The Exeter Activity Unlimited statement on physical activity and exercise for cystic fibrosis: methodology and results of an international, multidisciplinary, evidence-driven expert consensus.

Background: The roles of physical activity (PA) and exercise within the management of cystic fibrosis (CF) are recognised by their inclusion in numerous standards of care and treatment guidelines. However, information is brief, and both PA and exercise as multi-faceted behaviours require extensive stakeholder input when developing and promoting such guidelines.

Method: On 30 June and 1 July 2021, 39 stakeholders from 11 countries, including researchers, healthcare professionals and patients participated in a virtual conference to agree an evidence-based and informed expert consensus about PA and exercise for people with CF.

Proposed Mechanism of Adherence in Caregivers Providing Care to Adults Living with a Left Ventricular Assist Device.

The left ventricular assist device (VAD) is commonly used as the bridge-to-transplantation therapy for heart failure patients who are on waitlist of heart transplant. The caregivers' adherence to the homecare regimen plays a vital role in patient outcomes. There is little evidence about the factors related to the caregiver adherence.

Georgia Quality Improvement Programs Multi-Institutional Collection of Postoperative Opioid Data Using ACS-NSQIP Abstraction.

Background: Excessive postoperative opioid prescribing contributes to opioid misuse throughout the US. The Georgia Quality Improvement Program (GQIP) is a collaboration of ACS-NSQIP participating hospitals. GQIP aimed to develop a multi-institutional opioid data collection platform as well as understand our current opioid-sparing strategy (OSS) usage and postoperative opioid prescribing patterns.

Maternal History of Child Maltreatment and Household Chaos: Examining the Mediating Role of Maternal and Child Psychopathology.

Caregiver history of childhood maltreatment can have pervasive effects on familial and household dynamics. Maternal history of child maltreatment (MCM) is linked to maternal depressive symptoms and offspring behavioural problems. Further, maternal and child mental health are associated with chaotic home environments.

Dose-Response Association Between Bilirubin and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The association between bilirubin (BIL) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of prospective studies to evaluate this association in the general population. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus databases through to September 2021.

The Risk of Nonunion in Smokers Revisited: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systemic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To review and establish the effect of tobacco smoking on risk of nonunion following spinal fusion.

Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to December 31, 2020, was conducted.

Global prevalence of long-term neurodevelopmental impairment following extremely preterm birth: a systematic literature review.

Objective: Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) is a major complication of extreme prematurity. This systematic review was conducted to summarize the worldwide long-term prevalence of NDI associated with extreme prematurity.

Methods: Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched for epidemiologic and observational/real-world studies, published in English between 2011 and 2016, reporting long-term prevalence of NDI (occurring from 1 year) among extremely preterm infants born at gestational age (GA) ≤28 weeks.

Intraoral Digital Impression for Speech Aid/Obturator in Children: Report of 2 Cases.

Cleft patients may develop an abnormal opening (fistula) between the oral and the nasal cavities. Surgical repair minimizes the adverse effect on speech and feeding. However, an obturator prosthesis is a nonsurgical approach to help close the communication.

Updating an Empirically Based Tool for Analyzing Congenital Heart Surgery Mortality.

Objectives: STAT Mortality Categories (developed 2009) stratify congenital heart surgery procedures into groups of increasing mortality risk to characterize case mix of congenital heart surgery providers. This update of the STAT Mortality Score and Categories is empirically based for all procedures and reflects contemporary outcomes.

Methods: Cardiovascular surgical operations in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database (January 1, 2010 - June 30, 2017) were analyzed.

Aesthetic Concepts and Interdisciplinary Approach in a Patient With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Missing Premaxilla: A Case Report.

The smile is an important part of the individual's facial expression, it allows the communication of emotions and ideas. However, its aesthetics can be severely compromised in patients with cleft lip and palate due to multiple missing, malformed and malposed teeth, abnormal soft tissue morphology, upper lip scar tissue, and altered anatomy in the lower third of the face. This clinical case reports the interdisciplinary treatment approach of a young male patient with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate and missing premaxilla.

Correlating Psychological Comorbidities and Outcomes After Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Literature review.

Objective: The aim of this literature review is to examine the effects of psychological disorders on postoperative complications, surgical outcomes, and long-term narcotic use. We also hope to detail the value of preoperative identification and treatment of these pathologies.

Shape Loss of Autoclaved, Machine-Bent Cobalt-Chrome and Titanium Spine Surgery Rods.

Study Design: This was a biomechanical study.

Objective: Shape loss of surgical spine rods has been implicated as a factor leading to postsurgical loss of alignment correction. Our objective was to compare the degree of shape loss in surgical spine rods of different compositions under physiological conditions that were bent before or after being autoclaved.

Medical Malpractice Claims and Mitigation Strategies Following Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Narrative review.

Objective: The aim of this narrative review is to examine trends in malpractice litigation arising from spine surgery. We also hope to detail mitigation strategies that surgeons can employ to decrease their risk of a claim.

The Feasibility of Utilizing Smartphone Flashlights as an Alternative Endoscopic Light Source in Emergency Situations.

Although the image quality from modern distal chip endoscopes is superior, limited mobility of the endoscopic tower prevents this technology from being used in inpatient and emergency departments. In these settings, otolaryngologists commonly use older flexible laryngoscopes with portable light sources. However, these light sources could malfunction.