More than a side-hustle: Satisfaction with conventional and microtask work and the association with life satisfaction.

Gig platforms promise attractive, flexible ways to earn supplemental income. Academics, however, often describe gig work as low-quality work, suggesting that it is less satisfying than conventional work. In this paper, we present a novel comparison of satisfaction with gig microtask work and conventional work among MTurk workers doing both.

In search of animal normativity: a framework for studying social norms in non-human animals.

Social norms - rules governing which behaviours are deemed appropriate or inappropriate within a given community - are typically taken to be uniquely human. Recently, this position has been challenged by a number of philosophers, cognitive scientists, and ethologists, who have suggested that social norms may also be found in certain non-human animal communities. Such claims have elicited considerable scepticism from norm cognition researchers, who doubt that any non-human animals possess the psychological capacities necessary for normative cognition.

Physicians Disclosing Religion in Online Biographies: Patient Perceptions and Decision-Making in the United States.

The inclusion of personal information about a healthcare provider is becoming more prevalent within online biographies as a means to help patients make more informed decisions about their future care. While many physicians indicate they are religious, and that spiritual well-being is an important part of one's overall health, what is unclear is what impact this sort of disclosure within an online biography might have on a prospective patient's perceptions of that provider. The current study took the form of a 2 (gender of provider: man; woman) × 2 (religion disclosure: yes; no) × 2 (activity: singing in choir; playing on softball team) between-subjects experiment.

The Process of Developing a Digital Repository for Online Teaching Using Design-Based Research.

The urdue epository for Online eaching nd earning (PoRTAL) was developed as an Open Educational Resource (OER) for graduate students and faculty in higher education settings to enhance their online teaching skills and strategies. The PoRTAL team used a design-based research approach (DBR; Wang & Hannafin, (4), 5-23, 2005). In this study context, we used Van Tiem et al.

An Examination of US School Mass Shootings, 2017-2022: Findings and Implications.

Objectives: Gun violence in the USA is a pressing social and public health issue. As rates of gun violence continue to rise, deaths resulting from such violence rise as well. School shootings, in particular, are at their highest recorded levels.

Fairness as Equal Concession: Critical Remarks on Fair AI.

Although existing work draws attention to a range of obstacles in realizing fair AI, the field lacks an account that emphasizes how these worries hang together in a systematic way. Furthermore, a review of the fair AI and philosophical literature demonstrates the unsuitability of 'treat like cases alike' and other intuitive notions as conceptions of fairness. That review then generates three desiderata for a replacement conception of fairness valuable to AI research: (1) It must provide a meta-theory for understanding tradeoffs, entailing that it must be flexible enough to capture diverse species of objection to decisions.

No Impact? Long-Term Effects of Applying the Best Possible Self Intervention in a Real-World Undergraduate Classroom Setting.

Positive psychology interventions (PPIs) improve students' well-being in laboratory settings. Best possible self (BPS) is one of the most widely used PPIs shown in the laboratory to effectively improve participants' well-being in both the short- and long-term, but limited research has been conducted in real-world contexts. This study applied BPS in an undergraduate classroom to examine its long-term effects.

Investigating Students' Perceptions of Screencasting Style of Video Feedback in Online Courses.

Feedback is an essential part of the learning process. Asynchronous online courses are marked by an abundance of text-based feedback. Yet, video feedback in asynchronous online courses is a nascent field of inquiry.

Novice Instructional Designers' Attitudes towards the Best Possible Self Activity and the Correlation with Personality and Subjective Well-Being.

The effectiveness of positive psychology interventions relies heavily on participants' buy-in and personality traits. The Best Possible Self (BPS) intervention asks participants to envision their ideal future, supposing that everything goes smoothly. The BPS shows salient effects in improving subjective well-being in laboratory settings.

Brief Report: Reduced Heart Rate Variability in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which can be indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), has been posited to contribute to core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the relationship between ASD and HRV remains uncertain. We assessed tonic and phasic HRV of 21 children with ASD and 21 age- and IQ-matched typically developing (TD) children and examined (1) group differences in HRV and (2) associations between HRV and ASD symptomatology.

Exploring non-linear transition pathways in social-ecological systems.

Tipping point dynamics are fundamental drivers for sustainable transition pathways of social-ecological systems (SES). Current research predominantly analyzes how crossing tipping points causes regime shifts, however, the analysis of potential transition pathways from these social and ecological tipping points is often overlooked. In this paper, we analyze transition pathways and the potential outcomes that these may lead to via a stylized model of a system composed of interacting agents exploiting resources and, by extension, the overall ecosystem.

A Meta-analysis of Challenging Behavior Interventions for Students with Developmental Disabilities in Inclusive School Settings.

Challenging behavior is a significant barrier in accessing the general education curriculum for students with developmental disabilities. This necessitates the identification of evidence-based practices for addressing challenging behavior in inclusive settings. The purpose of our meta-analysis is to (a) quantify the magnitude of effect of interventions targeting the reduction of challenging behavior in students with developmental disabilities in inclusive educational settings and (b) determine if participant and intervention characteristics moderate intervention effects.

The Asymptotic Distribution of Average Test Overlap Rate in Computerized Adaptive Testing.

The average test overlap rate is often computed and reported as a measure of test security risk or item pool utilization of a computerized adaptive test (CAT). Despite the prevalent use of this sample statistic in both literature and operations, its sampling distribution has never been known nor studied in earnest. In response, a proof is presented for the asymptotic distribution of a linear transformation of the average test overlap rate in fixed-length CAT.

Finding Common Ground: Can Provider-Patient Race Concordance and Self-disclosure Bolster Patient Trust, Perceptions, and Intentions?

Background: Improvements in provider-patient relationships may help alleviate health disparities. Provider-patient race concordance and provider self-disclosure are variables that may help improve this relationship.

Purpose: This study sought to answer if provider-patient race concordance and provider self-disclosure may improve patient trust, rapport, similarity, likeability, intention to disclose, satisfaction, behavioral intention to keep a provider, and intention to recommend a provider, while using empathy as a covariate.

The Dyadic Communicative Resilience Scale (DCRS): scale development, reliability, and validity.

Purpose: There has yet to be a quantitative measurement of communicative resilience processes as outlined in the Communicative Theory of Resilience (CTR). This study aims to determine the structure, reliability, and validity of the Dyadic Communicative Resilience Scale (DCRS) in cancer patients and partners.

Method: The DCRS was administered to 584 participants, including 312 cancer patients and 272 partners of cancer patients along with the common coping subscale of the dyadic coping inventory, the cancer-related communication problems with couples scale, and the resilience promoting scale.

Adolescents' perception of peer groups: Psychological, behavioral, and relational determinants.

Adolescents' social cognitive understanding of their social world is often inaccurate and biased. Focusing on peer groups, this study examines how adolescents' psychological, behavioral, and relational characteristics influence the extent to which they accurately identify their own and others' peer groups. Analyses were conducted with a sample of 1481 seventh- and tenth-grade Chinese students who are embedded with 346 peer groups.

The neural dynamics of speech perception: Dissociable networks for processing linguistic content and monitoring speaker turn-taking.

The neural circuitry for speech perception is well-characterized, yet the temporal dynamics therein are largely unknown. This timing information is critical in that spoken language almost always occurs in the context of joint speech (i.e.

The efficacy of the cycles approach: a multiple baseline design.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Cycles Phonological Remediation Approach as an intervention for children with speech sound disorders (SSD). A multiple baseline design across behaviors was used to examine intervention effects. Three children (ages 4;3 to 5;3) with moderate-severe to severe SSDs participated in two cycles of therapy.

Clarifications on mass media campaigns promoting organ donation: a response to Rady, McGregor, & Verheijde (2012).

The current paper provides readers some clarifications on the nature and goals of mass media campaigns designed to promote organ donation. These clarifications were necessitated by an earlier essay by Rady et al. (Med Health Care Philos 15:229-241, 2012) who present erroneous claims that media promotion campaigns in this health context represent propaganda that seek to misrepresent the transplantation process.

Brief report: learning via the electronic interactive whiteboard for two students with autism and a student with moderate intellectual disability.

The effects of a multicomponent intervention (a self-operated video modeling and self-monitoring delivered via an electronic interactive whiteboard (IWB) and a system of least prompts) on skill acquisition and interaction behavior of two students with autism and one student with moderate intellectual disability were examined using a multi-probe across students design. Students were taught to operate and view video modeling clips, perform a chain of novel tasks and self-monitor task performance using a SMART Board IWB. Results support the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention in improving students' skill acquisition.

HIV/AIDS in Botswana: President Festus G. Mogae's narrative of secular conversion.

Over the last decade, Botswana has been identified as a model for countries fighting against annihilation from HIV/AIDS. The country had the highest rate of HIV infections in the world in 2000, but by the end of Festus G. Mogae's presidential term in 2008 Botswana's situation had improved significantly, as residents were increasingly likely to get tested, obtain treatment, and discontinue practices of discrimination against the infected.

Postcolonial constructions of HIV/AIDS: meaning, culture, and structure.

As a field of inquiry, postcolonial health communication seeks to apprehend processes implicated in the construction of "primitive" versus "modern" with respect to issues of health. In the case of HIV/AIDS, the sociocultural representations of the disease have a profound impact on how the disease is configured medically and symbolically in dominant cultural imagination. Postcolonial constructions of disease are mobilized around the political and economic interests of the dominant power structures in global spaces.

Making sense of cancer news coverage trends: a comparison of three comprehensive content analyses.

Cancer stories (N = 5,327) in the top 50 U.S. newspapers were analyzed by a team of four coders and the results were compared with the earliest analyses of this type (from 1977 and 1980).

Effects of information, education, and communication training about organ donation for gatekeepers: clerks at the Department of Motor Vehicles and organ donor registries.

Context: Clerks at the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) serve as gatekeepers in the quest to fill organ donor registries. Most people who join organ donor registries do so through their local driver's license bureau.

Objective: To improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward organ donation among DMV clerks, and to improve strategies for communicating with the public about organ donation, resulting in more people joining DMV-based organ donor registries.

Medicating the mind: a Kantian analysis of overprescribing psychoactive drugs.

Psychoactive drugs are being prescribed to millions of Americans at an increasing rate. In many cases these drugs are necessary in order to overcome debilitating emotional problems. Yet in other instances, these drugs are used to supplant, not supplement, interpersonal therapy.