Parents' and Guardians' Intentions to Vaccinate Children against COVID-19.

A cross-sectional survey design was used to assess Arkansas parents'/guardians' intentions to vaccinate their child against COVID-19. Parents/guardians whose oldest child was age 0-11 years ( = 171) or 12-17 years ( = 198) were recruited between 12 July and 30 July 2021 through random digit dialing. Among parents/guardians with an age-eligible child, age 12-17, 19% reported their child had been vaccinated, and 34% reported they would have their child vaccinated right away.

Best of Intentions: Influential Factors in Infant Feeding Intent among Marshallese Pregnant Women.

The purpose of this study is to explore the beliefs, intentions, and influences that serve as barriers and facilitators to exclusive breastfeeding intent among Marshallese pregnant women in the United States (US). The study used a descriptive qualitative design. In total, 36 Marshallese women in their third trimester of pregnancy participated.

Facilitators and barriers to employment for rural women cancer survivors.

Purpose: Limited research exists on the employment experiences of rural women cancer survivors, yet this population may face unique barriers to employment following a cancer diagnosis. This study aims to identify facilitators and barriers to employment for rural women cancer survivors.

Methods: We used a qualitative descriptive design to examine facilitators and barriers to employment for rural women cancer survivors.

Use of Community-Based Participatory Research Partnerships to Reduce COVID-19 Disparities Among Marshallese Pacific Islander and Latino Communities - Benton and Washington Counties, Arkansas, April-December 2020.

Marshallese and Latino communities in Benton and Washington counties, Arkansas, were disproportionately affected by COVID-19. We evaluated the effectiveness of a comprehensive community-based intervention to reduce COVID-19 disparities in these communities. We examined all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in the 2 counties reported from April 6, 2020, through December 28, 2020.

Description of Variation in Age of Onset of Functional Limitations of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders Compared to Other Racial and Ethnic Groups.

(1) Background: The purpose of this exploratory study was to describe variation in age of onset of functional limitations of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders (NHPI) compared to other racial and ethnic groups. (2) Methods: Adults age 45 years and older who responded to the Functioning and Disability module within the 2014 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were included ( = 628 NHPI; 7122 non-Hispanic Whites; 1418 Blacks; 470 Asians; and 1216 Hispanic adults). The NHIS Functioning and Disability module included 13 items, which we organized into three domains of functional limitations using factor analysis: Mobility, Gross Motor Skills, and Fine Motor Skills.

Food insecurity and depression among low-income adults in the USA: does diet diversity play a role? Findings from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objective: Food insecurity is associated with a greater risk of depression among low-income adults in the USA. Members of food-insecure households have lower diet diversity than their food-secure counterparts. This study examined whether diet diversity moderates the association between food insecurity and depression.

Homeless and hungry: food insecurity in the land of plenty.

Homelessness continues to challenge service providers in the United States where 600,000+ individuals are without their own place to stay on any given night. With significant barriers preventing access to food, homeless persons remain at risk for experiencing long-term food insecurity. As such, the primary intent of this paper was to examine specific hypotheses that explored the impact of both risks/stressors and resources on the reported food insecurity among homeless adults.

Race, Nativity, and Sex Disparities in Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Young Adults in the USA.

Research has demonstrated that the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is a safe and effective way to decrease HPV-related cervical cancers; however, the vaccination rate in the USA is suboptimal. The current study examined racial and ethnic disparities in HPV vaccination among a nationally representative sample, including Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders (NHPI). This study also investigated the associations between nativity and vaccination, and sex differences between race/ethnicity and vaccination and nativity and vaccination.

Using an online learning module to teach nursing students about food insecurity as a social determinant of health.

Currently, food insecurity is a lack of access to enough food for a healthy life that impacts approximately 40 million Americans and 821 million people worldwide. These statistics are expected to rise as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic drastically. Studies show that healthcare and nursing curricula are currently deficient in providing education to help healthcare providers combat food security and provide patient education.

Inequities in Access to Medical Care Among Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes: Comparisons Between the US Population and a Sample of US-Residing Marshallese Islanders.

Objective: We examined barriers to accessing medical care for migrant US-residing Marshallese Islanders.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted to identify potential inequities. Surveys from largely migrant diabetic Marshallese Islanders (n = 255) were compared with nationally representative data.

Dopamine replacement improves motor learning of an upper extremity task in people with Parkinson disease.

Background: Dopamine replacement medication has positive effects on existing motor skills for people with Parkinson disease (PD), but may have detrimental effects on the learning of motor skills necessary for effective rehabilitation according to the dopamine overdose hypothesis.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether dopamine replacement medication (i.e.

Diabetes Disparities and Promising Interventions to Address Diabetes in Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Populations.

Purpose Of Review: The Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) population is rapidly growing in the USA. NHPIs face significant health disparities and have a high prevalence of diabetes compared to the general US population.

Recent Findings: Recent culturally-adapted diabetes interventions have shown promise in addressing these disparities among NHPI communities.

Health researchers' experiences, perceptions and barriers related to sharing study results with participants.

Background: Although research participants are generally interested in receiving results from studies in which they participate, health researchers rarely communicate study findings to participants. The present study was designed to provide opportunity for a broad group of health researchers to describe their experiences and concerns related to sharing results (i.e.

"You Want to Give the Best Care Possible, and You Know When They Leave Your Pharmacy, You Didn't Give the Best Care Possible Most of the Time": Pharmacist- and Community Health Worker-Identified Barriers and Facilitators to Medication Adherence in Marshallese Patients.

Background: The Marshallese experience high rates of chronic diseases including hypertension and diabetes. Medication adherence is crucial to successful disease management, and healthcare providers play a crucial role in assisting their patients with medication adherence.

Methods: A qualitative study design was used with individual interviews and focus groups with pharmacists and community health workers (CHWs) serving the Marshallese community in Northwest Arkansas.

Intervention to Improve Access to Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Among Arkansas Food Pantry Clients.

Food pantries serve millions of Americans, yet the nutritional quality of foods distributed has been poor. Policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) changes were implemented in 3 food pantries in northwest Arkansas with the aims of improving the nutritional quality of foods distributed and increasing distribution of fresh fruits and vegetables (FFVs). Between pre-intervention and 1 year follow-up, food pantry bag audits showed increases from 20,256.

Researchers' experiences with and perceptions of returning results to participants: Study protocol.

Background: Health research participants want to receive the results from research studies in which they have participated, and health research funding agencies encourage the returning of results to research participants. However, researchers rarely return results to research participants. This study protocol aims to fill the significant gap in knowledge that exists regarding experiences, perceptions, and challenges health researchers have with returning results to research participants.

Sleep deficiency among Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Black, and White Americans and the association with cardiometabolic diseases: analysis of the National Health Interview Survey Data.

Purpose: Examine sleep deficiency, factors, and associations with cardiometabolic diseases in United States Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (NHPI), Blacks, and Whites.

Design: Data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey and NHPI National Health Interview Survey household interviews of adults were analyzed.

Participants: Of 31,724 participants, 7% were NHPI, 14% were Black, and 79% were White.

Structural and Socio-cultural Barriers to Prenatal Care in a US Marshallese Community.

Objectives Pacific Islanders are disproportionately burdened by poorer perinatal health outcomes with higher rates of pre-term births, low birth weight babies, infant mortality, and inadequate or no prenatal care. The aim of this study is to examine Marshallese mothers' beliefs, perceptions, and experiences of prenatal care and to identify potential barriers. Methods Three focus groups were conducted with Marshallese mothers, who were 18 years or older, and living in Arkansas.

Leveraging community-based participatory research capacity to recruit Pacific Islanders into a genetics study.

Pacific Islanders face many health disparities, including higher rates of cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, and diabetes compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Specifically, the Marshallese population suffers disproportionately from type 2 diabetes, with rates 400% higher than the general US population. As part of an ongoing community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership, 148 participants were recruited for a study examining genetic variants to better understand diabetes.

Design of a randomized, controlled, comparative-effectiveness trial testing a Family Model of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) vs. Standard DSME for Marshallese in the United States.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a significant public health problem, with U.S. Pacific Islander communities-such as the Marshallese-bearing a disproportionate burden.

Interpretive policy analysis: Marshallese COFA migrants and the Affordable Care Act.

Background: Since the enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the rate of uninsured in the United States has declined significantly. However, not all legal residents have benefited equally. As part of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership with the Marshallese community, an interpretative policy analysis research project was conducted to document Marshallese Compact of Free Association (COFA) migrants' understanding and experiences regarding the ACA and related health policies.

Balance measured by the sway balance smart-device application does not discriminate between older persons with and without a fall history.

Background: Clinical functional assessments of balance often lack specificity and sensitivity in discriminating and predicting falls among community-dwelling older adults.

Aims: We determined the feasibility of using a smart-device application measuring balance to discriminate fall status among older adults. We also evaluated differences between smart-device balance measurements when secured with or without a harness.