Depressive Symptoms Following Later-life Marital Dissolution and Subsequent Repartnering.

The doubling of the divorce rate among individuals over age 50 during the past 20 years underscores the urgency of studying the consequences of gray divorce and subsequent repartnering for adult well-being. We filled this gap by using the 1998-to-2014 Health and Retirement Study to evaluate how the levels of depressive symptoms changed following gray divorce versus widowhood. Individuals who divorced or became widowed already had experienced higher levels of depressive symptoms dissolution relative to those who remained married.

Relations Among Victimization, Witnessing, and Perpetration of Aggression: Impact of Gender Among Youth Offenders.

The participants included 251 (158 males; 93 females) youth offenders who were arrested and incarcerated in a juvenile facility in the Midwest United States. The aims were to assess (a) how often they were a victim, a witness, and/or a perpetrator of social aggression, simple assault, and aggravated assault during the past year; (b) to examine whether exposure (either witness or victim or both) predicted committing three types of aggressive behaviors; and (c) to assess the impact of gender among the youth offenders. Differential predictability models were utilized to assess gender differences.

Carbazole-based donor-acceptor compounds: highly fluorescent organic nanoparticles.

Carbazole-based donor-acceptor compounds 1,2-dicyano-trans-1,2-bis-4-(carbazolyl)phenylethylene (1) and 1,2-dicyano-trans-1,2-bis-4-(3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazolyl)phenylethylene (2) were synthesized. 1 and 2 show negative solvatochromic absorption behavior, but show both positive and negative solvatochromic behavior in the fluorescence spectra. In a water/THF mixture, 1 as well as 2 aggregate into 50-150 nm nanoparticles.

Photodecarbonylation of alpha-diketones: a mechanistic study of reactions leading to acenes.

Poly(acene)s are significant compounds for various electronic applications. A clean, one-step synthesis involves alpha-diketones (2-4), which undergo facile Strating-Zwanenburg photodecarbonylation producing the corresponding poly(acene)s (i.e.

Rapid Regio- and Diastereoselective Paternò-Büchi Reaction of Alkyl Phenylglyoxylates.

Triplet excited states of alkyl phenylglyoxylates react rapidly (k = 9.4 x 10(9) M(-)(1) s(-)(1)) with electron rich alkenes forming oxetanes with high regio and stereoselectivity. The well-known intramolecular gamma-hydrogen abstraction (Norrish type II) cannot compete.