Lipid-mediated resolution of inflammation and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Neuroinflammation impacts on the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Specialized pro-resolving mediators trigger the resolution of inflammation. We investigate the specialized pro-resolving mediator blood profile and their receptors' expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to survival in ALS.

Know your brain aging to know your resilience in neurodegenerative diseases.

This scientific commentary refers to 'Brain aging rejuvenation factors in adults with genetic and sporadic neurodegenerative disease', by Casaletto . (https://doi.org/10.

Camera-on-tip endoscope for cardiovascular diagnostics and surgical guidance.

Cardiovascular imaging with camera-on-tip endoscopes has the potential to provide physiologically relevant data on the tissue state and device placement that can improve clinical outcomes. In this work, we review the unmet clinical need for image-based cardiovascular diagnostics and guidance for minimally invasive procedures. We present a 7 Fr camera-on-tip endoscope with fibre-coupled multispectral illumination that includes methods for imaging in a blood-filled field of view (FOV).

Global Review of Tools Evaluating Quality of Life in Cervical Cancer Survivors Treated With Chemoradiation Therapy.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to identify and compare tools used to evaluate quality of life (QoL) after pelvic radiation for cervical cancer and to describe variations in results within commonly used instruments. This review hypothesized regional preferences in the selection of these tools and an absence of uniformity in their application globally.

Methods And Materials: A comprehensive search of 6 databases was conducted between the inception of each included database and June 14, 2023, focusing on studies evaluating the QoL of patients with cervical cancer during and after radiation.

Maternal Well-Being and Child Appetitive Traits at 5 Years Old: Findings from the ROLO Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study.

Maternal depression has been linked with increased risk of childhood obesity. Furthermore, maternal negative affectivity in early childhood has been associated with food fussiness. We explored the relationship between longitudinal maternal well-being mid-pregnancy, at 2 years and 5 years postpartum and children's appetitive traits at 5 years of age.

Ethnicity in systemic AL amyloidosis may impact risk stratification.

Not available.

The impact of body mass index on mortality according to age in hemodialysis patients: an analysis of the Korean Renal Data System.

The impact of age on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients is not clearly understood. We analyzed the association between BMI and all-cause mortality, stratified by age, in patients undergoing HD using data from the Korean Renal Data System (KORDS). We analyzed 66,129 HD patients from the 2023 KORDS database, with data collected between 2001 and 2022.

Safety of direct oral anticoagulants in hemodialysis patients with venous thromboembolism: an analysis using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Background: Limited data exist regarding the safety of direct oral anticoagulants in hemodialysis patients with venous thromboembolic disease. This study aims to investigate the safety of direct oral anticoagulants in hemodialysis patients using national data.

Methods: The National Health Insurance Service database was retrospectively queried to identify chronic kidney disease patients who took direct oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism from 2008 to 2019.

Validation of an acute kidney injury prediction model as a clinical decision support system.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical clinical condition that requires immediate intervention. We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model called PRIME Solution to predict AKI and evaluated its ability to enhance clinicians' predictions.

Methods: The PRIME Solution was developed using convolutional neural networks with residual blocks on 183,221 inpatient admissions from a tertiary hospital (2013-2017) and externally validated with 4,501 admissions at another tertiary hospital (2020-2021).

Constipation and risk of death and cardiovascular events in patients on hemodialysis.

Background: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder and is often accompanied by alteration in the gut microbiota. Recently, several studies have disclosed its association with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the general population. Despite the high prevalence of constipation, data on the clinical impact of constipation in patients with chronic kidney disease are limited.

Stimulate to Remember? The Effects of Short Burst of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) on Memory Performance and Pupil Dilation.

The decline in noradrenergic (NE) locus coeruleus (LC) function in aging is thought to be implicated in episodic memory decline. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), which supports LC function, might serve to preserve or improve memory function in aging. However, taVNS effects are generally very heterogeneous, and it is currently unclear whether taVNS has an effect on memory.

Professional biobanking education in Korea based on ISO 20387.

To ensure high-quality bioresources and standardize biobanks, there is an urgent need to develop and disseminate educational training programs in accordance with ISO 20387, which was developed in 2018. The standardization of biobank education programs is also required to train biobank experts. The subdivision of categories and levels of education is necessary for jobs such as operations manager (bank president), quality manager, practitioner, and administrator.

A novel machine learning model for screening the risk of obstructive sleep apnea using craniofacial photography with questionnaires.

Study Objectives: Undiagnosed or untreated moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases cardiovascular risks and mortality. Early and efficient detection is critical, given its high prevalence. We aimed to develop a practical and efficient approach for obstructive sleep apnea screening, using simple facial photography and sleep questionnaires.

Dual-protein system composed of soy protein and β-lactoglobulin: effect of transglutaminase-mediated crosslinking on its allergenicity and conformation.

Background: The escalating global prevalence of food allergies has intensified the need for hypoallergenic food products. Transglutaminase (TGase)-mediated crosslinking has garnered significant attention for its potential to reduce the allergenicity of food proteins. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TGase crosslinking on the potential allergenicity and conformational changes in a dual-protein system composed of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) and soy protein isolate (SPI) at varying mass ratios (10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7 and 0:10 (w/w)).

Precision Psychobiotics for Gut-Brain Axis Health: Advancing the Discovery Pipelines to Deliver Mechanistic Pathways and Proven Health Efficacy.

Advancing microbiome-gut-brain axis science requires systematic, rational and translational approaches to bridge the critical knowledge gaps currently preventing full exploitation of the gut microbiome as a tractable therapeutic target for gastrointestinal, mental and brain health. Current research is still marked by many open questions that undermine widespread application to humans. For example, the lack of mechanistic understanding of probiotic effects means it remains unclear why even apparently closely related strains exhibit different effects in vivo.

Experiences of receiving formal psychological support following lower limb amputation: a qualitative study.

Purpose: This study sought to explore the experiences of receiving formal psychological support following non-vascular-related lower limb amputation.

Materials And Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five individuals (3 males, 2 females, aged 38-56) with lower limb loss. Two had unilateral above knee amputations, one a unilateral below knee amputation, one a unilateral through-knee amputation, and one had bilateral above knee amputations.

First-line pembrolizumab-axitinib versus sunitinib in metastatic RCC: subgroup analysis of patients enrolled in the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 in Eastern Asia.

Background: The phase 3 open-label KEYNOTE-426 study demonstrated that first-line pembrolizumab plus axitinib improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) versus sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in a global population. This subgroup analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab-axitinib versus sunitinib in patients enrolled in KEYNOTE-426 in East Asia (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan).

Methods: Adults with clear cell mRCC were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive intravenous pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks with oral axitinib 5 mg twice daily or oral sunitinib 50 mg once daily (4 weeks on/2 weeks off).

Choroid plexus-targeted viral gene therapy for alpha-mannosidosis, a prototypical neurometabolic lysosomal storage disease.

The choroid plexuses (CP) are highly vascularized structures that project into the ventricles of the vertebrate brain. The polarized epithelia of the CP produce cerebrospinal fluid by transporting water and ions into the ventricles from the blood and normally secrete a large number of proteins. We assessed the feasibility of selective CP transduction with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) gene therapy vectors for treatment of lysosomal storage disease (LSD), a broad category of neurometabolic illness associated with significant burdens to affected patients and their families.

Barriers to and enablers of modifying diet after metabolic bariatric surgery: A systematic review of published literature.

This is a qualitative systematic review in which we investigated barriers and enablers influencing dietary behavior change after metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS). Database searches retrieved publications reporting perceived factors influencing dietary behavior change post-MBS. Data (quotes, survey results, interpretative summaries) were extracted and analyzed using combined deductive and inductive thematic analyses.

A Theoretically Informed Process Evaluation in Parallel to a Feasibility Study of a Complex Oral Health Intervention Using NICE Guidelines in a Care Home Setting.

Background: A theoretically informed process evaluation was undertaken in parallel to a study examining the feasibility of an oral health intervention based on an existing guideline for care homes. The objectives were to explore the factors that influenced the implementation of the intervention in order to understand the potential pathway to impact. The research team initially utilised Pfadenhauer et al.

Cross-agency working when conducting a pragmatic RCT for older victims of crime: our experiences and lessons learned.

Background: With the population ageing, more victims of community crime are likely to be older adults. The psychological impact of crime on older victims is significant and sustained, but only feasibility trials have been published regarding potential interventions. The integration of public health and care services and cross-agency working is recommended, but there is little information on how this should be undertaken.

Interpreting positive celiac serology in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: The association of celiac disease (CD) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is well-established, yet variation exists in screening practices. This study measures the accuracy of early screening with tissue transglutaminase Immunoglobulin A (TTG-IgA) and endomysial antibody (EMA) in newly diagnosed T1DM.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of children with T1DM between 2013 and 2019 with early CD screening and follow-up.