Wrist position sense acuity and its relation to motor dysfunction in children with developmental coordination disorder.

This study obtained objective measures of wrist position sense to verify that children with DCD have proprioceptive deficits. In addition, it examined the relationship of wrist proprioceptive impairment with fine motor and balance function. Twenty children with DCD and thirty typically developing children (TD) aged 10-11 years old were recruited and screened using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2).

Effects of Physical Activity on Motor Skills and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This study synthesized literature concerning casual evidence of effects of various physical activity programs on motor skills and cognitive development in typically developed preschool children.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched through July 2017. Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effectiveness of physical activity on motor skills and cognitive development in healthy young children (4-6 years) were screened.

The effect of sleep pattern changes on postpartum depressive symptoms.

Background: Research indicates that poor sleep is associated with postpartum depression; however, little is known regarding this relationship among postpartum women who are at high for postpartum depression. This study examined the relationship between changes in self-reported sleep patterns (from six weeks to seven months postpartum) and depressive symptoms at seven months postpartum among women who were at high risk for postpartum depression.

Methods: Participants (n = 122) were postpartum women who were at an increased risk for postpartum depression (personal or maternal history of depression) and had participated in a randomized exercise intervention trial.

The Coupling of Peripheral Blood Pressure and Ventilatory Responses during Exercise in Young Adults with Cystic Fibrosis.

Purpose: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is commonly recognized as a pulmonary disease associated with reduced airway function. Another primary symptom of CF is low exercise capacity where ventilation and gas-exchange are exacerbated. However, an independent link between pathophysiology of the pulmonary system and abnormal ventilatory and gas-exchange responses during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has not been established in CF.

The effects of active video games on patients' rehabilitative outcomes: A meta-analysis.

A meta-analysis on Active Video Games (AVG) as a rehabilitative tool does not appear to be available. This meta-analytic review synthesizes the effectiveness of AVGs on patients' rehabilitative outcomes. Ninety-eight published studies on AVGs and rehabilitation were obtained in late 2015 with 14 meeting the following inclusion criteria: 1) data-based English articles; 2) randomized-controlled trials investigating AVG's effect on rehabilitative outcome(s); and 3) ≥1 comparison present in each study.

Bone strength estimates relative to vertical ground reaction force discriminates women runners with stress fracture history.

Purpose: To determine differences in bone geometry, estimates of bone strength, muscle size and bone strength relative to load, in women runners with and without a history of stress fracture.

Methods: We recruited 32 competitive distance runners aged 18-35, with (SFX, n=16) or without (NSFX, n=16) a history of stress fracture for this case-control study. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) was used to assess volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD, mg/mm), total (ToA) and cortical (CtA) bone areas (mm), and estimated compressive bone strength (bone strength index; BSI, mg/mm) at the distal tibia.

Mindfulness-based yoga intervention for women with depression.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a 12-week mindfulness-based yoga intervention on depressive symptoms and rumination among depressed women.

Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled 12 week intervention pilot study. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline, post-intervention (12 weeks), and one-month follow-up.

The relationship between cardiac hemodynamics and exercise tolerance in cystic fibrosis.

Background: Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) have reduced pulmonary function and exercise tolerance. Additionally, these individuals may develop abnormal cardiac function. The implications of abnormal cardiac function on exercise tolerance are unclear in CF.

Impaired cardiac and peripheral hemodynamic responses to inhaled β₂-agonist in cystic fibrosis.

Background: Pulmonary system dysfunction is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) disease. In addition to impaired cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein, dysfunctional β2-adrenergic receptors (β2AR) contribute to low airway function in CF. Recent observations suggest CF may also be associated with impaired cardiac function that is demonstrated by attenuated cardiac output (Q), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac power (CP) at both rest and during exercise.

Intrathecal fentanyl blockade of afferent neural feedback from skeletal muscle during exercise in heart failure patients: Influence on circulatory power and pulmonary vascular capacitance.

Background: Secondary pulmonary hypertension is common in heart failure (HF) patients. We hypothesized that inhibition of feedback from locomotor muscle group III/IV neurons contributes to reduced pulmonary vascular pressures independent of changes in cardiac function during exercise in HF.

Methods: 9 HF patients (ages, 60 ± 2; EF, 26.

Dementia alters standing postural adaptation during a visual search task in older adult men.

This study investigated the effects of dementia on standing postural adaptation during performance of a visual search task. We recruited 16 older adults with dementia and 15 without dementia. Postural sway was assessed by recording medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) center-of-pressure when standing with and without a visual search task; i.

Healthy for life: a randomized trial examining physical activity outcomes and psychosocial mediators.

Background: Researchers theorize that interventions increase physical activity by influencing key theory-based mediators (e.g., behavioral processes).

Body sway at sea for two visual tasks and three stance widths.

Background: On land, body sway is influenced by stance width (the distance between the feet) and by visual tasks engaged in during stance. While wider stance can be used to stabilize the body against ship motion and crewmembers are obliged to carry out many visual tasks while standing, the influence of these factors on the kinematics of body sway has not been studied at sea.

Methods: Crewmembers of the RN Atlantis stood on a force plate from which we obtained data on the positional variability of the center of pressure (COP).

Does television viewing predict dietary intake five years later in high school students and young adults?

Background: Prior research has found that television viewing is associated with poor diet quality, though little is known about its long-term impact on diet, particularly during adolescence. This study examined the associations between television viewing behavior with dietary intake five years later.

Methods: Survey data, which included television viewing time and food frequency questionnaires, were analyzed for 564 middle school students (younger cohort) and 1366 high school students (older cohort) who had complete data available at Time 1 (1998-1999) and five years later at Time 2 (mean age at Time 2, 17.

The relation between perceived parent-created sport climate and competitive male youth hockey players' good and poor sport behaviors.

The authors examined achievement goal orientation (J. L. Duda & J.

Motion sickness, body movement, and claustrophobia during passive restraint.

Standing participants were passively restrained and exposed to oscillating visual motion. Thirty-nine percent of participants reported motion sickness. Despite passive restraint, participants exhibited displacements of the center of pressure, and prior to the onset of motion sickness the evolution of these displacements differed between participants who later became sick and those who did not.

Prevalence of physical inactivity and recommended physical activity in community-based adults with mental retardation.

Little information has been reported on the leisure time physical activity (LTPA) habits of adults with mental retardation. Prevalence of physical inactivity and recommended LTPA of adults with mild to moderate mental retardation who live in community settings was described. Adults with mental retardation (76 men, 74 women) reported their physical activity habits.