Increased Early Revision Rate With the INFINITY Total Ankle Prosthesis.

Background:: A number of new 2-component total ankle arthroplasty systems that emphasize minimal bone resection have been introduced for which few clinical outcomes reports are available. Our aim was to identify the rate of early revision among patients receiving the 2-component INFINITY prosthesis.

Methods:: Patients from 2 prospectively collected databases at the authors' institution were screened for inclusion in the present study.

Patient-Reported Outcomes Before and After Primary and Revision Total Ankle Arthroplasty.

Background:: Studies examining the clinical outcomes of revision total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) are sparse. Revision TAA surgery has become more common with availability of revision implants and refinement of bone-conserving primary implants. In this study, patient-reported results and clinical outcomes were analyzed for a cohort of patients who underwent both primary and revision TAA at a single high-volume institution.

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Older Children With and Without Diabetes Mellitus.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are an underrecognized complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) in adults and have undergone limited investigation in children. We estimated the prevalence of LUTS in 120 older children (11-17 years) with and without DM and identified patient factors associated with LUTS in logistic regression. Older children (11-17 years) completed a validated LUTS measure and questions about age, ethnicity, gender, body mass index, and degree of bother secondary to LUTS.

Comparison of Surgical Site Infections in Ankle Fracture Surgery With or Without the Use of Postoperative Antibiotics.

Background: Surgeon preference has been replaced by an approach using evidence-based medicine in clinical decision making. The use of postoperative antibiosis in ankle fracture surgery is more common for inpatients but variable for outpatient surgery. Some surgeons prefer to prescribe 24 hours of oral antibiotics, whereas others give no antibiotics at all postoperatively.

Cross-Validating a Structural Model of Factors Influencing Diabetes Self-Management in Chinese Americans with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to cross-validate a structural model depicting the effects of individual and environmental factors on diabetes self-management in Chinese Americans with type 2 diabetes.

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was administered to a convenience sample of 209 Chinese Americans with type 2 diabetes in the Midwest of the United States. Structural equation modeling was used to cross-validate the model fit.

Factor Structure for Chronic Stress Before and During Pregnancy by Racial/Ethnic Group.

This study aimed to explore race/ethnicity-specific dimensionalities of chronic stress before and during pregnancy for non-Hispanic (N-H) White, N-H Black, Hispanic, and Asian women in the United States. This study analyzed the data among 6,850 women from the New York City and Washington State Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (2004-2007) linked with birth certificates. Separate exploratory factor analysis was conducted by race/ethnicity using a maximum-likelihood extraction method with 26 chronic stress items before and during pregnancy.

Hallux Interphalangeal Arthrodesis Following First Metatarsophalangeal Arthrodesis.

Background: Hallux interphalangeal (IP) arthritis can occur after first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) arthrodesis. IP arthrodesis is a standard treatment, but in the setting of prior MTP surgery there will be increased stress on the IP joint. This may result in diminished potential for bone healing.

Mitral Intervention with LVAD: Preparing for Recovery.

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) insertion is an increasingly common treatment of advanced heart failure. Insertion guidelines suggest regurgitant lesions of the mitral valve should not be addressed. However, recent evidence suggests that mitral regurgitation may not necessarily improve with LVAD insertion, and such patients may have worse outcomes.

Examining the viability of carbon fiber reinforced three-dimensionally printed prosthetic feet created by composite filament fabrication.

Background:: A low-cost, yet high-functioning, fabrication method for prosthetic components is needed to provide underserved amputee communities with quality mobility devices. Three-dimensional printing is a potential alternative, yet limitations in material characteristics have previously prevented the technology from emerging as a solution.

Objective:: To validate the application of a novel three-dimensional printing technique as a fabrication method for creating fiber composite patient end-use prosthetic feet.

CYP2B6 Genetic Polymorphisms, Depression, and Viral Suppression in Adults Living with HIV Initiating Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens in Uganda: Pooled Analysis of Two Prospective Studies.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP2B6 have been shown to predict variation in plasma efavirenz concentrations, but associations between these SNPs and efavirenz-mediated depression and viral suppression are less well described. We evaluated three SNPs in CYP2B6 (rs3745274, rs28399499, and rs4803419) in Ugandan persons living with HIV. To define exposure, we used previously published pharmacokinetic modeling data to categorize participants as normal, intermediate, and poor efavirenz metabolizers.

Outcomes of Acute Hematogenous Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Total Ankle Arthroplasty Treated With Irrigation, Debridement, and Polyethylene Exchange.

Background: Acute hematogenous periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is defined in the literature as infection diagnosed and treated within 2 to 4 weeks from the onset of symptoms. In total hip and knee arthroplasty, irrigation and debridement (I&D) and polyethylene exchange with component retention has been studied extensively. However, there is minimal literature evaluating this treatment method for PJI in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA).

Exposure to Biracial Faces Reduces Colorblindness.

Across six studies, we demonstrate that exposure to biracial individuals significantly reduces endorsement of colorblindness as a racial ideology among White individuals. Real-world exposure to biracial individuals predicts lower levels of colorblindness compared with White and Black exposure (Study 1). Brief manipulated exposure to images of biracial faces reduces colorblindness compared with exposure to White faces, Black faces, a set of diverse monoracial faces, or abstract images (Studies 2-5).

Generativity Among Elderly in a Rural Area of Maharashtra, India: Correlates and Relationship With Quality of Life Approved.

Generativity, "a concern for others and a need to contribute something to the next generation," is a dimension of successful aging in and of itself, but also predicts other positive health outcomes. We examine its manifestations and correlates among elderly in rural India and assess the association between generativity and quality of life (QoL). Three hundred and forty-eight rural Indian elderly completed an interviewer-assisted questionnaire assessing generativity, QoL, and other personal and familial factors.

CT Fluoroscopy-Guided Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injections in the Cervical Spine: Rate of Nontarget Injection Into the Retrodural Space of Okada.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of inadvertent injection into the retrodural space of Okada during CT fluoroscopy-guided interlaminar epidural steroid injection in the cervical spine.

Materials And Methods: Images from cases of cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection under CT fluoroscopic guidance performed at a single institution between November 2009 and November 2015 were obtained and reviewed. For all cases, the following information was recorded: presence or absence of contrast material within the Okada space, cervical anatomic level at which the procedure was performed, laterality of approach, trainee presence, and years of proceduralist experience.

Providing Palliative Care in the Medical ICU: A Qualitative Study of MICU Physicians' Beliefs and Practices.

Context: With the current and projected shortage of palliative care (PC) specialists, an integrative model of PC will be needed to meet the needs of patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Prior studies of PC interventions suggest that success depends upon meeting the needs of individual institutions or ICUs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore the beliefs and practices of one institution's medical ICU (MICU) physicians in regard to providing an integrative model of PC.

Lateralizing Calcaneal Osteotomies and Their Effect on Calcaneal Alignment: A Three-Dimensional Digital Model Analysis.

Background: Few authors have directly compared multiple types of lateralizing calcaneal osteotomies (LCOs) in terms of their ability to achieve deformity correction. The aim of this research was to use a digital model of a varus hindfoot to compare 4 different LCOs in terms of deformity correction and amount of tuberosity lateralization required. The authors hypothesis was that osteotomies involving a wedge resection would achieve greater correction with less lateralization.

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cognitive Symptoms During the Menopausal Transition.

The purpose of this study was to explore racial/ethnic differences in midlife women's cognitive symptoms among four major racial/ethnic groups in the United States and to determine multiple factors that influenced the women's cognitive symptoms. This was a secondary analysis of the data from two larger studies among 1,054 midlife women. The instruments included multiple questions on background characteristics and health and menopausal status, and the Cognitive Symptom Index for Midlife Women.

Computer vision analysis captures atypical attention in toddlers with autism.

To demonstrate the capability of computer vision analysis to detect atypical orienting and attention behaviors in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder. One hundered and four toddlers of 16-31 months old (mean = 22) participated in this study. Twenty-two of the toddlers had autism spectrum disorder and 82 had typical development or developmental delay.

A Standardized Education Checklist for Parents of Children Newly Diagnosed With Cancer: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.

Parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer must acquire new knowledge and skills in order to safely care for their child at home. Institutional variation exists in the methods and content used by nurses in providing the initial education. The goal of this project was to develop a checklist, standardized across institutions, to guide nursing education provided to parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer.

A Tablet-Based Educational Tool: Toward More Comprehensive Pediatric Patient Education.

There is a paucity of data on the impact of mobile technology on physician-led education in the pediatric population. We performed a prospective pilot study in a pediatric diabetes clinic to evaluate the impact of tablet-based patient education. A total of 106 patients and caregivers completed postclinic surveys, 64 (60%) in the intervention group and 42 (40%) in the control group.