Sunscreen Application, Safety, and Sun Protection: The Evidence.

Recently in Canada, there has been an effort to create consistent messaging about sun safety as there is a lack of up-to-date evidence-based guidelines regarding sun-protection measures. This review aimed to provide updated, evidence-based recommendations on sunscreen application, safety, and sun protection regarding the following topics for which there is clinical uncertainty: physical barriers, sunscreen properties, sunscreen application, and risk-benefit analysis.

Current organization of specialist pulmonary hypertension clinics: results of an international survey.

Optimal pulmonary hypertension (PH) management relies on a timely, accurate diagnosis and follow-up in specialized clinics by multidisciplinary teams that have clearly defined responsibilities and protocols. Internationally agreed criteria for expert center staff are lacking, particularly with respect to nurses, who often act as a central component of the team. This survey aimed to evaluate the current organization of PH clinics and the role of nurses.

Metameric spinal AVM: Long-term symptomatic relief achieved by embolization of the extradural component.

Background: Metameric spinal cord arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare lesions characterized by an intradural and extradural component. They are difficult to treat surgically by the endovascular route. We report a case in which symptomatic relief was achieved by embolization of the extradural component only.

Emergency Surgery for Iatrogenic Injuries attributable to Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: When Planning and Time Matter.

See Article by Verevkin et al.

Young Stroke Survivors With No Early Recurrence at High Long-Term Risk of Adverse Outcomes.

Background Approximately 8% to 21% of strokes affect adults aged <45 years. Although early stroke recurrence conveys the largest risk, long-term risks for young survivors with no early complications are unclear. Methods and Results Longitudinal matched case-control study (2003-2013).

Population Health and Social Governance: A Review, an Update, Some Clarifications, and a Response.

Critical theory is a paradigm that promotes viewpoints that are alternative and, at times, contrary to mainstream beliefs and dictates. In 2012, I adopted this perspective to review the role of ethnography and surmised that the data which arise from this research approach, which I described as an in-depth study of cultures, can be used to discipline and control these groups. In this edition of Qualitative Health Research, another author has critiqued this position.

Characterizing Spontaneous Motor Recovery Following Cortical and Subcortical Stroke in the Rat.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of neurological disability, often resulting in long-term motor impairments due to damage to cortical or subcortical motor areas. Despite the high prevalence of subcortical strokes in the clinical population, preclinical research has primarily focused on investigating and treating cortical strokes. Moreover, while both humans and animals show spontaneous recovery following stroke, little is known about how injury location affects this process.

C-reactive Protein in HPV-Positive and HPV-Negative Oropharyngeal Cancer.

Objective: Evaluate serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharynx cancer as compared with HPV-negative oropharynx cancer and determine if CRP levels were associated with overall survival and/or recurrence-free survival.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care academic cancer center between 2007 and 2010.

An Exploratory Study of a Nurse-Led HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis Program.

The provision of HIV medications to HIV-negative persons after exposure to HIV is known as postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). Because this prevention strategy is primarily only available in emergency rooms, we piloted a nurse-led community-based PEP program in Ottawa from September 2013 through August 2015. As part of evaluating this program, we conducted qualitative interviews with persons who initiated PEP.

Nicotine metabolite ratio and smoking outcomes using nicotine replacement therapy and varenicline among smokers with and without psychiatric illness.

Introduction: It has been suggested that the effectiveness of nicotine replacement smoking cessation pharmacotherapy may be enhanced by assessing rates of nicotine metabolism using the nicotine metabolite ratio - which reflects differences in the activity of the CYP2A6 hepatic enzyme - and titrating doses appropriately. To date, supporting evidence is equivocal, with little information regarding the assessment and effectiveness of the nicotine metabolite ratio among smokers with psychiatric conditions.

Methods: The nicotine metabolite ratio of 499 smokers from the FLEX trial was determined using urine samples obtained at baseline.

Exploring Gender-Related Experiences of Cancer Survivors Through Creative Arts: A Scoping Review.

Negative health consequences of cancer and its treatments are multifaceted. Research suggests numerous psychosocial benefits may be gained by cancer survivors who engage in arts-based practices. To grasp the breadth of this literature, we undertook a scoping review exploring the intersection between arts-based practices, gender, and cancer.

Comparative Effectiveness and Harms of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography in Noncardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Intraoperative use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become commonplace in high-risk noncardiac surgeries but the balance of benefits and harms remains unclear. This systematic review investigated the comparative effectiveness and harms of intraoperative TEE in noncardiac surgery. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from 1946 to March 2017.

The Impact of a Transition of Care Program on Acute Myocardial Infarction Readmission Rates.

Hospital discharge is a high-risk time period, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients often have early readmissions. The authors hypothesized that a multifaceted AMI care coordination program would reduce early hospital readmission rates. The outcomes of patients receiving care coordination (n = 304) were compared to patients receiving standard care (n = 192).

Does Stroke Rehabilitation Really Matter? Part B: An Algorithm for Prescribing an Effective Intensity of Rehabilitation.

Background: The proportional recovery rule suggests that current rehabilitation practices may have limited ability to influence stroke recovery. However, the appropriate intensity of rehabilitation needed to achieve recovery remains unknown. Similarities between rodent and human recovery biomarkers may allow determination of rehabilitation thresholds necessary to activate endogenous biological recovery processes.

Difficult but Close Relationships: Children's Perspectives on Relationships With Their Mothers in the Context of Domestic Violence.

This article reports findings from a participative and qualitative study conducted with children who had experienced domestic violence, focusing on their perspectives on their relationships with their mothers. Three focus groups and 46 individual interviews were conducted with children to gather their experiences. The research findings demonstrate that women's and children's victimizations are inextricably linked, and that domestic violence affects mother-child relationships.

Does Stroke Rehabilitation Really Matter? Part A: Proportional Stroke Recovery in the Rat.

Background: In human upper-limb stroke, initial level of functional impairment or corticospinal tract injury can accurately predict the degree of poststroke recovery, independent of rehabilitation practices. This proportional recovery rule implies that current rehabilitation practices may play little or no role in brain repair, with recovery largely a result of spontaneous biological recovery processes.

Objective: The present study sought to determine if similar biomarkers predict recovery of poststroke function in rats, indicating that an endogenous biological recovery process might be preserved across mammalian species.

Improvements in Obstacle Clearance Parameters and Reaction Time Over a Series of Obstacles Revealed After Five Repeated Testing Sessions in Older Adults.

The purpose of this study was to investigate obstacle clearance and reaction time parameters when crossing a series of six obstacles in older adults. A second aim was to examine the repeated exposure of this testing protocol once per week for 5 weeks. In total, 10 older adults (five females; age: 67.

Exploring the Experiences of Persons Who Frequently Visit the Emergency Department for Mental Health-Related Reasons.

In this qualitative study, the experiences of persons who frequently visit the emergency department (ED) for mental health-related reasons were explored. Interpretive Description guided the design, and data were collected through interviews with 10 adults who made 12+ ED visits within a 1-year time frame (2015). Thematic analysis was used to analyze data inductively.

The Transliminal Self: The Ebb and Flow of the Kidney Transplant Experience.

For people with kidney disease, transplantation is considered a better treatment option than dialysis. A kidney transplant does not, however, ensure an illness-free existence. Compared with the wealth of literature produced from a biomedical perspective, there is little qualitative research focused on the young adult transplant experience.

Balance and Mobility Training With or Without Simultaneous Cognitive Training Reduces Attention Demand But Does Not Improve Obstacle Clearance in Older Adults.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether balance and mobility training (BMT) or balance and mobility plus cognitive training (BMT + C) would improve obstacle clearance and reaction time (RT); whether further improvements would be exposed in the BMT + C group relative to the BMT group; and whether possible improvements would be sustained at the follow-up. Healthy older adults were allocated to the BMT (n = 15; age: 70.2 ± 3.

Using Facebook and LinkedIn to Recruit Nurses for an Online Survey.

Social media is an emerging tool used by researchers; however, limited information is available on its use for participant recruitment specifically. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of Facebook and LinkedIn social media sites in the recruitment of nurses for an online survey, using a 5-week modified online Dillman approach. Within 3 weeks, we exceeded our target sample size ( n = 170) and within 5 weeks recruited 267 English-speaking nurses ( n = 172, Facebook; n = 95, LinkedIn).

Persistency of Biologic Therapies for Plaque Psoriasis in 2 Large Community Practices.

Background: Biologics have transformed the management of moderate to severe psoriasis. The persistency of biologics lacks real-world data.

Objectives: To quantify drug survival of infliximab (IFX), adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA), and ustekinumab (UST) and to identify potential factors affecting drug survival.