Reported Adverse Events Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations in the Canadian Province of Alberta and Associated Risk Factors: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) vaccines represent a significant milestone in the fight against coronavirus disease. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance and research are crucial for ensuring vaccine safety and effectiveness, aiding public health planning. : Our retrospective cohort study included Albertans five years and older and vaccinated with at least one dose of an approved COVID-19 vaccine between 14 December 2020 and 30 April 2022.

Concurrent Experience of Self-Reported Mental Health Symptoms and Problematic Substance Use During the First Two Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Canadian Adults: Evidence from a Repeated Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey.

This study was aimed at identifying the prevalence of concurrent experience, poor mental health and problematic substance use, and its associated factors, among Canadian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide repeated cross-sectional sample of 14,897 Canadian adults (quota-sampled, weighted) were recruited on ten occasions between October 2020 and March 2022 using online panels. Concurrent experience was defined as mild to severe symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and/or anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7) AND meeting screening criteria for problematic cannabis (Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test-Revised) and/or problematic alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test).

Barriers to integration of health and equity into urban design policies in Regina, Saskatchewan.

Although there is extensive literature on the impact of urban design on health, little is known about the barriers to integrating health into urban design policies. As cities increasingly lead efforts to improve health equity and population health, understanding the perspectives and experiences of municipal actors on health and equity is essential. To address this gap, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 stakeholders engaged with urban design policy- and decision-making at the City of Regina in Saskatchewan, Canada.

"There was no services that I could access so I just stayed on the street…using until I went into labour.": A qualitative study of accessibility and cultural safety of services for perinatal substance use in British Columbia, Canada.

Background: Perinatal substance use is a critical public health challenge, impacting both mother and fetus. Its prevalence has increased in British Columbia, Canada, disproportionately impacting First Nations people. For specialized perinatal substance use services to be effective, they must be accessible and safe.

Association of Insomnia with Functional Outcomes Relevant to Daily Behaviors and Sleep-Related Quality of Life among First Nations People in Two Communities in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Insomnia is a common sleep complaint in Canada and is associated with increased use of health care services and economic burden. This paper examines the association of insomnia with functional outcomes relevant to daily behaviors and sleep-related quality of life among First Nations participants using the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ-10). The First Nations Sleep Health Project follow-up survey was conducted in partnership with two Cree First Nations in the summer of 2022, where 355 individuals participated.

Identification and prioritization of patient-centred strategies to enhance IBD-related care for older adults: a modified Delphi approach.

Background: The older adult age group makes up one of the fastest-growing groups of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is important to hear the perspectives of older adults living with IBD about care experiences and managing their illness. The purpose of this patient-oriented study was to identify and prioritize patient-centred strategies that have the potential to enhance IBD-related care for older adults in Saskatchewan.

Epidemiology and perceptions of non-fatal burns among select youth (15-24 years old) from Peshawar Pakistan; a sequential explanatory mixed methods study.

Purpose: Burns are among the top five cause of unintentional injuries among youth. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of burns in select youth from Pakistan and also explored their perceptions about burns.

Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed methods study was conducted which comprised of two phases.

Walking balance control in different settings: Effects of walking speed and biological sex.

Background: Previous research has suggested that spatiotemporal step parameters differ between settings; however, it remains unclear how different settings influence walking balance control.

Research Question: How do settings and sex influence walking balance control during walking at different speeds for young adults?

Methods: Forty-two adults (21 male (23 ± 4 years), 21 female (24 ± 5 years)) completed overground walking trials in four settings: laboratory (10 m), hallway, indoor open, and outdoor pathway (all 20 m) at three self-selected speeds (slow, preferred, fast) following verbal instructions. Participants wore 17 inertial sensors (Xsens Awinda, Movella, Henderson, NV) to capture total body kinematics.

Association of Sleep Quality and General, Mental, and Oral Health with Lifestyle Traits (Dietary Intake, Smoking Status) in Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS).

Arthritis is associated with health challenges. Lifestyle traits are believed to influence arthritis development and progression; however, data to support personalized treatment regimens based on holistic lifestyle factors are missing. This study aims to provide a comprehensive list of associations between lifestyle traits and the health status of individuals with arthritis in the Canadian population, using binary logistic regression analysis on data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, which includes 104,359 respondents.

Services for older adults in rural primary care memory clinic communities and surrounding areas: a qualitative descriptive study.

Background/objectives: As part of a larger study, and in collaboration with rural primary health care teams, RaDAR (Rural Dementia Action Research) primary care memory clinics have evolved and continue to spread in communities across southeast Saskatchewan, Canada. This study focuses on the geographical areas of the four communities where RaDAR memory clinics were first developed and implemented and describes the services and supports available to older adults including memory clinic patients and families living in these areas. Our goal was to identify and describe existing programs and gaps, create inventories and maps, and explore the service experiences of family caregivers of people living with dementia in these rural areas.

Perceptions and outcomes of an embedded Alzheimer Society First Link Coordinator in rural primary health care memory clinics.

Background: Primary health care has a central role in dementia detection, diagnosis, and management, especially in low-resource rural areas. Care navigation is a strategy to improve integration and access to care, but little is known about how navigators can collaborate with rural primary care teams to support dementia care. In Saskatchewan, Canada, the RaDAR (Rural Dementia Action Research) team partnered with rural primary health care teams to implement interprofessional memory clinics that included an Alzheimer Society First Link Coordinator (FLC) in a navigator role.

Resting and activated bovine neutrophils and eosinophils differ in their responses to adrenergic agonists.

Polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) provide a rapid response to infection and tissue damage and stress can modify these critical innate immune defences. The study of adrenergic receptor (AR) expression and function in bovine PMNs is limited but both neutrophils and eosinophils express numerous AR genes but differ significantly in their expression of individual AR genes. A flow cytometric technique was developed to differentiate between bovine neutrophils and eosinophils so both neutrophil and eosinophil responses to adrenergic agonists could be analysed.

Adaptation and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Satisfaction With Telephone Care Among Individuals Living With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) require routine medical follow-up. The usage of telephone care (TC) appointments increased because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to adapt a questionnaire to evaluate satisfaction with TC use and validate it among IBD individuals.

Rural-urban differences in use of health services before and after dementia diagnosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Rural-urban differences in health service use among persons with prevalent dementia are known. However, the extent of geographic differences in health service use over a long observation period, and prior to diagnosis, have not been sufficiently examined. The purpose of this study was to examine yearly rural-urban differences in the proportion of patients using health services, and the mean number of services, in the 5-year period before and 5-year period after a first diagnosis of dementia.

Factors of success, barriers, and the role of frontline workers in Indigenous maternal-child health programs: a scoping review.

Background: Despite considerable investment in maternal-child programs in Canada, there has been little positive impact on the health of Indigenous mothers and their children. The reasons for this are unclear and there is a need to identify how such programs can be successfully implemented. Community input is essential for successful programs; however, it is unclear what the contributions of frontline workers have been in the health program process, i.

The influence of jump-landing direction on dynamic postural stability following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Traditional testing prior to return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction typically involves jump-landing tasks in the forward direction. As injury is most likely the result of multiplanar neuromuscular control deficits, assessment of dynamic postural stability using landing tasks that require multiplanar stabilization may be more appropriate. The purpose of this study was to examine how dynamic postural stability is affected when performing jump-landing tasks in three different directions.

Task-oriented exercise effects on walking and corticospinal excitability in multiple sclerosis: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that disrupts walking function and results in other debilitating symptoms. This study compares the effects of 'task-oriented exercise' against 'generalized resistance and aerobic exercise' and a 'stretching control' on walking and CNS function in people with MS (PwMS). We hypothesize that task-oriented exercise will enhance walking speed and related neural changes to a greater extent than other exercise approaches.

Comorbid substance use disorder, major depression, and associated disability in a nationally representative sample.

Background: Major depressive disorders (MDD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) are commonly linked to disability, but there is a lack of research on the risk of disability among individuals who have both SUDs and MD in the general population. This study aimed to investigate the associated risk of disability in people with comorbid SUDs- specifically cannabis use disorder, alcohol use disorder, other drug (except cannabis) use disorder, and a major depressive episode using a nationally representative sample.

Methods: The 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey- Mental Health (CCHS-MH) data were analyzed using multilevel logistic regression models.

Advancements in predicting and modeling rare event outcomes for enhanced decision-making.

Predicting rare events is a challenging task due to limited data and imbalanced datasets. This special issue explores methodological advancements in prediction and modeling for rare events. The research showcased in this issue aims to provide valuable insights and strategies to enhance the accuracy of rare event prediction and modeling.

Defining humeral axial rotation with optical motion capture and inertial measurement units during functional task assessment.

Humeral motion can be challenging to measure and analyze. Typically, Euler/Cardan sequences are used for humeral angle decomposition, but choice of rotation sequence has substantial effects on outcomes. A new method called True axial rotation calculation may be more precise.

Mental Health and Health-Related Quality of Life of Children and Youth during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Saskatchewan, Canada.

For children and youth, the COVID-19 pandemic surfaced at a critical time in their development. Children have experienced extended disruptions to routines including in-person schooling, physical activities, and social interactions-things that bring meaning and structure to their daily lives. We estimated the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms of children and youth and their experiences of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), during the first year of the pandemic, and identified factors related to these outcomes.

Canine hypoadrenocorticism: Insights into the Addisonian crisis.

Objective: Primary objectives of this study were to determine presenting complaints, physical examination, clinicopathologic findings, and hospitalization time of dogs with spontaneous hypoadrenocorticism presenting with critical disease; and to compare those end points to dogs with a more stable presentation. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the shock index and to identify precipitating stressors.

Animals: Eighty-four dogs at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine between 1998 and 2018 were included.

Adhesion Molecules in Lung Inflammation from Repeated Glyphosate Exposures.

Glyphosate is an active ingredient in herbicides. Exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides has been associated with respiratory dysfunctions in agricultural workers. The ability of inhaled glyphosate to induce lung inflammation is not well understood.