Cognitive function in people with and without freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.

Freezing of gait (FOG) is common in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) which is extremely debilitating. One hypothesis for the cause of FOG episodes is impaired cognitive control, however, this is still in debate in the literature. We aimed to assess a comprehensive range of cognitive tests in older adults and people with Parkinson's with and without FOG and associate FOG severity with cognitive performance.

Unmet needs in ankylosing spondylitis patients receiving tumour necrosis factor inhibitor therapy; results from a large multinational real-world study.

Background: Symptoms and comorbidities of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) considerably reduce health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and ability to work. This real-world study assessed rates of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) use and switching, treatment failure, and associations between failing TNFi and HRQoL, work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI).

Methods: AS patients and their treating physicians completed questionnaires capturing patient demographics, clinical status, TNFi treatment history, reasons for switching TNFi, HRQoL and WPAI.

Firefighters Have a Higher Incidence of Trochlear Chondral Lesions than the Normal Population.

Background: Firefighters' knees are subjected to significant dynamic and static forces, resulting in increased knee complaints and a higher relative risk of osteoarthrosis, compared with aged-matched office workers. Firefighters wear or carry a total of 80 to 100 lbs. of gear while performing intensive physical activity.

Postdischarge Care of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury in Argentina: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To develop, in partnership with families of children with traumatic brain injury, a postdischarge intervention that is effective, simple, and sustainable.

Design: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Setting: Seven Level 1 Pediatric Trauma Centers in Argentina.

Consumer detection and acceptability of reduced-sodium bread.

Objective: Bread is the largest contributor of Na to the American diet and excess Na consumption contributes to premature death and disability. We sought to determine the Na level at which consumers could detect a difference between reduced-Na bread and bread with typical Na content, and to determine if consumer sensory acceptability and purchase intent differed between reduced-Na bread and bread with typical Na content.

Design: Difference testing measured ability to detect differences in control bread and reduced-Na bread using two-alternative forced choice testing.

Homebirth transfers in the United States: narratives of risk, fear, and mutual accommodation.

The purpose of this study was to explore the contested space of home-to-hospital transfers that occur during labor or in the immediate postpartum period, as a means of identifying the mechanisms that maintain philosophical and practice divides between homebirth midwives and hospital-based clinicians in the United States. Using data collected from open-ended, semistructured interviews, participant observation, and reciprocal ethnography, we identified six key themes-three from each provider type. Collectively, providers' narratives illuminate the central stressors that characterize home-to-hospital transfers, and from these, we identify three larger sociopolitical mechanisms that we argue are functioning to maintain fractured articulations at the time of transfer.

Brain-computer interface with language model-electroencephalography fusion for locked-in syndrome.

Background: Some noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) systems are currently available for locked-in syndrome (LIS) but none have incorporated a statistical language model during text generation.

Objective: To begin to address the communication needs of individuals with LIS using a noninvasive BCI that involves rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of symbols and a unique classifier with electroencephalography (EEG) and language model fusion.

Methods: The RSVP Keyboard was developed with several unique features.

Digital video technology and production 101: lights, camera, action.

Videos are powerful tools for enhancing the reach and effectiveness of health promotion programs. They can be used for program promotion and recruitment, for training program implementation staff/volunteers, and as elements of an intervention. Although certain brief videos may be produced without technical assistance, others often require collaboration and contracting with professional videographers.

Psychosocial correlates of physical and sedentary activities of early adolescent youth.

This study examines physical and sedentary activities of early adolescent boys and girls using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), a method that can link mood and behaviors in specific social situations. Twenty-seven assessments were collected across 7 days from 82 participating adolescents, three times in seventh grade and one time in eighth grade. Assessments were completed during nonschool hours when youth had "free time.

Motivating factors for small and midsized businesses to implement worksite health promotion.

Objective: This study explores the decision-making process, including motivating factors, for small and midsized businesses in the Midwest to implement health promotion initiatives.

Method: This a replication of a study conducted in the Pacific Northwest. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with key informants from 12 Midwestern metropolitan employers with fewer than 1,000 employees.