A Systematic Review of Caudal Anesthesia and Postoperative Outcomes in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients.

Objectives: In pediatric cardiac surgery, does caudal anesthesia promote early extubation, reduce pain scores, reduce stress responses, and length of stay (LOS)?

Design: A systematic review.

Participants: Inclusion criteria included cardiac surgical procedures (with or without cardiopulmonary bypass) in any subject between the ages of full-term newborn and 18 years receiving caudal anesthesia of any medication combination. Searches were conducted with assistance of an Academic librarian from 1947 to July 2017.

The Experiences of Parents of Pediatric Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, 2 Months After Completion of Treatment.

Diagnosis and treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be a highly stressful time for the entire family. While completion of treatment may bring relief to some families, it may also bring about additional anxieties and fear. The primary objective of this article is to present an analysis of the experiences, emotional states, and support needs of parents of pediatric cancer patients 2 months after treatment completion for ALL.

Development of a mHealth Real-Time Pain Self-Management App for Adolescents With Cancer: An Iterative Usability Testing Study [Formula: see text].

Purpose: A user-centered design approach was used to refine the mHealth Pain Squad+ real-time pain self-management app for adolescents with cancer for its usability (defined as being easy to use, easy to understand, efficient to complete, and acceptable).

Method: Three iterative usability testing cycles involving adolescent observation and interview were used to achieve this objective. During each cycle, adolescents used the app while "thinking aloud" about issues encountered.

Preventing the Progression of Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease in Infants Using a Composite Lipid Emulsion: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of SMOFlipid.

Background: To examine whether SMOFlipid prevents progression of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) in parenteral nutrition (PN)-dependent infants with early IFALD (conjugated bilirubin 17-50 µmol/L, 1-3 mg/dL).

Study Design: Pilot multicenter blinded randomized controlled trial comparing SMOFlipid with Intralipid. Patients received the trial lipid for up to 12 weeks, unless they achieved full enteral tolerance sooner.

Optimal therapy for desmoid tumors: current options and challenges for the future.

Desmoid tumors, or aggressive fibromatosis, are rare, locally infiltrative neoplasms caused by mutations that activate β-catenin. Although these tumors do not metastasize, they are difficult to manage due to variability in tumor presentation and behavior. A variety of treatment options exist, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, isolated limb perfusion, cryoablation and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.