Flat-panel dual-energy head computed tomography in the angiography suite after thrombectomy for acute stroke: A clinical feasibility study.

Background: Management of large vessel occlusion (LVO) patients after thrombectomy is affected by the presence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) on post-procedure imaging. Differentiating contrast staining from hemorrhage on post-procedural imaging has been facilitated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT), traditionally performed in dedicated computed tomography (CT) scanners with subsequent delays in treatment. We employed a novel method of DECT using the Siemens cone beam CT (DE-CBCT) in the angiography suite to evaluate for post-procedure ICH and contrast extravasation.

Association of Race and Income with Incident Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias among Black and White Older Adults.

To investigate how differences in income and education levels may contribute to disparities in incidence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD), we compared ADRD incidence in traditional Medicare claims for 11,132 Black and 7703 White participants aged 65 and over from a predominantly low-income cohort. We examined whether the relationship between ADRD incidence and race varied by income or education. Based on 2015 incident ADRD diagnoses, Black and White participants had unadjusted incidence rates of 26.

Menstrual and Reproductive Factors in Association With Breast Cancer Risk in Vietnamese Women: A Case-Control Study.

Objectives: Though menstrual and reproductive factors have been associated with the risk of breast cancer in many populations, very few studies have been conducted among Vietnamese women. This study aimed to assess the association between menstrual and reproductive factors and the risk of breast cancer in Vietnamese women.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study of 490 breast cancer cases and 468 controls was conducted in Northern Vietnam.

Malignant Catatonia: A Review for the Intensivist.

Catatonia is a clinical syndrome characterized by psychomotor, neurological and behavioral changes. The clinical picture of catatonia ranges from akinetic stupor to severe motoric excitement. Catatonia can occur in the setting of a primary psychiatric condition such as bipolar disorder or secondary to a general medical illness like autoimmune encephalitis.

Intraoperative Ultrasound Guided Laparoscopic Spleen-Preserving Distal Pancreatectomy for Primitive Neuroendocrine Tumors in a Pediatric Patient With MEN-1.

This case details the presentation and surgical management of a 15-year-old male patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1) who required distal pancreatectomy for multiple nonfunctional pancreatic tumors. An intraoperative ultrasound was utilized to allow for proper location of the distal pancreatectomy, as well as visualization of the splenic vessel relationships and to ensure all lesions were contained within the specimen. Pathology demonstrated 5 well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors with no evidence of malignancy.

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Repair at the Bedside or Operating Theater.

Background: For critically ill congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients on high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and/or inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), operative repair in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has been proposed to avoid complications during transport to an operating room (OR). This study compared neonates with CDH who received herniorrhaphy in the NICU or OR, with a subgroup analysis considering only patients supported with ECMO.

Methods: Patients admitted to the NICU in the first 2 weeks of life at a free-standing children's hospital between July 2004 and September 2021 were examined.

Trauma Surgeons' Perceptions of Resuscitating Lethally Injured Patients for Organ Preservation.

Background: Trauma surgeons face a challenge when deciding whether to resuscitate lethally injured patients whose organ donor status is unknown. Data suggests practice pattern variability in this setting, but little is known about why.

Materials And Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with trauma surgeons practicing in Level 1 or 2 trauma centers in Tennessee.

HIV and STI prevalence and testing history among men who have sex with men in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have disproportionately affected communities of men who have sex with men (MSM). We describe HIV and STI prevalence and testing patterns among urban Vietnamese MSM.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional community-based study of MSM in Hanoi, Vietnam in 2016.

Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Patients With Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Is Safe and Does Not Delay Cytoreductive Surgery With Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy.

Background: Outcomes of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) among patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) depend largely on the extent of peritoneal disease. Since PC is not reliably evaluated with cross-sectional imaging, tumor burden is often evaluated with diagnostic laparoscopy (DLS). The aims of this study are to evaluate the safety of DLS in patients with peritoneal disease and determine if DLS delays time to CRS-HIPEC.

Peer Assessment in Medical Student Education: A Study of Feasibility, Benefit, and Worth.

Background: Direct experience with medical procedures is an important component of medical school training, yet opportunities for medical students have dwindled for various reasons. To offset this, simulated procedures are being integrated into training. However, this comes with additional time commitments required of teaching surgeons regarding assessment of simulation.

Fireside Chats: A Novel Wellness Initiative for Medical Students in the COVID-19 Era.

To supplement preexisting wellness programming for the surgery clerkship, a faculty surgeon at Vanderbilt initiated Fireside Chats (FC) in 2015. Inspired by Franklin Roosevelt's Depression-era radio broadcasts, FC features small group sizes, off-campus excursions, and a reimagining of the mentor-mentee relationship that eschews hierarchy in favor of deep, mutualistic connections in both personal and professional domains. Here we describe the rationale and implementation of FC and present survey data that demonstrate the warm reception of FC and its efficacy in stewarding the mental health of medical students.

Cost-Effectiveness of Operating on Traumatic Spinal Injuries in Low-Middle Income Countries: A Preliminary Report From a Major East African Referral Center.

Study Design: Retrospective cost-effectiveness analysis.

Objectives: While the incidence of traumatic spine injury (TSI) is high in low-middle income countries (LMICs), surgery is rarely possible due to cost-prohibitive implants. The objective of this study was to conduct a preliminary cost-effectiveness analysis of operative treatment of TSI patients in a LMIC setting.

Evaluating the Clinical Outcomes of Parotid Hemangiomas in the Pediatric Patient Population.

Introduction: Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumor of the parotid gland in children; however, there is no standard protocol for the treatment of IH. The generally accepted practice is to begin the patient on β-blocker therapy if there are no contraindications.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to better understand the challenges and successes of management of pediatric patients with parotid IH.