Utility of Preoperative Laboratory Testing for Ambulatory Endoscopic Sinonasal Surgery in Low-Risk Patients.

Background: Preoperative laboratory tests (PLTs) are often obtained prior to outpatient surgical procedures. The objective of this study is to examine the current practice of routine PLT in low-risk patients undergoing ambulatory endoscopic sinonasal surgery (ESS) and to assess whether such testing impacts surgical outcomes.

Methods: Patients undergoing ambulatory ESS were identified from the 2011 to 2018 NSQIP database.

Defibrinogenation Ameliorates Retinal Microgliosis and Inflammation in A CX3CR1-Independent Manner.

Diabetic human and murine retinas revealed pronounced microglial morphological activation and vascular abnormalities associated with inflammation. Pharmacological fibrinogen depletion using ancrod dampened microglial morphology alterations, resolved fibrinogen accumulation, rescued axonal integrity, and reduced inflammation in the diabetic murine retina.

Racial Disparities in Charges, Length of Stay, and Complications Following Adult Inpatient Epistaxis Treatment.

Background: Although recent studies have identified an association between race and adverse outcomes in head and neck surgeries, there are limited data examining the impact of racial disparities on adult inpatient outcomes following epistaxis management procedures.

Objective: To analyze the association between race and adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients undergoing epistaxis treatment.

Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis utilized the 2003 to 2014 National Inpatient Sample.

A Case of Poorly Differentiated Synovial Sarcoma Arising in a Nasal Cavity Radiation Field: An Unusual Tumor in an Unusual Location.

Synovial sarcomas are high-grade soft tissue sarcomas of primitive mesenchymal origin which are defined by a pathognomonic t(X;18)(p11,q11) translocation, and which occur in pediatric and adult populations. Herein we report a case of a 33-year-old female with a history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma status post radiotherapy, presenting with a poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma of the nasal cavity arising in the radiation field. While the development of radiation-associated sarcoma is a known complication of radiotherapy, to date only 10 cases of synovial sarcoma have been reported to occur in previously irradiated tissues.

Sigmoid Colectomy for Sigmoid Volvulus Through a Limited Left Lower Quadrant Transverse Laparotomy Incision Without Laparoscopy.

Sigmoid volvulus (SV) is a relatively rare cause of large bowel obstruction encountered by general surgeons in the United States. It predominantly affects the elderly, infirm, and institutionalized. Surgery after endoscopic reduction is the mainstay of treatment.

Analysis of the Treatment and Survival of Sinonasal Extramedullary Plasmacytoma.

Background: While extramedullary plasmacytomas are infrequently encountered plasma cell malignancies, most cases occur in the head and neck, with a predilection for the sinonasal cavity. Due to the rarity of this disease, the majority of studies on sinonasal extramedullary plasmacytoma (SN-EMP) are case reports or small retrospective case series.

Objective: To investigate the impact of patient, disease, and treatment factors on the survival of patients with SN-EMP.

Metastatic Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast to the Hypothalamus Presenting as a Primary Pituitary Lesion Presenting 17 Years Later-Report of a Case and Review of the Literature.

Carcinomas metastatic to the brain are common, however, metastatic disease to the hypothalamic- pituitary region is uncommon and account for less than 3.6% of all resected malignant pituitary tumors. Most metastatic disease in that region derives from a lung or breast primary, with both ductal and lobular carcinoma reported.

Low Amount and Intensity of Leisure-time Physical Activity in Asian Indian Adults.

Purpose: We sought to describe leisure-time, aerobic, and muscle strengthening physical activity (PA) patterns in U.S. Asian Indians, in comparison to other races/ethnicities.

A Machine Learning Approach in Predicting Mortality Following Emergency General Surgery.

Background: There is a significant mortality burden associated with emergency general surgery (EGS) procedures. The objective of this study was to develop and validate the use of a machine learning approach to predict mortality following EGS.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients who underwent EGS between 2012 and 2017.

Pitfalls in Frozen Section: A Case of Incidental Papillary Mesothelioma.

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma is an uncommon benign, although potentially recurrent mesothelial lesion that occurs in the peritoneum of women over a wide age range. We recently encountered an incidental case sent for frozen section at the time of hysterectomy for endometrial carcinoma. Familiarity with this lesion will help prevent overinterpretation as a serous carcinoma.

A Resident-Driven Mobile Evaluation System Can Be Used to Augment Traditional Surgery Rotation Evaluations.

Background: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires residents to receive milestone-based evaluations in key areas. Shortcomings of the traditional evaluation system (TES) are a low completion rate and delay in completion. We hypothesized that adoption of a mobile evaluation system (MES) would increase the number of evaluations completed and improve their timeliness.

A Rare Case of Cardiac Mesenchymal Hamartoma and Comprehensive Review of the Literature With Emphasis on Histopathology.

Hamartomas are primary, benign neoplastic lesions that most commonly derive from a single variably differentiated cell lineage. Here, we report an unusual case of a cardiac hamartoma. A 62-year-old woman presented with chest pain and palpitations.

Management of Pediatric Nasoorbitoethmoid Complex Fractures at a Level 1 Trauma Center.

Purpose: A universally accepted treatment algorithm for rare pediatric nasoorbitoethmoid (NOE) fractures has yet to be established. In this study, the authors examine how severity of pediatric NOE fractures interplays with patient characteristics, management choices, and complications from injury and surgical intervention at our institution.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for all cases of pediatric NOE fracture at a level 1 trauma center (University Hospital in Newark, New Jersey) between 2002 and 2014.

Safety and Efficacy of Endovascular Treatment of Portal Vein Stenosis in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of Angioplasty and Stent Placement for the treatment of Portal Vein Stenosis in Liver Transplant Recipients by performing a systematic review.

Materials And Methods: The PubMed Database was extensively searched for articles describing Portal Vein Stenosis (PVS) as a complication in Liver Transplant (LT) patients. The initial database search yielded 488 unique records published in the PubMed Database, 19 of which were deemed to meet the inclusion criteria.

Two-Year Clinical and Radiological Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Undergoing Single-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Study Design: Secondary analysis of data from the multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigational device exemption study.

Objective: Studies on outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in individuals with diabetes are scarce. We compared 24-month radiological and clinical outcomes in individuals with and without diabetes undergoing single-level ACDF with either i-FACTOR or local autologous bone.