Aging and the visual perception of rigid and nonrigid motion.

Nonrigid forms of motion are commonplace in everyday life. Given previously documented age-related deteriorations in various tasks involving motion (discriminating speed, identifying motion direction, etc.), an experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential effect of age upon the visual ability to detect rigid and nonrigid object motion.

Time budgets differ in horses during continuous and space-restricted rotational grazing.

Horses can become obese and develop related health issues such as laminitis from excessive grazing on high-quality pasture grass; limiting pasture intake can allow weight loss to occur. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of space-restricted rotational grazing on body weight (BW) and time budgets in horses. Eight mature geldings and mares with maintenance-only requirements were randomly assigned to either a space-restricted rotational grazing group (SRG; BW 512 ± 6 kg; = 4) or a continuous grazing group (CG; BW 517 ± 49 kg; = 4) for 42 d SRG horses grazed an area with dimensions to provide 80-90 % of mean digestible energy requirement for the 4 horses over a 7-d grazing period; whereas, the CG horses continuously grazed similar non-toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture providing greater than maintenance requirements for the 42 d Horses in the SRG group were moved to a new area every 7 d for 6 weeks.

Carbonic anhydrase-mimicking metal-organic frameworks built from amino acid and cadmium ions.

Built from L-histidine amino acid ligand and cadmium ions, two new 3D chiral metal-organic frameworks, [α-Cd(HIS)] (1) and [β-Cd(HIS)] (2), which contain metal-histidine bonds mimicking the structure features of carbonic anhydrase, demonstrate interesting properties of catalyzing the hydrolysis of -nitrophenylacetate (-NPA) to -nitrophenol (-NP).

Using Concepts of Photovoice to Engage in Discussions Related to Burnout and Wellbeing.

The purpose of this study was to identify essential skills and abilities for mitigating job-related stressors and preventing burnout while also establishing connections between students and community health workers to provide students with a deeper comprehension of the challenges inherent to their future professions. Ten community health workers were interviewed and asked to present photographs that explored sources of burnout and promotions of well-being. The photographs along with quotes were displayed in a gallery style exhibit for students to view and talk with the community health workers and complete a survey.

The visual perception of long outdoor distances.

Many previous studies have investigated visual distance perception, especially for small to moderate distances. Few experiments, however, have evaluated the perception of large distances (e.g.

Impact of real-time weather conditions on crash injury severity in Kentucky using the correlated random parameters logit model with heterogeneity in means.

The present study investigated the impact of real-time weather (air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and solar radiation) on crash injury severity. Recent crash data (January 2016 to April 2021) on Interstate-75 in the state of Kentucky were merged with real-time weather information (retrieved from Kentucky Mesonet stations) at the 1-hour level. The severity index "SI" (i.

Aging and temporal integration in the visual perception of object shape.

It has been known for more than 160 years that highly occluded objects that would normally be visually unrecognizable can be successfully identified when they move. This anorthoscopic perception relies on the visual system's ability to integrate information over time to complete the perception of an entire object's shape. In this experiment, 16 younger and older adults (mean ages were 20.

The role of sexual orientation in the relationships among food insecurity, food literacy, and disordered eating.

LGBTQ young adults are at increased risk for food insecurity and disordered eating behaviors. Food literacy is a related construct that may also impact disordered eating; however, research on these relationships is limited. It is also not well understood if food security and food literacy relate to disordered eating behaviors differently for LGBTQ and heterosexual individuals.

Photochemical generation and reactivity of a new phthalocyanine-manganese-oxo intermediate.

The first phthalocyanine-manganese-oxo intermediate was successfully generated by visible-light photolysis of chlorate or nitrite manganese(III) precursors, and its reactivity towards organic substrates was kinetically probed and compared with other related porphyrin-metal-oxo intermediates.

Review of curriculum-based measurement in mathematics: An update and extension of the literature.

The purpose of this literature review on curriculum-based measurement in mathematics (CBM-M) was to update and extend the Foegen et al. (2007) progress monitoring in mathematics review. We included 99 studies focused on at least one of the three stages of CBM research (i.

Occurrence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in urban karst groundwater systems based on targeted resistome analysis.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis threatening human, animal, and environmental health. The natural environment, specifically water resources, has been recognized as a reservoir and dissemination pathway for AMR; however, urban karst aquifer systems have been overlooked. This is a concern as these aquifer systems provide drinking water to about 10 % of the global population; yet, the urban influence on the resistome in these vulnerable aquifers is sparingly explored.

Models of Classroom Assessment for Course-Based Research Experiences.

Course-based research pedagogy involves positioning students as contributors to authentic research projects as part of an engaging educational experience that promotes their learning and persistence in science. To develop a model for assessing and grading students engaged in this type of learning experience, the assessment aims and practices of a community of experienced course-based research instructors were collected and analyzed. This approach defines four aims of course-based research assessment - 1) Assessing Laboratory Work and Scientific Thinking; 2) Evaluating Mastery of Concepts, Quantitative Thinking and Skills; 3) Appraising Forms of Scientific Communication; and 4) Metacognition of Learning - along with a set of practices for each aim.

From trial to practice: incidence and severity of COVID-19 vaccine side effects in a medically at-risk and vaccine-hesitant community.

Background: The rapid authorization and widespread rollout of COVID-19 vaccines in the United States demonstrated a need for additional data on vaccine side effects, both to provide insight into the range and severity of side effects that might be expected in medically-diverse populations as well as to inform decision-making and combat vaccine hesitancy going forward. Here we report the results of a survey of 4825 individuals from southcentral Kentucky who received two doses of either the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) or Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccine between December 14, 2020 and May 1, 2021. As new versions of the vaccine are rolled-out, local initiatives such as this may offer a means to combat vaccine hesitancy in reference to COVID-19, but are also important as we face new viral threats that will necessitate a rapid vaccine rollout, and to combat a growing public distrust of vaccines in general.

Planning Positive Reinforcement Cycles in Behavior Intervention Plans.

Unlabelled: Behavior analysts partner with educators in schools to support the creation of behavior intervention plans (BIPs). Assessment and intervention planning often focuses on the relational contingencies between the student and their environment, with little attention paid to the relational contingencies contacted by the educator. In this article, we posit that planning should simultaneously include contingencies for both the student and the educator as BIPs are created.

Aging and the detection of moving objects defined by common fate.

Grouping by common fate plays an important role in how human observers perceive environmental objects. In this study, the effect of aging upon the ability to utilize common fate was evaluated. Twenty-two younger and older adults (mean ages were 23.

Aging and the visual perception of object size.

An experiment evaluated the ability of 30 younger and older adults to visually judge object size under three conditions: (1) full cue, (2) in the dark, with linear perspective, and (3) in complete darkness. Each observer made repeated judgments for the same square stimuli (the task was to adjust a separation until it matched the perceived size of the squares), enabling an evaluation of precision as well as accuracy. The judgments were just as accurate in the dark with linear perspective condition as in the full cue condition, indicating that linear perspective serves as an important source of optical information to support the perception of object size).

A pachyderm perfume: odour encodes identity and group membership in African elephants.

Group-living animals that live in complex social systems require effective modes of communication to maintain social cohesion, and several acoustic, olfactory and visual signaling systems have been described. Individuals need to discriminate between in- and out-group odour to both avoid inbreeding and to identify recipients for reciprocal behaviour. The presence of a unique group odour, identified in several social mammals, is a proposed mechanism whereby conspecifics can distinguish group from non-group members.

Kinetics of chromium(V)-oxo and chromium(IV)-oxo porphyrins: Reactivity and mechanism for sulfoxidation reactions.

In this work, chromium(IV)-oxo porphyrins [Cr(Por)(O)] (2) (Por = porphyrin) were produced either by oxidation of [Cr(Por)Cl] (1) with iodobenzene diacetate or visible light photolysis of porphyrin‑chromium(III) chlorates. Subsequent oxidation of 2 with silver perchlorate gave chromium(V)-oxo porphyrins [Cr(Por)(O)](ClO) (3) in three porphyrin ligands, including 5,10,15,20-tetramesitylporphyrin(TMP, a), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,6-difluorophenyl)porphyrin(TDFPP, b), and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (TPFPP, c). Complexes 2 and 3 reacted with thioanisoles to produce the corresponding sulfoxides, and their kinetics of sulfoxidation reactions with a series of aryl methyl sulfides(thioanisoles) were studied in organic solutions.

Comparisons of mental health symptoms, treatment access, and self-harm behaviors in rural adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the lives of adolescents worldwide, and research on the mental health effects are ongoing. Adolescents living in rural areas of the United States were already known to be at a disadvantage in terms of access to mental health services, as well as elevated rates of mental health concerns and self-harm risk. Research on how these factors may have changed since the pandemic began is needed to better understand which areas saw the biggest impact and where we can best direct resources to assist youth.

Prediction of low Apgar score at five minutes following labor induction intervention in vaginal deliveries: machine learning approach for imbalanced data at a tertiary hospital in North Tanzania.

Background: Prediction of low Apgar score for vaginal deliveries following labor induction intervention is critical for improving neonatal health outcomes. We set out to investigate important attributes and train popular machine learning (ML) algorithms to correctly classify neonates with a low Apgar scores from an imbalanced learning perspective.

Methods: We analyzed 7716 induced vaginal deliveries from the electronic birth registry of the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC).

Aging and the perception of tactile speed.

Eighteen younger and older adults (mean ages were 20.4 and 72.8 years, respectively) participated in a tactile speed matching task.

Lagoon, Anaerobic Digestion, and Composting of Animal Manure Treatments Impact on Tetracycline Resistance Genes.

Increased demand for animal protein is met by increased food animal production resulting in large quantities of manure. Animal producers, therefore, need sustainable agricultural practices to protect environmental health. Large quantities of antimicrobials are used in commercial food animal production.