Prognostic Value of D-Dimer in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection and Intramural Hematoma: Observations from the Acute Aortic Syndrome Group of the Registry of Acute Non-Traumatic Chest Pain in China.

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (AAD) and acute type A intramural hematoma (AIMH) are life-threatening conditions with high mortality rates, and prognostic indicators are critical for guiding urgent treatment decisions. We assessed the prognostic significance of admission D-dimer levels in patients with AAD and AIMH.

Methods And Results: The prospective, multicenter, observational study in China recruited participants from 2013 to 2019.

Trends in Sudden Cardiac Death Among Adults Aged 25 to 44 Years in the United States: An Analysis of 2 Large US Databases.

Background: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in early adults aged 25 to 44 years represents an important and unexpected cause of death. We assessed trends in SCD-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2020 among early adults to determine differences by sex, ethnoracial groups, urbanization, and census region.

Methods And Results: Mortality data were retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) data set from 1999 to 2020.

Saliva, Plasma, and Multifluid Metabolomic Signatures of Periodontal Disease, Type 2 Diabetes Progression, and Markers of Glycemia and Dyslipidemia Among Puerto Rican Adults With Overweight and Obesity.

Background: Evidence from cohort studies indicates a bidirectional relationship between periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to (1) identify saliva, plasma, and multifluid metabolomic signatures associated with periodontal disease and (2) determine if these signatures predict T2D progression and cardiometabolic biomarkers at year 3.

Methods And Results: We included participants from the SOALS (San Juan Overweight Adult Longitudinal Study) (n=911).

P53 Activation Promotes Maturational Characteristics of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes in 3-Dimensional Suspension Culture Via FOXO-FOXM1 Regulation.

Background: Current protocols generate highly pure human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in vitro that recapitulate characteristics of mature in vivo cardiomyocytes. Yet, a risk of arrhythmias exists when hiPSC-CMs are injected into large animal models. Thus, understanding hiPSC-CM maturational mechanisms is crucial for clinical translation.

Association of Cardiopulmonary Hemodynamics and Mortality in Veterans With Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH), associated with increased mortality, can limit treatment options for liver diseases. Data on the continuum of clinical risk related to cardiopulmonary hemodynamics in PoPH are lacking.

Methods And Results: As part of the United States national Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking database, we performed a retrospective cohort study of adults with cirrhosis undergoing right heart catheterization between October 1, 2017, and September 30, 2022.

New directions for Alzheimer's disease research from the Jackson Laboratory Center for Alzheimer's and Dementia Research 2022 workshop.

Introduction: In September 2022, The Jackson Laboratory Center for Alzheimer's and Dementia Research (JAX CADR) hosted a workshop with leading researchers in the Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) field.

Methods: During the workshop, the participants brainstormed new directions to overcome current barriers to providing patients with effective ADRD therapeutics. The participants outlined specific areas of focus.

Associations of stem cell markers in benign breast tissue with subsequent breast cancer risk.

We examined associations of stem cell markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in benign breast biopsy samples with subsequent breast cancer (BCa) risk and explored if these associations were mediated by mammographic breast density (MBD). We included 101 BCa cases/375 controls, all with previous biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease (BBD) within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. The data on BCa risk factors were obtained from biennial questionnaires.

Serial Assessment of Shock Severity in Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Background: One-time assessment of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) shock classification robustly predicts mortality in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). We sought to determine whether serial SCAI shock classification could improve risk stratification.

Methods And Results: Unique admissions to a single academic level 1 CICU from 2015 to 2018 were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Inverse relationship between amount and tumor CD274 (PD-L1) expression in colorectal carcinoma.

Objectives: The CD274 (programmed cell death 1 ligand 1, PD-L1)/PDCD1 (programmed cell death 1, PD-1) immune checkpoint axis is known to regulate the antitumor immune response. Evidence also supports an immunosuppressive effect of . We hypothesised that tumor CD274 overexpression might be inversely associated with abundance of in colorectal carcinoma.

Prognostic Importance of NT-proBNP (N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide) Following High-Risk Myocardial Infarction in the PARADISE-MI Trial.

Background: NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) is a potent predictor of death and heart failure (HF) across multiple populations. We evaluated the prognostic importance of NT-proBNP in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) complicated by left ventricular systolic dysfunction, pulmonary congestion, or both and ≥1 of 8 risk-augmenting factors enrolled in the PARADISE-MI trial (Prospective ARNI vs ACE Inhibitor Trial to Determine Superiority in Reducing Heart Failure Events After Myocardial Infarction).

Methods: Patients were randomized to sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg or ramipril 5 mg twice daily within 0.

Remote Cardiovascular Hypertension Program Enhanced Blood Pressure Control During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted traditional health care; one fallout was a drastic decrease in blood pressure (BP) assessment. We analyzed the pandemic's impact on our existing remote hypertension management program's effectiveness and adaptability. Methods and Results This retrospective observational analysis evaluated BP control in an entirely remote management program before and during the pandemic.

Ecological dynamics imposes fundamental challenges in community-based microbial source tracking.

Quantifying the contributions of possible environmental sources ("sources") to a specific microbial community ("sink") is a classical problem in microbiology known as microbial source tracking (MST). Solving the MST problem will not only help us understand how microbial communities were formed, but also have far-reaching applications in pollution control, public health, and forensics. MST methods generally fall into two categories: target-based methods (focusing on the detection of source-specific indicator species or chemicals); and community-based methods (using community structure to measure similarity between sink samples and potential source environments).

Dysregulated Genes, MicroRNAs, Biological Pathways, and Gastrocnemius Muscle Fiber Types Associated With Progression of Peripheral Artery Disease: A Preliminary Analysis.

Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with gastrocnemius muscle abnormalities. However, the biological pathways associated with gastrocnemius muscle dysfunction and their associations with progression of PAD are largely unknown. This study characterized differential gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression in gastrocnemius biopsies from people without PAD compared with those with PAD.

Coronary Artery Restenosis in Women by History of Preeclampsia.

Background A history of preeclampsia is associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease and experimental evidence suggests that a history of preeclampsia also increases the risk of restenosis. However, the extent to which a history of preeclampsia is associated with risk of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention in women is unknown. Methods and Results We included 6065 parous women aged ≤65 years with first percutaneous coronary intervention on 9452 segments 2006 to 2017, linking nationwide data on percutaneous coronary intervention and delivery history in Sweden.

Sacubitril/valsartan versus ramipril for patients with acute myocardial infarction: win-ratio analysis of the PARADISE-MI trial.

Aim: The win ratio can incorporate different types of outcomes and enhance statistical power, making it a useful method for analysing composite outcomes in cardiovascular trials. The application of this approach to the PARADISE-MI trial provides an additional perspective into understanding the effects of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Methods And Results: We conducted a post-hoc analysis of the PARADISE-MI trial, which randomly assigned patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, pulmonary congestion, or both to receive either sacubitril/valsartan (97 mg of sacubitril and 103 mg of valsartan twice daily) or ramipril (5 mg twice daily) in addition to guideline-recommended therapy.

Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms and COVID-19 have increased rates of arterial thrombosis.

Background: Both coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are associated with systemic inflammation and risk of thrombosis. Risk of thrombosis in patients with COVID with and without MPNs has not been extensively studied.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 44 patients with MPNs and 1114 patients without MPNs positive for SARS-COV-2.

StrainPanDA: Linked reconstruction of strain composition and gene content profiles via pangenome-based decomposition of metagenomic data.

Microbial strains of variable functional capacities coexist in microbiomes. Current bioinformatics methods of strain analysis cannot provide the direct linkage between strain composition and their gene contents from metagenomic data. Here we present -level genome ecomposition nalysis (StrainPanDA), a novel method that uses the pangenome coverage profile of multiple metagenomic samples to simultaneously reconstruct the composition and gene content variation of coexisting strains in microbial communities.

Plasma Levels of Advanced Glycation Endproducts and Risk of Cardiovascular Events: Findings From 2 Prospective Cohorts.

Background Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) have been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in cohorts with and without diabetes. Data are lacking on prospective associations of various α-dicarbonyl-derived AGEs and incident CVD in the general population. We tested the hypothesis that major plasma AGEs are associated with new-onset CVD in 2 population-based cohorts of differing age and comorbidities.

Association of Smartphone-Recorded Steps Over Years and Change in Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Working-Age Adults.

Background Few data exist on long-term steps and their relation to changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors. We aimed to examine the associations using long-term smartphone-recorded steps. Methods and Results The present analysis made use of data from 2 national databases and a commercial app database.