Physician Compliance With Bronchiolitis Guidelines in Pediatric Emergency Departments.

An online survey was administered through the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Section of Emergency Medicine Survey Listserv in Fall, 2017. was measured as never using chest X-rays, viral testing, bronchodilators, or systemic steroids. was measured as never using those modalities in a clinical vignette.

Venous thromboembolism after hospital discharge in pelvic and acetabular fracture patients treated operatively.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to determine the rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after discharge from the hospital in patients treated operatively with a pelvic ring or acetabular fracture and to define the main time frame in which VTE occurs within the 90-day period after hospital discharge.

Methods: California and Florida State Inpatient Databases from 2005 to 2009 were used to identify patients with clinically significant VTEs within 90 days of hospital discharge. ICD-9 diagnosis codes identified patients with a pelvic ring or acetabular fracture and a VTE.

Chest Pain, Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk, and Cardiology Referral in Primary Care.

Background: The atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) 10-year risk estimate is recommended by cardiologists for determining risk of a cardiac event. However, the majority of patients presenting to primary care with chest pain have noncardiac etiologies. Therefore, we determined if high versus low ASCVD risk was associated with primary care physicians' referral to cardiology in patients with and without chest pain.

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Adolescents and Young Adults: Survivorship Patterns and Disparities.

Purpose: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) head and neck cancer (HNC) patients require longer term follow-ups as they age; yet, little is known about factors associated with survivorship in this population. We aimed to describe nonclinical factors associated with HNC survivorship among AYAs.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results 18 database from 2007 to 2014 was queried.

Use of Short Message Service and Smartphone Applications in the Management of Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review.

Background: Mobile health and telemedicine are rapidly evolving fields used to provide healthcare remotely to patients. For surgical patients, telemedicine can improve patient education and remote monitoring of postoperative symptoms. We performed a systematic review of studies involving the use of short message service (SMS) and mobile application-based interventions in surgical patients to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each system, as well as of mobile interventions as a whole.

KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Care of Living Kidney Donors.

The 2017 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Care of Living Kidney Donors is intended to assist medical professionals who evaluate living kidney donor candidates and provide care before, during and after donation. The guideline development process followed the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and guideline recommendations are based on systematic reviews of relevant studies that included critical appraisal of the quality of the evidence and the strength of recommendations. However, many recommendations, for which there was no evidence or no systematic search for evidence was undertaken by the Evidence Review Team, were issued as ungraded expert opinion recommendations.

Summary of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Care of Living Kidney Donors.

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) engaged an evidence review team and convened a work group to produce a guideline to evaluate and manage candidates for living kidney donation. The evidence for most guideline recommendations is sparse and many "ungraded" expert consensus recommendations were made to guide the donor candidate evaluation and care before, during, and after donation. The guideline advocates for replacing decisions based on assessments of single risk factors in isolation with a comprehensive approach to risk assessment using the best available evidence.

Ostracism and Peer Victimization in Adolescents With and Without Mental Health Diagnoses in a Public Middle School Setting.

To better understand adolescents experiencing peer victimization, ostracism, and emotional health problems, this study aimed to describe a cohort of middle school students identified as having school peer-related social difficulties as 2 groups: those with mental health diagnoses (MHDs; n = 17) and those without diagnoses (n = 8). Participants were administered a test battery to examine communication ability, social responsiveness, social activity, ostracism, victimization, and emotional health. Results showed that adolescents with MHDs, relative to those without, scored significantly lower on measures of communication ability, social responsiveness, and social activity but similarly on measures of victimization, ostracism, and internalizing/externalizing factors.

Diagnostic Delays and Errors in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Opportunities for Improvement.

A retrospective review of 100 sequential patients (2009-2012) with head and neck cancer was performed to determine the frequency of 5 types of diagnostic delays and errors outlined by the Institute of Medicine. There were a total of 105 diagnostic delays/errors. The most common was delay in being seen in the otolaryngology clinic after referral placement (28.

New drug on the horizon for treating adenovirus.

Human adenoviruses can cause serious disseminated infections including death in immunosuppressed patients, especially pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) patients. There are no drugs approved to treat such infections. Cidofovir is used intravenously in many transplant clinics, probably with some effect, but controlled trials have not been completed.

Endogenous adenosine A3 receptor activation selectively alleviates persistent pain states.

Chronic pain is a global burden that promotes disability and unnecessary suffering. To date, efficacious treatment of chronic pain has not been achieved. Thus, new therapeutic targets are needed.