Frontal Alpha Asymmetry in Children with Trauma Exposure.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate differences in frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) between children (5-17 years) with or without histories of trauma exposure. EEG data were obtained from 165 children who participated in the Healthy Brain Network Initiative during rest with eyes open and closed. FAA during resting-state electroencephalography was significantly more negative in the trauma-exposed group, suggesting greater left lateralized FAA and avoidance-oriented motivation.

Six new species of spider beetles (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) in the genus Cordielytrum Philips.

Six new species of spider beetle are described from southwestern Peru: Cordielytrum silvae, sp. n., C.

Computational modeling of RNase, antisense ORF0 RNA, and intracellular compartmentation and their impact on the life cycle of the line retrotransposon.

Nearly half of the human genome is occupied by repetitive sequences of ancient virus-like genetic elements. The largest class, comprising 17% of the genome, belong to the type 1 Long INterspersed Elements (LINE-1) and are the only class capable of autonomous propagation in the genome. When epigenetic silencing mechanisms of LINE-1 fail, the proteins encoded by LINE-1 engage in reverse transcription to make new copies of their own or other DNAs that are pasted back into the genome.

Effects of an expert-modeled attentional focus cue structure on skilled jump rope performance and learning.

Instructions that direct attention externally have been shown to enhance motor performance. However, research on skilled performers and on learning effects has produced some distinct findings. Further, many studies have presented an overly simplistic view of attention and learning, such that all-internal focus protocols are contrasted with all-external focus protocols.

Advances in Cancer Therapeutics: Conventional Thermal Therapy to Nanotechnology-Based Photothermal Therapy.

In this review, advancement in cancer therapy that shows a transition from conventional thermal therapies to laser-based photothermal therapies is discussed. Laser-based photothermal therapies are gaining popularity in cancer therapeutics due to their overall outcomes. In photothermal therapy, light is converted into heat to destruct the various types of cancerous growth.

Single-bicycle crashes: An in-depth analysis of self-reported crashes and estimation of attributable hospital cost.

Cyclists' awareness of their risk of single-bicycle crashes is limited. Thus, knowledge of the most common contributory factors of single-bicycle crashes is required. Similarly, single-bicycle crashes and their costs to society are under-recognized by the public.

Examining crash injury severity and barrier-hit outcomes from cable barriers and strong-post guardrails on Alabama's interstate highways.

Introduction: This study investigates the impact of several risk factors (i.e., roadway, driver, vehicle, environmental, and barrier-specific characteristics) on the injury severity resulting from barrier-related crashes and also on barrier-hit outcomes (i.

An in-depth analysis of self-reported cycling injuries in single and multiparty bicycle crashes in Denmark.

Introduction: Cycling is one of the main forms of transportation in Denmark. However, while the number of traffic crash fatalities in the country has decreased over the past decade, the frequency of cyclists killed or seriously injured has increased. The high rate of serious injuries and fatalities associated with cycling emphasizes the increasing need for mitigating the severity of such crashes.

Characterization of a Novel Nanocomposite Film Based on Functionalized Chitosan-Pt-FeO Hybrid Nanoparticles.

The development of organic-inorganic hybrids or nanocomposite films is increasingly becoming attractive in light of their emerging applications. This research focuses on the formation of a unique nanocomposite film with enhanced elasticity suitable for many biomedical applications. The physical property measurement system and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze Pt-FeO hybrid nanoparticles.

Extreme Morphology, Functional Trade-offs, and Evolutionary Dynamics in a Clade of Open-Ocean Fishes (Perciformes: Bramidae).

When novel or extreme morphologies arise, they are oft met with the burden of functional trade-offs in other aspects of anatomy, which may limit phenotypic diversification and make particular adaptive peaks inaccessible. Bramids (Perciformes: Bramidae) comprise a small family of 20 extant species of fishes, which are distributed throughout pelagic waters worldwide. Within the Bramidae, the fanfishes ( and ) differ morphologically from the generally stout, laterally compressed species that typify the family.

Mental Component Score (MCS) from Health-Related Quality of Life Predicts Incidence of Dementia in U.S. Males.

Background: The Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short Form 36 health survey (SF-36) measures health-related quality of life (HRQoL) from the individual's point of view and is an indicator of overall health status.

Objective: To examine whether HRQoL shows differential changes over time prior to dementia onset and investigate whether HRQoL predicts incidence of dementia.

Design: Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) by Vitamin E and Selenium (PREADViSE) trial, which recruited 7,547 non-demented men between 2002 and 2009.

Prolotherapy agent P2G is associated with upregulation of fibroblast growth factor-2 genetic expression in vitro.

Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent, progressively degenerative disease. Researchers have rigorously documented clinical improvement in participants receiving prolotherapy for OA. The mechanism of action is unknown; therefore, basic science studies are required.

Visible light generation of high-valent metal-oxo intermediates and mechanistic insights into catalytic oxidations.

High-valent metal-oxo complexes play central roles as active oxygen atom transfer (OAT) agents in many enzymatic and synthetic oxidation catalysis. This review focuses on our recent advances in application of photochemical approaches to probe the oxidizing metal-oxo species with different metals and macrocyclic ligands. Under visible light irradiation, a variety of important metal-oxo species including iron-oxo porphyrins, manganese-oxo porphyrin/corroles, ruthenium-oxo porphyrins, and chromium-oxo salens have been successfully generated.

Aging and haptic shape discrimination: the effects of variations in size.

Seventy-two older and younger adults haptically discriminated the solid shape of natural objects (bell peppers, Capsicum annuum). Plastic copies of the original-sized fruits were used as experimental stimuli, as well as copies that were reduced in size to 1/8th and 1/27th of the original object volumes. If haptic object shape is represented in a part-based manner, then haptic shape discrimination performance should be at least partly size invariant, since changes only in scale do not affect an object's constituent parts.

Developing Bicycle-Vehicle Crash-Specific Safety Performance Functions in Alabama Using Different Techniques.

This study develops bicycle-vehicle safety performance functions (SPFs) for five facilities in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM). These are urban two-lane undivided segments (U2U), urban four-lane divided/undivided segments (U4DU), rural two-lane undivided segments (R2U), urban four-leg and three-leg signalized intersections (USG), and urban four-leg and three-leg stop-controlled intersections (UST). Two modeling techniques were explored, the Conway-Maxwell-Poisson (COM-Poisson) model (to accommodate bicycle-vehicle crash under-dispersion) and a machine learning technique, the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS).

Predicting School Suspension Risk from Eighth through Tenth Grade Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

The current study examined (1) if the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) would yield alternative factor structures related to either symptoms or strengths with early adolescent students when an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is used; (2) which scales best predicted suspensions of typically developing early adolescents; and (3) what cut-off scores were useful for identifying youth at risk for suspensions. The current study included 321 parent-student dyads, who were followed from the middle of eighth grade until the end of tenth grade. A symptoms-based EFA yielded three factors: Misbehavior, Isolation, and Agitation.

A new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera, Ptinidae) from western Peru.

A new genus of flightless spider beetle from Peru with two new species is described. It is characterized by unique heart-shaped fused elytra and a broad pronotum with five basal depressions. The characters of this new genus and species are illustrated and discussed and the possible phylogenetic placement of this taxon is also included.

Electrochemically Desulfurized Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS₂) and Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel Composites as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution.

Recent developments in graphene related materials including molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is gaining popularity as efficient and cost-effective nanoscale electrocatalyst essential for hydrogen production. These "clean" energy technologies require delicate control over geometric, morphological, chemical and electronic structure affecting physical and electrochemical catalytic properties. In this work, we prepared three-dimensional hierarchical mesoporous aerogels consisting of two-dimensional functionalized graphene and MoS₂ nanosheets of varying ratio of components under hydrothermal-solvothermal conditions ( <20 bar, <200 °C).

Formation and kinetic studies of manganese(IV)-oxo porphyrins: Oxygen atom transfer mechanism of sulfide oxidations.

Visible light irradiation of photo-labile porphyrin-manganese(III) chlorates or bromates (2) produced manganese(IV)-oxo porphyrins [Mn(Por)(O)] (Por = porphyrin) (3) in three porphyrin ligands. The same oxo species 3 were also formed by chemical oxidation of the corresponding manganese(III) precursors (1) with iodobenzene diacetate, i.e.

Bis(imino)pyridine iron complexes for catalytic carbene transfer reactions.

The bis(imino)pyridine iron complex, for the first time, is developed as an effective metal carbene catalyst for carbene transfer reactions of donor-acceptor diazo compounds. Its broad catalytic capability is demonstrated by a range of metal carbene reactions, from cyclopropanation, cyclopropenation, epoxidation, and Doyle-Kirmse reaction to O-H insertion, N-H insertion, and C-H insertion reactions. The asymmetric cyclopropanation of styrene and methyl phenyldiazoacetate was successfully achieved by the new chiral bis(imino)pyridine iron catalyst, which delivers a new gateway for the development of chiral iron catalysis for metal carbene reactions.

Anti-Cancer and Ototoxicity Characteristics of the Curcuminoids, CLEFMA and EF24, in Combination with Cisplatin.

In this study, we investigated whether the curcuminoids, CLEFMA and EF24, improved cisplatin efficacy and reduced cisplatin ototoxicity. We used the lung cancer cell line, A549, to determine the effects of the curcuminoids and cisplatin on cell viability and several apoptotic signaling mechanisms. Cellular viability was measured using the MTT assay.