Impact of Disability on Postoperative Outcomes After Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery.

Introduction: Approximately 61 million individuals in the United States have a disability and face unique challenges, resulting in healthcare disparities.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of disability on postoperative outcomes and number of healthy days at home (HDAH).

Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer between 2017 and 2020 were identified using the Medicare database.

Estimated Burden of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in US Adults, 2020 to 2050.

Importance: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and is projected to become the leading indication for liver transplant (LT) in the US. Understanding its clinical burden can help to identify opportunities for prevention and treatment.

Objective: To project the burden of MASLD in US adults from 2020 to 2050.

Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Risk After Catheter Ablation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) is well-established. However, data on the impact of RA on AF recurrence postcatheter ablation (CA) remain unclear. This current study aimed to assess the impact of RA on AF recurrence after catheter-based pulmonary vein isolation.

Critically ill adult patients with acute leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To describe the use of life-sustaining therapies and mortality in patients with acute leukemia admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: The PubMed database was searched from January 1st, 2000 to July 1st, 2023. All studies including adult critically ill patients with acute leukemia were included.

Comparing laboratory toxicity of selective intra-arterial radionuclide therapy for primary and metastatic liver tumors: resin versus glass microspheres.

Objective: To compare the acute (within 30 days of treatment) laboratory toxicities of Yttrium-90 (Y-90) resin and glass microspheres.

Methods: Selective intra-arterial radionuclide therapies (SIRTs) with Y-90 resin and glass microspheres were retrospectively reviewed. Liver-hematological data were collected at baseline and at 1 week and 1 month follow-up.

Experimental and analytical study on axial behaviour of square corrugated concrete filled single and double skin tube stub columns.

Concrete-filled double-skin steel tubular (CFDST) columns have become widely utilized in building construction and bridges, thanks to their exceptional structural capabilities. Therefore, this study investigates the axial compressive behavior of square CFDST columns. The study aims to explore the influence of external and internal plate shapes (flat or corrugated plates) and different widths of internal steel tubes on the axial compressive behavior.

Application of the Diagnosis Grouping System to Pediatric Emergency Department Encounters.

Objective: Diagnosis grouping systems are essential for health services and epidemiological and health outcomes research. The Diagnosis Grouping System (DGS) was developed to classify International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnosis codes for pediatric emergency department (ED) encounters. We applied and compared the DGS to large samples of US ED encounters for children using 3 large health system databases.

Topological importance of CD8 T-cell enrichment in the tumor microenvironment of classic Hodgkin lymphoma.

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) histologically consists of Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), but the relationship between TME characteristics and clinical features of CHL remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of the TME structure on the outcomes of patients with CHL. We performed a high-throughput analysis of HRS cells and their topological relationship with the reactive immune cells in the TME.

Targeting refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma by CAR-WEE1 T-cells: In vitro evaluation.

Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) presents a major therapeutic challenge due to its resistance to standard treatments. Engineered T-cells, especially Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells, have shown promise in overcoming drug resistance. This study investigates the effectiveness of WEE1-engineered T-cells in targeting and eliminating refractory DLBCL in vitro.

The Impact of Language-Discordant Care Upon the Patient Family Experience in Pediatric Plastic Surgery.

Background: Patient satisfaction surveys usually overlook differences in patient family experience (PFE) for families whose spoken language is different from that of the treating physician. This study examines the relationship between language-discordant care and patient experience.

Methods: A retrospective review of deidentified pediatric plastic surgery PFE survey responses from 2018 to 2021 was performed with permission from Lurie Children's Hospital's PFE Team.

Health Care Utilization and Costs for Older Adults Aging Into Medicare After the Affordable Care Act.

Importance: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded Medicaid and Marketplace insurance to nonelderly adults in 2014, but whether these policies improved outcomes later in life is unknown.

Objective: To examine whether exposure to ACA expansions during middle age (50-64 years) was associated with changes in health, utilization, and spending after these adults entered Medicare at 65 years of age.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This serial analysis of the Health and Retirement Study cohort linked to Medicare enrollment and claims data from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2018.

A Narrative Review of the Vulvar Disease Literature With Images of Women of Color.

Objective: To assess the existing literature on vulvar disease in women of color (WOC).

Methods: A narrative review was conducted to assess the literature on vulvar disease in WOC and evaluate the presence of images in this population. The search encompassed PubMed and OVID using relevant terms related to vulvar conditions and various groups of WOC.

Challenges in Geographic Access to Specialized Pediatric Burn Care in the United States.

Background: Geographical access to pediatric burn centers in the US is not well described. Patients may receive care at American Burn Association (ABA)-verified burn centers, unverified burn centers, or non-burn centers. A recent study indicated that most US counties do not have an ABA-verified pediatric burn center within 100 miles.

Integrating single-cell multimodal epigenomic data using 1D convolutional neural networks.

Motivation: Recent experimental developments enable single-cell multimodal epigenomic profiling, which measures multiple histone modifications and chromatin accessibility within the same cell. Such parallel measurements provide exciting new opportunities to investigate how epigenomic modalities vary together across cell types and states. A pivotal step in using these types of data is integrating the epigenomic modalities to learn a unified representation of each cell, but existing approaches are not designed to model the unique nature of this data type.

Investigative genetic genealogy practices warranting policy attention: Results of a modified policy Delphi.

A technique known as investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) was first introduced to criminal investigations in 2018, and it has since been used by U.S. law enforcement to help identify hundreds of criminal perpetrators and unidentified human remains.

Xanomeline-trospium (Cobenfy) for Schizophrenia: A Review of the Literature.

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental illness associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Antipsychotics primarily rely on direct dopamine blockade, leading to potential life-interfering adverse events. The purpose of this review is to describe the safety and efficacy of xanomeline-trospium (Cobenfy), a Food and Drug Administration approved treatment for schizophrenia in adults.

Revered and Reviled: The Plight of the Vanishing Sea Cucumbers.

Sea cucumbers paradoxically suffer from being both highly prized and commonly disregarded. As an Asian medicine and delicacy, they command fabulous prices and are thus overfished, poached, and trafficked. As noncharismatic animals, many are understudied and inadequately protected.

Application of supervised learning models for enhanced lead (II) removal from wastewater via modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs).

Heavy metal ions are acknowledged to impact the environment and human health adversely. CNCs are effective materials for removing heavy metal ions in industrial applications and process innovations since they can be used in static and dynamic adsorption processes. Cost-effective, uncomplicated water treatment technologies must be developed using biodegradable polymers, namely, modified cellulose nanocrystals.

Latent motor growth trajectories of term and preterm infants based on caregiver report.

Early motor development is a key predictor of development in other skill domains and specific neurodevelopmental disorders, but it is typically measured as achievement of milestones rather than rate of development. To explore the value of the latter approach, this study utilized a novel caregiver report method to examine differences in the developmental trajectory of motor development in term-born compared to preterm-born infants. Caregiver-infant dyads (331 term, 240 preterm) were followed from birth through 12 months (48% female; 6.

Two-year outcomes using fast-acting sub-perception therapy for spinal cord stimulation: results of a real-world multicenter study in the United States.

Background: Fast-acting Sub-perception Therapy (FAST) is a novel spinal cord stimulation (SCS) modality delivering paresthesia-free pain relief. Our study evaluated the longer-term, real-world impact of FAST on chronic pain.

Research Design And Methods: As part of a multicenter, real-world, consecutive case series, we retrospectively identified patients who used FAST-SCS and analyzed their data.

Long-term cognitive and autonomic effects of COVID-19 in young adults: a cross-sectional study at 28 months.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has had profound global impacts since its emergence in late 2019. Whilst acute symptoms are well-documented, increasing evidence suggests long-term consequences extending beyond the acute phase. This study aimed to investigate the long-term cognitive and autonomic effects of COVID-19 in young adults.

Hospital Involvement in Screening for and Addressing Patients' Health-Related Social Needs.

The number of hospitals screening patients for health-related social needs (HRSNs) has increased substantially in recent years, yet little is known about the extent to which hospitals invest in programs or strategies aimed at addressing identified needs. Using data from the 2022 American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey for 2,468 non-federal general medical and surgical hospitals, this study explored screening rates and related interventions for eight HRSNs: housing, food insecurity, utilities, interpersonal violence, transportation, employment or income, education, and social isolation. Sample hospitals screened for an average of 6.

Cleft-Related Revision Procedures: Surgeon Perspectives on Shared Decision-Making and a Decision Aid Prototype.

Objective: Decision-making for elective cleft lip and nose revisions varies widely, from patient-led decisions to more paternalistic approaches. As these procedures incur additional scarring that may impact future interventions, patients should be equipped to participate in these surgical decisions. We thus developed a decision aid based on international standards, and to ensure methodologic rigor, we sought feedback from other surgeons regarding shared decision-making and potential barriers to adopting the decision aid.

Workforce Attrition Among Emergency Medicine Non-Physician Practitioners.

Study Objective: Non-physician practitioners, including nurse practitioners and physician assistants, increasingly practice in emergency departments, especially in rural areas, where they help mitigate physician shortages. However, little is known about non-physician practitioner durability and demographic trends in emergency departments. Our objective was to examine attrition rates and ages among non-physician practitioners in emergency medicine.