CVD. Data are presented as mean ± standard error (SE).

Perceived social acceptance and peer status differentially predict adjustment in youth with and without ADHD.

Objective: This study extends previous research and examined if the longitudinal relation between self-perceived social acceptance and changes in adjustment was moderated by peer status and ADHD diagnosis.

Method: A sample of children with ADHD and a normative comparison group (age 8-13 years) were assessed at baseline and one-year follow-up. Self-perceived social acceptance, peer status, and three areas of adjustment (depression symptoms, aggression/conduct problems, and social skills) were measured.