Validating Drug Court Collaboration Instrument: Differences in Model Adherence Between Adult and Juvenile Drug Courts.

Drug courts aim to significantly address drug abuse and drug-related criminality. However, the effectiveness of drug courts varies from court to court. The variation of success demands insights regarding what is going on inside the "black box" of drug court practices.

Motivational Interviewing and Home Visits to Improve Health Behaviors and Reduce Childhood Obesity: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Childhood obesity prevalence is highest among low-income, Hispanic, and Black children. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of using motivational interviewing (MI) with home visits and the 5-2-1-0 program to improve health behaviors in children. Desirable health behaviors include daily consuming five servings of fruits or vegetables, limiting recreational screen time to 2 hours, exercising for 1 hour, and avoiding sugar-sweetened beverages.

Advocacy and Public Policy Perceptions and Involvement of College Health Promotion Students.

Understanding the advocacy and public policy training needs of our future health promotion workforce is crucial if we are to prepare them to meet their professional responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to examine health promotion students' advocacy/public policy involvement, training, and perceptions. Electronic surveys were disseminated nationwide to college students in health education and closely related programs.

Younger Total Knee Replacement Patients Do Not Demonstrate Gait Asymmetry for Heel Strike Transient or Knee Joint Moments That Are Observed in Older Patients.

Gait asymmetry is observed after total knee replacement, often leading to excessive forces at the contralateral limb. The number of total knee replacement procedures has increased substantially over the past 2 decades, particularly among younger patients. Relatively little is known regarding these younger patients (<65 y), specifically, with respect to gait asymmetry.

Conflicting Motivations: Understanding How Low-Status Group Members Respond to Ingroup Discrimination Claimants.

Previous research has found that among low-status individuals, both group identification (GID) and status-legitimizing beliefs (SLBs) motivate varying responses to ingroup discrimination claimants. SLBs are traditionally thought to motivate decreased support for low-status claimants, while GID is thought to motivate increased liking and support of ingroup members. The current research examines these conflicting influences on ingroup claimants among women (Studies 1a and 1b) and Latino/as (Studies 2 and 3).

Unpacking Adultification: Institutional Experiences and Misconduct of Adult Court and Juvenile Court Youth Living Under the Same Roof.

The present study explores the ability of juvenile waiver policy and the resulting adult court status to impact the experiences and behavior of male youth originating from differing jurisdictions but incarcerated together within state-level juvenile correctional facilities. Using official agency data and youth survey data, this research examines how "adult" status influences behavior for waived youth compared with their juvenile court counterparts. Structural equation modeling and multiple group analysis is used to determine the extent to which adult status moderates the measurement structure of models related to individual characteristics, institutional experiences, and institutional misconduct.

A Brief Stress Diagnostic Tool: The Short Stress Overload Scale.

The Stress Overload Scale (SOS) has demonstrated validity in predicting pathological stress reactions; however, at 30 items, it is lengthy for some clinical applications. Here, two studies tested a 10-item SOS-Short (SOS-S). First, the SOS-S was compared with the SOS in a longitudinal community study ( n = 391), using indices of pathology as criterion measures.

Oil Development and Intimate Partner Violence: Implementation of Section 8 Housing Policies in the Bakken Region of North Dakota and Montana.

One of the challenges survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) often face is securing safe and affordable housing. Many survivors qualify for public housing programs such as the Section 8 Project-Based Rental Assistance (PBRA) program and tenant-based Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCVP). These programs can be vital for survivors fleeing abuse and trying to rebuild their lives.

Age, Daily Stress Processes, and Allostatic Load: A Longitudinal Study.

The present study examined age differences in the association between daily stressors and allostatic load. Participants consisted of 317 adults (34-84 years) who participated in Waves 1 (1996-1997) and 2 (between 2005 and 2009) of the Midlife Development in the United States Survey. During Wave 1, participants reported the stressors they encountered across eight consecutive days.

University life with ASD: Faculty knowledge and student needs.

Increasingly, young adults with autism spectrum disorder are attending 4-year universities. The transition to adulthood can be challenging for these students, and university life poses its own set of demands. The present article takes a mixed-methods approach by including two studies utilizing complementary methodologies.

Differences Among Overhand, 3-Quarter, and Sidearm Pitching Biomechanics in Professional Baseball Players.

The purpose of this study was to assess biomechanical differences among overhand, 3-quarter, and sidearm arm slot professional baseball pitchers. It was hypothesized that kinematic and kinetic differences would be found among the 3 groups, with sidearm pitchers demonstrating greater movement along the transverse plane and overhead pitchers demonstrating greater movement along the sagittal plane. Based upon arm slot angle at ball release, 30 overhand, 156 three-quarter, and 21 sidearm pitchers were tested using a 240-Hz motion analysis system, and 37 kinematic and kinetic parameters were calculated.

Upper Trunk-Pelvis Coordination During Running Using the Continuous Relative Fourier Phase Method.

The upper trunk-pelvic coordination patterns used in running are not well understood. The purposes of this study are to (1) test the running speed effect on the upper trunk-pelvis axial rotation coordination and (2) present a step-by-step guide of the relative Fourier phase algorithm, as well as some further issues to consider. A total of 20 healthy young adults were tested under 3 treadmill running speeds using a 3-dimensional motion capture system.

Ventilatory Responses During Submaximal Exercise in Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Purpose: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic neurobehavioral disorder presenting hypothalamic dysfunction and adiposity. At rest, PWS exhibits hypoventilation with hypercapnia. We characterized ventilatory responses in children with PWS during exercise.

Health Issues and Injury Risks Associated With Prolonged Sitting and Sedentary Lifestyles.

Using a case study, this article reviews the health risks associated with prolonged sitting and the reasons sedentary workers are at risk for musculoskeletal injuries. Other health issues associated with prolonged sitting or sedentary behavior as well as the benefits of exercise are also explored. Finally, evidence-based interventions to reduce health risks associated with prolonged sitting may increase productivity.

A Qualitative Study of Latino Grandparents' Involvement in and Support for Grandchildren's Leisure Time Physical Activity.

Background: Latino grandparents are often involved in rearing of grandchildren. However, their roles in promoting Latino children's leisure time physical activity (LTPA) have been largely overlooked by researchers.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine Latino grandparents' involvement in and support for grandchildren's (age 2-12) LTPA as well as issues facing Latino grandparents.

How a Simple Ankle Sprain Turned Into Neuropathic Pain: Complex Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Versus Erythromelalgia.

A 36-year-old woman sustained a Grade 2 ankle sprain at work. Two days after the injury, the ankle and foot became red and she complained of "intense burning pain." First diagnosed with complex reflex sympathetic dystrophy, the employee was prescribed medications that provided some pain relief; a subsequent temporary nerve block provided additional relief.

Computer Vision Syndrome: Implications for the Occupational Health Nurse.

Computers and other digital devices are commonly used both in the workplace and during leisure time. Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a new health-related condition that negatively affects workers. This article reviews the pathology of and interventions for CVS with implications for the occupational health nurse.

Programmatic Moderators of CBT Correctional Treatment for Whites and African Americans.

A recent experimental evaluation of a cognitive behavioral intervention ( Reasoning and Rehabilitation) reported significantly greater reductions in recidivism for White male parolees than African American male parolees. These results prompted the present examination of whether specific program conditions may have differentially impacted program outcomes (returns to prison) for White ( n = 141) and African American ( n = 318) participants. Study participants were tracked for up to 33 months on parole.

An Accident-Prone Employee: No, Multiple Sclerosis.

An employee is labeled "accident-prone," and sustained an acute lumbar injury at work. Upon physical examination, a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was suspected. She was referred to a public health clinic for further evaluation.