Biotechnological interventions and indole alkaloid production in Rauvolfia serpentina.

Rauvolfia serpentina (L). Benth. ex Kurz.

Inapt management of menstrual hygiene waste (MHW): An urgent global environmental and public health challenge in developed and developing countries.

Menstrual hygiene waste management has received lack of attention and hence it has been poorly investigated, mainly due to its association to social and cultural aspects of a natural process, that is often surrounded of entrenched stigma and taboos. Therefore, data about quantities and full lifecycle of the generated waste are often not available or suffer of large incertitude. However, this argument represents a relevant and critical issue, not only for the health of the women, their equality, and dignity, but also possible associated environmental concerns.

Cellular landscaping of cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer (CC) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the largest causes of malignancies in women worldwide. Cisplatin is one of the widely used drugs for the treatment of CC is rendered ineffective owing to drug resistance. This review highlights the cause of resistance and the mechanism of cisplatin resistance cells in CC to develop therapeutic ventures and strategies that could be utilized to overcome the aforementioned issue.

A survey on ethnoveterinary medicines used by the tribal migratory shepherds of Northwestern Himalaya.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tribal migratory shepherds (Gaddi) living in the Northwestern Himalayan region are well known for their nomadic lifestyle in which tribal migratory shepherds along with their livestock which mainly include sheep and goat migrate seasonally in the Northwestern Himalayan region from high hills to low hills for the survival of their livestock from cold winters and hot summer. Due to harsh environmental conditions, heavy snowfall, heavy rainfall, wild animal attacks, no medical facilities, no transportation, and no electricity facilities tribal migratory shepherds mostly rely on plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use to treat livestock disease.

Aim Of Study: The aim of our study is to conduct ethnoveterinary survey for the first time to document the contemporary oral ethnoveterinary knowledge of Gaddi shepherds living in Northwestern Himalayan region.

L. Leaves: Deciphering Its Antioxidant Bioactives, Biological Activities, Innovative Products, and Safety Aspects.

The prevalence of viral infections, cancer, and diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate around the world, and these diseases are now considered to be the most serious risks to human well-being in the modern period. There is a widespread practice in Asian countries of using papaya leaves ( L.) as herbal medicine, either alone or in combination with prescribed medications, to treat a variety of ailments.

Impact of hyperglycemia on the expression of GLUT1 during oral carcinogenesis in rats.

Background: On the background of the epidemiological link between diabetes and oral cancer, the present study aimed to analyze the potential involvement of selected glucose transporters (GLUT1/GLUT3/GLUT4), if any, in such putative association.

Methods And Results: Oral carcinogenesis was induced by 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide in 10 non-diabetic and 10 diabetic rats; 8 non-diabetic and 7 diabetic rats served as controls. Expressions of selected GLUTs at mRNA and protein levels were analyzed in oral tissue (normal/lesion) by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively.

The soil bacterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum, from biosynthesis of value-added products to bioremediation: A master of many trades.

Ever since its discovery in 1957, Corynebacterium glutamicum has become a well-established industrial strain and is known for its massive capability of producing various amino acids (like L-lysine and L-glutamate) and other value-added chemicals. With the rising demand for these bio-based products, the revelation of the whole genome sequences of the wild type strains, and the astounding advancements made in the fields of metabolic engineering and systems biology, our perspective of C. glutamicum has been revolutionized and has expanded our understanding of its strain development.

Current advances and research prospects for agricultural and industrial uses of microbial strains available in world collections.

Microorganisms are an important component of the ecosystem and have an enormous impact on human lives. Moreover, microorganisms are considered to have desirable effects on other co-existing species in a variety of habitats, such as agriculture and industries. In this way, they also have enormous environmental applications.

Apitherapy and Periodontal Disease: Insights into In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Studies.

Periodontal diseases are caused mainly by inflammation of the gums and bones surrounding the teeth or by dysbiosis of the oral microbiome, and the Global Burden of Disease study (2019) reported that periodontal disease affects 20-50% of the global population. In recent years, more preference has been given to natural therapies compared to synthetic drugs in the treatment of periodontal disease, and several oral care products, such as toothpaste, mouthwash, and dentifrices, have been developed comprising honeybee products, such as propolis, honey, royal jelly, and purified bee venom. In this study, we systematically reviewed the literature on the treatment of periodontitis using honeybee products.

From source to sink: mechanistic insight of photoassimilates synthesis and partitioning under high temperature and elevated [CO].

Photosynthesis is the vital metabolism of the plant affected by abiotic stress such as high temperature and elevated [CO] levels, which ultimately affect the source-sink relationship. Triose phosphate, the primary precursor of carbohydrate (starch and sucrose) synthesis in the plant, depends on environmental cues. The synthesis of starch in the chloroplasts of leaves (during the day), the transport of photoassimilates (sucrose) from source to sink, the loading and unloading of photoassimilates, and the accumulation of starch in the sink tissue all require a highly regulated network and communication system within the plant.

Biotechnology for micropropagation and camptothecin production in Ophiorrhiza sp.

Camptothecin (CPT) is a monoterpenoid-alkaloid, an anticancer compound from plant. Ever since its discovery in 1996 from the bark of Camptotheca acuminata, various researches have been conducted for enhancing its production. CPT has also been reported in several other species belonging to the plant families Icacinaceae, Rubiaceae, Apocynaceae, Nyssaceae, Betulaceae, Violaceae, Meliaceae, and Gelseminaceae.

Coupled effects of microplastics and heavy metals on plants: Uptake, bioaccumulation, and environmental health perspectives.

Microplastic pollution has severe ecological and environmental concerns because of its enormous production and discharge in natural ecosystems worldwide. Microplastics interact with heavy metals and metalloids like arsenic, chromium, copper, cadmium, and lead in soil and can cause detrimental effects on soil structure and microbial activities and subsequently impact the plants and human health. This article focuses on microplastic translocation from soil to plants together with heavy metals.

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) polysaccharides: Extraction, characterization, bioactivities, and industrial application.

Owing to numerous biological activities of different parts of Moringa oleifera Lam., various studies have been carried out to isolate and explore the activities of its various bioactive compounds including polysaccharides. Polysaccharides of M.

Recent advances in the potential applications of luminescence-based, SPR-based, and carbon-based biosensors.

The need for biosensors has evolved in the detection of molecules, diseases, and pollution from various sources. This requirement has headed to the development of accurate and powerful equipment for analysis using biological sensing component as a biosensor. Biosensors have the advantage of rapid detection that can beat the conventional methods for the detection of the same molecules.

Multiple roles for basement membrane proteins in cancer progression and EMT.

Metastasis or the progression of malignancy poses a major challenge in cancer therapy and is the principal reason for increased mortality. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the basement membrane (BM) allows cells of epithelial phenotype to transform into a mesenchymal-like (quasi-mesenchymal) phenotype and metastasize via the lymphovascular system through a metastatic cascade by intravasation and extravasation. This helps in the progression of carcinoma from the primary site to distant organs.

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) seed: A low-volume, high-value byproduct for human health and the food industry.

Guava processing industries generate peel and seeds as primary waste fractions. Guava seeds obtained after fruit processing possess untapped potential in the field of food science due to the presence of a diversity of nutritional and bioactive compounds. Along with offering a detailed understanding of the nutritional attributes of guava seeds, the present review comprehensively elaborates on the therapeutic activities of their bioactive compounds, their techno-functional properties, and their other edible and nonedible applications.

Molecular mechanisms of developmental pathways in neurological disorders: a pharmacological and therapeutic review.

Developmental signalling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch and Sonic hedgehog play a central role in nearly all the stages of neuronal development. The term 'embryonic' might appear to be a misnomer to several people because these pathways are functional during the early stages of embryonic development and adulthood, albeit to a certain degree. Therefore, any aberration in these pathways or their associated components may contribute towards a detrimental outcome in the form of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke.

Biotechnology for propagation and secondary metabolite production in Bacopa monnieri.

Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. or water hyssop commonly known as "Brahmi" is a small, creeping, succulent herb from the Plantaginaceae family.

Evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects of refractory pollutants of untreated and biomethanated distillery effluent using Allium cepa.

Environmental pollution caused by the discharge of raw and partly treated distillery effluent has become a serious and threatening problem due to its high pollution load. The aim of the present study was to assess the physicochemical load in alcohol distillery effluent before and after biomethanation treatment and the cyto- and genotoxicity effects of refractory pollutants emanated in raw/untreated and biomethanated distillery effluent on the ultrastructural and biochemical responses of Allium cepa root tip cells. Physicochemical analysis revealed high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD: 47840-36651 mg L), chemical oxygen demand (COD: 93452-84500 mg L) and total dissolved solids (TDS: 64251-74652 mg L) in raw and biomethanated effluent along with metal(loid)s (Fe: 456.

Mathematical modeling and optimal intervention strategies of the COVID-19 outbreak.

Unlabelled: 34,354,966 active cases and 460,787 deaths because of COVID-19 pandemic were recorded on November 06, 2021, in India. To end this ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic, there is an urgent need to implement multiple population-wide policies like social distancing, testing more people and contact tracing. To predict the course of the pandemic and come up with a strategy to control it effectively, a compartmental model has been established.

Safer plant-based nanoparticles for combating antibiotic resistance in bacteria: A comprehensive review on its potential applications, recent advances, and future perspective.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is one of the current threats to human health, forcing the use of drugs that are more noxious, costlier, and with low efficiency. There are several causes behind antibiotic resistance, including over-prescription of antibiotics in both humans and livestock. In this scenario, researchers are shifting to new alternatives to fight back this concerning situation.

Conditional Alternative Protein Splicing Promoted by Inteins from .

Protein splicing is a post-translational process by which an intervening protein, or an intein, catalyzes its own excision from flanking polypeptides, or exteins, coupled to extein ligation. Four inteins interrupt the MCM helicase of the halophile , two of which are mini-inteins that lack a homing endonuclease. Both inteins can be overexpressed in and purified as unspliced precursors; splicing can be induced by incubation with salt.

Modeling the dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic with implementation of intervention strategies.

The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic spread rapidly throughout India, with 34,587,822 confirmed cases and 468,980 deaths as of November 30, 2021. Major behavioral, clinical, and state interventions have implemented to mitigate the outbreak and prevent the persistence of the COVID-19 in human-to-human transmission in India and worldwide. Hence, the mathematical study of the disease transmission becomes essential to illuminate the real nature of the transmission behavior and control of the diseases.

Unravelling the multi-faceted regulatory role of polyamines in plant biotechnology, transgenics and secondary metabolomics.

Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous low-molecular-weight, aliphatic compounds with wide as well as complex application in fundamental areas of plant growth and development. PAs are mediator of basic metabolism of organisms which include cell division and differentiation, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, reversal of oxidative damage, stabilization of nucleic acids, and protein and phospholipid binding. In plants, it attributes in direct and indirect organogenesis, endogenous phytohormone regulation, cellular compartmentalization, fruit and flower development, senescence, and secondary metabolite production which are highly tuned as first line of defense response.

Podophyllum hexandrum and its active constituents: Novel radioprotectants.

Human exposure to radiation has expanded considerably in recent years, due to a wide range of medical, agricultural, and industrial applications. Despite its beneficial utilities, radiation is also known to have a deleterious effect on cells and tissues, largely through the creation of free radicals, which cause severe damage to biological systems through processes such as DNA double/single-strand fragmentation, protein modification, and upregulation of lipid peroxidation pathways. In addition, radiation damages genetic material while inducing hereditary genotoxicity.