Late Morbidity and Mortality Among Medulloblastoma Survivors Diagnosed Across Three Decades: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Purpose: Treatment of medulloblastoma has evolved from surgery and radiotherapy to contemporary multimodal regimens. However, the impact on long-term health outcomes remains unknown.

Methods: Cumulative incidence of late mortality (5 or more years from diagnosis), subsequent neoplasms (SNs), and chronic health conditions were evaluated in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study among 5-year survivors of medulloblastoma diagnosed between 1970 and 1999.

Integration of the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) Model Across Primary Care Settings.

This project sought to assess the generalizability, barriers, and facilitators of implementing the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) model for addressing psychosocial risk factors for maltreatment across multiple primary care settings, including a pediatric practice, federally qualified health center, and family medicine practice. The SEEK model includes screening caregivers for psychosocial risk factors at well-child visits age 0 to 5 years, brief intervention incorporating principles of motivational interviewing to engage caregivers, and referral to treatment. All practices successfully implemented SEEK, with screening completion rates from 75% to 93% and brief intervention rates from 61% to 81%.

Early Antibiotics and Childhood Obesity: Do Future Risks Matter to Parents and Physicians?

To understand how parents and physicians make decisions regarding antibiotics and whether a potential associated risk of obesity would alter decisions, we conducted a qualitative study of parents and physicians who care for children. Parent focus groups and physician interviews used a guide focused on experience with antibiotics and perceptions of risks and benefits, including obesity. Content analysis was used to understand how a risk of obesity would influence antibiotic decisions.

Adolescent and Parental Attitudes About Return of Genomic Research Results: Focus Group Findings Regarding Decisional Preferences.

Opportunities to participate in genomic sequencing studies, as well as recommendations to screen for variants in 59 medically actionable genes anytime clinical genomic sequencing is performed, indicate adolescents will increasingly be involved in decisions about learning secondary findings from genome sequencing. However, how adolescents want to be involved in such decisions is unknown. We conducted five focus groups with adolescents (2) and parents (3) to learn their decisional preferences about return of genomic research results to adolescents.

Perspectives of Community Co-Researchers About Group Dynamics and Equitable Partnership Within a Community-Academic Research Team.

Equitable partnership processes and group dynamics, including individual, relational, and structural factors, have been identified as key ingredients to successful community-based participatory research partnerships. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the key aspects of group dynamics and partnership from the perspectives of community members serving as co-researchers. Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 Latino immigrant co-researchers from an intervention project with Latinos Unidos por la Salud (LU-Salud), a community research team composed of Latino immigrant community members and academic investigators working in a health research partnership.

Shared Reading and Television Across the Perinatal Period in Low-SES Households.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that shared reading commence as soon as possible after birth and screen-based media be discouraged for those less than 18 months old. Early routines can predict long-term use and health outcomes. This longitudinal study involved low-socioeconomic status mothers (n = 282) enrolled in home visiting.

Psychometric Validation of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scales-Parent Version (RCADS-P) in Children Evaluated for ADHD.

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently experience comorbid internalizing symptoms. The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scales-Parent Version (RCADS-P) is a frequently used measure of anxiety and depression in children, though its psychometric properties remain unexamined in children referred for ADHD specifically. The present study evaluated the RCADS-P in 372 children (age 7-12 years; 68% male) referred for evaluation at an ADHD specialty clinic (89% met criteria for ADHD).

Challenges in Screening for Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of elevated liver enzymes in children in the United States. Screening for NAFLD in children with obesity is recommended by several published guidelines, but the application of these recommendations in pediatric weight management programs is uncertain. Our study aimed to describe the screening practices for NAFLD in a large pediatric weight management program.

Preliminary efficacy of a daily living skills intervention for adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder.

Daily living skills deficits are strongly associated with poor adult outcomes for individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder, and yet, there are no group interventions targeting daily living skills. Seven adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and their parents participated in a feasibility pilot of a 12-week manualized group treatment targeting specific daily living skills (i.e.

Developing a Health Care System for Children in Foster Care.

In 2012, the Comprehensive Health Evaluations for Cincinnati's Kids (CHECK) Center was launched at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center to provide health care for over 1,000 children placed into foster care each year in the Cincinnati community. This consultation model clinical program was developed because children in foster care have been difficult to manage in the traditional health care setting due to unmet health needs, missing medical records, cumbersome state mandates, and transient and impoverished social settings. This case study describes the history and creation of the CHECK Center, demonstrating the development of a successful foster care health delivery system that is inclusive of all community partners, tailored for the needs and resources of the community, and able to adapt and respond to new information and changing systems.

Facilitators and Barriers to Self-Management for Adolescents and Young Adults Following a Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant [Formula: see text].

Adolescents and young adults who experience hematopoietic stem cell transplant are at risk for self-management difficulties based on development, psychological comorbidities, and the complexity of the care regimen. Recommendations for practice change were designed to address facilitators and barriers to self-management for adolescents and young adults following hematopoietic stem cell transplant. As part of a grounded theory research study, 30 participants (17 adolescents and young adults and 13 of their caregivers) were individually interviewed and asked about facilitators and barriers to managing care and advice for health care providers.

Increasing HPV Vaccination Coverage Through Provider-Based Interventions.

With discouragingly low vaccination rates for human papillomavirus (HPV), we sought to improve the HPV vaccine completion rate for adolescents by increasing the consistency and quality of provider recommendations. Baseline data was extracted for vaccine completion rates among patients aged 13 to 17 years. Quality improvement measures led to interventions targeting factors associated with vaccine noncompletion, in particular, weaknesses in provider recommendations and patient characteristics most strongly correlated with missed vaccination opportunities.

Comparison of normal facial nerve enhancement at 3T MRI using gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine.

Background and purpose The facial nerve is unique among cranial nerves in demonstrating normal enhancement of particular segments. The effect of varying T1 relaxivities of gadolinium-based contrast agents on facial nerve enhancement is unclear. In this study, we assess differences in normal facial nerve enhancement with two different gadolinium-based contrast agents, gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Review of Current Literature.

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is efficacious in preventing complications of human papillomavirus infection including cervical cancer. However, there have been case reports of adverse events occurring after vaccination, one being postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). This article reviews published data and other available information regarding the relationship between the human papillomavirus vaccine and POTS.

Toward Establishing a Standard Symptom Set for Assessing Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Children: Evidence From Teacher Ratings in a Community Sample.

Despite increasing interest in sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) in children, the field is stymied by the lack of a standard symptom set that can be used across studies. Without a standard symptom set, it is difficult to determine if differences across studies are due to methodological or sample differences, or simply the way SCT was measured. To move the field toward a standard symptom set, this study evaluates a teacher-report rating scale of SCT revised based on recent meta-analytic findings that identified optimal items for distinguishing SCT from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder inattention (ADHD-IN).

Remote Ischemic Conditioning: The Commercial Market? CellAegis Perspective.

Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is at a pivotal point in its evolution, both in terms of its adoption as a therapy and its viability commercially. The most usual way of inducing RIC, with a standard blood pressure cuff and a stopwatch, is time-consuming and potentially inaccurate and unsafe. Development of automated devices have facilitated large-scale randomized trials and will make clinical deployment of the technique more straightforward.

"For Some Reason I Find it Hard to Work Quickly": Introduction to the Special Issue on Sluggish Cognitive Tempo.

The body of research investigating the sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) construct continues to accumulate at a rapid pace. This article provides an introduction to the Special Issue on SCT, which includes 10 empirical studies that collectively make a major contribution to the SCT knowledge base. Notably, the studies in this Special Issue include participants spanning in age from 4 to 64 years and from four continents, helping to move the field toward a life span, transcultural understanding of SCT.

Chemical and Common Burns in Children.

Burns are a common cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in children. Thermal and chemical burns are the most common types of burns. Their clinical appearance can be similar and the treatment is largely similar.

The Practices and Meanings of Care for Nurses Working on a Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant Unit.

Bone marrow transplant (BMT) units are stressful work environments with high staff burnout, anxiety, and turnover. A qualitative study was undertaken to better understand care for nurses within the context of their clinical practice on a pediatric BMT unit. Understanding care practices for BMT nurses will allow us to design interventions and provide appropriate support for this subspecialty of nurses.