E-Cigarettes: Implications for Health Promotion in the Asian Pacific Region.

Since their introduction to the United States in 2007, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) use has grown exponentially. This rapid growth in e-cigarette use has been heralded by some as a potential important public health measure that could ultimately replace tobacco cigarettes, while others recommend a cautionary approach until there is clear evidence they will not become "new tobacco" bringing a possible myriad of other problems. E-cigarettes may have real benefits, however they do expose users and those nearby to organic compounds, solvents and particulate matter, with there being limited data relating to their health impact.

Welfare State Replacements: Deinstitutionalization, Privatization and the Outsourcing to Immigrant Women Enterprise.

The U.S. government has a long tradition of providing direct care services to many of its most vulnerable citizens through market-based solutions and subsidized private entities.

Association Between CRISPLD2 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Nonsyndromic Clefts of the Lip and/or Palate: A Meta-analysis.

Objective: Nonsyndromic clefts of the lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) are one of the most common polygenic diseases. Recently, many studies focused on the association between CRISPLD2 polymorphisms and NSCL/P risk. However, some studies have shown opposite results.

Coming of age in a conflict area: Mental health, education, employment, migration and family formation in the southernmost provinces of Thailand.

Objectives: Three southern provinces of Thailand - Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat - have been involved in a long period of unrest. Young people in these provinces have lived with this violence for many years. The objectives of this article are to assess the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms of young adults aged 18-24 years and to examine the perceived effects of the conflict on education, employment, social and religious life.

Geographic Clustering of Admissions to Inpatient Psychiatry among Adults with Cognitive Disorders in Ontario, Canada: Does Distance to Hospital Matter?

Objective: This study examined relationships among hospital accessibility, socio-economic context, and geographic clustering of inpatient psychiatry admissions for adults with cognitive disorders in Ontario, Canada.

Method: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using admissions data from 71 hospitals with inpatient psychiatry beds in Ontario, Canada between 2011 and 2014. Data included 7,637 unique admissions for 4,550 adults with a DSM-IV diagnosis of Delirium, Dementia, Amnestic and other Cognitive Disorders.

Fellowship Program in Health System Improvement: A novel approach integrating leadership development and patient-centred health system transformation.

This article highlights a novel approach to professional development, integrating leadership, development and patient-centred health system transformation in the new Fellowship Program in Health System Improvement offered by the School of Public Health at the University of Alberta. Early assessment of the program is also provided.

Patient empowerment: Its implementation and systems within hospitals in England and Greece.

Introduction: International health policies recognise patient empowerment, resulting in diverse empowerment models and systems. Research on organisational systems for implementing patient empowerment between countries or from organisational stakeholders' perspective, however, is limited. Aims and methodology: This paper explores and compares organisational systems and structures for patient empowerment implementation in six acute public hospitals in England and Greece (three in each country), their cross-case and cross-national similarities and differences.

Safety Climate Among Nontraditional Workers in Construction: Arguing for a Focus on Construed External Safety Image.

Safety climate, employees' perceptions of work-related safety, has been promoted as a leading indicator of workplace safety in construction. While research has primarily examined internal organizational sources (e.g.

Knockdown of Annexin A1 Enhances Radioresistance and Inhibits Apoptosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Radiotherapy is the primary treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma while radioresistance can hinder efficient treatment. To explore the role of annexin A1 and its potential mechanisms in radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2-sh annexin A1 (knockdown of annexin A1) and the control cell line CNE2-pLKO.1 were constituted and CNE2-sh annexin A1 xenograft mouse model was generated.

Use of and microbial resistance to antibiotics in China: a path to reducing antimicrobial resistance.

We analyzed China's current use of and microbial resistance to antibiotics, and possible means of reducing antimicrobial resistance. Interventions like executive orders within clinical settings and educational approach with vertical approaches rather than an integrated strategy to curb the use of antimicrobials remain limited. An underlying problem is the system of incentives that has resulted in the intensification of inappropriate use by health professionals and patients.

The design and rationale of an interdisciplinary, non-prescriptive, and Health at Every Size®-based clinical trial: The "Health and Wellness in Obesity" study.

Background: This manuscript describes the design and rationale of a clinical trial that aims to investigate the multiple physiological, attitudinal, nutritional, and behavioral effects of a new interdisciplinary intervention based on the Health at Every Size® (HAES®) approach in obese women.

Methods: This will be a prospective, 7-month, randomized (2:1), mixed-method clinical trial. Obese women will be recruited and randomly allocated into two groups.

Applying a health literacy lens to youth sport: a focus on doping prevention in Germany.

There are two camps when it comes to youth in high-performance sports and whether competition is good or destructive. Despite opportunities for positive development, the demands of increasing competitive levels and related situational stressors among young athletes can be a double-edged sword. Doping is becoming increasingly popular and more readily available to the youth sports population.

Qualitative Analysis of Infant Safe Sleep Public Campaign Messaging.

The 1994 Back to Sleep public education campaign resulted in dramatic reductions in sleep-related infant deaths, but comparable progress in recent years has been elusive. We conducted qualitative analyses of recent safe sleep campaigns from 13 U.S.

Undiagnosed and Uncontrolled Chronic Conditions in China: Could Social Health Insurance Consolidation Make a Change?

Policy makers in China are considering consolidating the country's fragmented health insurance programs. This system consists of three components. The Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) covers formal employees, the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) covers rural residents, and the Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) covers urban residents.

Adopting State-Level Policy to Support Physical Activity Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents: Georgia's SHAPE Act.

Physical inactivity among children is a public health problem associated with low levels of fitness, obesity, and increased risk of chronic diseases. Public health experts have identified policies targeting physical activity as a promising strategy to address this challenge. Understanding the process by which such policies are adopted may help to facilitate progress nationally.

Maternal depressive symptoms and child nutritional status: A cross-sectional study in socially disadvantaged Pakistani community.

Malnutrition is a primary cause of child morbidity and mortality. The effects of maternal depressive symptoms on children's health, especially their nutritional status, have received less attention in developing countries but needs to be evaluated to understand the public health implications of maternal depression. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between maternal depressive symptoms and children's nutritional status using data from low socioeconomic community in Pakistan.

The Role of Public Health Nutrition in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the Asia Pacific Region.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) replaced the Millennium Development Goals (MDCs) in 2015, which included several goals and targets primarily related to nutrition: to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger and to reduce child mortality and improve maternal health. In the Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health (APACPH) member countries as a group, infant and child mortality were reduced by more than 65% between 1990 and 2015, achieving the MDG target of two-thirds reduction, although these goals were not achieved by several smaller countries. The SDGs are broader in focus than the MDGs, but include several goals that relate directly to nutrition: 2 (zero hunger-food), 3 (good health and well-being-healthy life), and 12 (responsible consumption and production-sustainability).

A comparative study of negative life events and depressive symptoms among healthy older adults and older adults with chronic disease.

Objective: This study aims to study internal relations and functionary mechanism between social support, coping style, negative life events and depressive symptoms and compare these relations in healthy older adults and older adults with chronic disease.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015. In total, 1,264 older adults with chronic disease and 749 healthy older adults participated in this investigation which consist of socio-demographic characters, negative life events, social support, coping style and depressive symptoms.

A qualitative study of healthcare provider perspectives on measuring functional outcomes in geriatric rehabilitation.

Objectives: To explore, from the perspective of healthcare providers, the barriers to and facilitators of using standardized outcome measures of physical function in geriatric rehabilitation settings.

Methods: In-depth semi-structured interviews with medical doctors, nurses, physiotherapists and occupational therapists were conducted from three geriatric rehabilitation hospitals in Ontario. Qualitative content analysis through an inductive approach was used to identify barriers to and facilitators of outcome measurement in geriatric rehabilitation settings.