Plasma biomarkers of amyloid, tau, astrogliosis, and axonal injury in a mixed memory clinic cohort.

Introduction: Studies have shown that blood biomarkers can differentiate dementia disorders. However, the diagnosis of dementia still relies primarily on cerebrospinal fluid and imaging modalities. The new disease-modifying treatments call for more widely applicable biomarkers.

No Bacterial Biomass Detected in Tissue From Patients With Ovarian Cancer and Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinomas Using 16S rDNA Sequencing.

The ovarian oncobiome is subject to increasing scientific focus, but a potential link between bacterial dysbiosis and ovarian carcinogenesis remains controversial. Our primary aim was to characterize the bacterial microbiota in epithelial ovarian cancer samples. Secondarily, we aimed to compare results from the bacterial microbiota in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ovarian tissue samples from 194 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube tissue samples from 16 patients with serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas and in benign fallopian tube tissue samples from 25 patients.

Childhood vaccinations and the risk of leukemia: A nationwide cohort study.

A protective effect of childhood vaccinations on leukemia risk, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), has been hypothesized, though findings are inconsistent. We used a nationwide cohort of Danish children born 1997-2018 (n = 1,360,230), to examine associations between childhood vaccinations and leukemia (<20 years) using registry data (follow-up: December 31, 2018). Cox proportional hazard models with age as the underlying time estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for leukemia (any, ALL, acute myeloid [AML], and other), comparing vaccinated with unvaccinated children.

Clinical validation of explainable AI for fetal growth scans through multi-level, cross-institutional prospective end-user evaluation.

We aimed to develop and evaluate Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for fetal ultrasound using actionable concepts as feedback to end-users, using a prospective cross-center, multi-level approach. We developed, implemented, and tested a deep-learning model for fetal growth scans using both retrospective and prospective data. We used a modified Progressive Concept Bottleneck Model with pre-established clinical concepts as explanations (feedback on image optimization and presence of anatomical landmarks) as well as segmentations (outlining anatomical landmarks).

Socioeconomic position and sudden cardiac death: A Danish nationwide study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine differences in incidence rates of all-cause mortality (ACM) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in persons of differing socioeconomic position (SEP).

Methods: All deaths in Denmark from 01-01-2010 to 31-12-2010 (1 year) were included. Autopsy reports, death certificates, discharge summaries and nationwide health registries were reviewed to identify cases of SCD.

Impact of COVID-19 on testing, positive cases, patient characteristics, and hospital contacts for respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and pneumococcus in Danish children.

Background: Respiratory infections substantially impact pediatric health. The COVID-19 pandemic introduced widespread non-pharmaceutical interventions, which influenced the incidence of common respiratory infections. This comprehensive study investigates the impact of these interventions on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and invasive pneumococcal disease in Danish children.

Long-term effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on social functioning and health care outcomes.

Introduction: Research on the long-term effects of treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on educational and social outcomes is limited. This study aims to evaluate long-term social functioning outcomes in patients with ADHD and the potential effects of pharmacological treatment for ADHD.

Methods: We used National Patient Registry data from 1995 to 2016 to identify patients diagnosed with ADHD and those collecting ADHD medication.

Dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis 40 years after diagnosis.

There is limited knowledge on diffusing capacity in scoliosis patients. It remains to be determined if impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity is mostly influenced by reduced alveolar-capillary membrane diffusing capacity (D), reduced pulmonary capillary blood volume (V) or both. This study aims to report findings from dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (D) with quantification of pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for haemoglobin with a five s breath-hold (D) and nitric oxide with a five s breath-hold (D), D and V.

Lower Bone Mineral Density in Female Elite Athletes With Menstrual Dysfunction From Mixed Sports.

Menstrual dysfunction (MD) in female athletes might be indicative of the syndrome of relative energy deficiency in sports (REDs), associated with, e.g., impaired bone health, an increased risk of injury, and decreased performance.

Coasting related to taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review.

Background And Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common dose limiting adverse effect that may be transient or become persistent after the treatment ended. The taxane paclitaxel induces CIPN in 57-83% of patients treated. The neuropathy may debut or progress after the end of treatment (EOT), known as coasting, but little is known about the incidence of this phenomenon.

Measuring psychological well-being in a danish pregnancy cohort using the self-reported WHO-5 index.

Background: Reduced well-being and depressive episodes frequently complicate pregnancy and can result in serious adverse outcomes for both mother and infant if left untreated. This study aimed to assess the psychometric validity of the 5-item World Health Organization index (WHO-5), and to evaluate if the WHO-5 index can serve as a proxy for two items of core depressive symptoms from the Major Depression Inventory (MDI), identified as MDI-2. Additionally, the paper aimed to assess well-being and detect risk factors of reduced well-being using the WHO-5 index.

The Clinical Impact of the Introduction of a Robot-Assisted Program in a Specialized Hernia Center: A Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study on Short-Term Outcomes.

Background: The role of robot-assisted approach in hernia surgery remains controversial due to high procedural costs and the proposed equal outcomes compared with open surgery. In this study, we report the 30-day results of the introduction of robot-assisted approach in a specialized regional ventral hernia repair center.

Methods: This was a retrospective single-center cohort study including patients undergoing either robot-assisted or open ventral hernia repair from 2017 to 2022.

Ethnic and racial influences on blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.

Background: Little is known about confounding factors influencing Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood biomarker concentrations.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to explore the available evidence for the influences of ethnicity and race on AD blood biomarker concentrations.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science databases spanning from inception until 15 June 2023.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing 3 Aortic Valve Interventions: The THIRD Multicenter Registry.

Background: Lifetime treatment of aortic valve disease is a matter of increasing debate. Although the risks of a second aortic valve intervention are recognized, little attention has been given to the challenges of a third.

Objectives: This study delves into the clinical characteristics, indications, and outcomes of patients undergoing 3 aortic valve interventions.

Competitive displacement of lipoprotein lipase from heparan sulfate is orchestrated by a disordered acidic cluster in GPIHBP1.

Movement of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) from myocytes or adipocytes to the capillary lumen is essential for intravascular lipolysis and plasma triglyceride homeostasis-low LPL activity in the capillary lumen causes hypertriglyceridemia. The trans-endothelial transport of LPL depends on ionic interactions with GPIHBP1's intrinsically disordered N-terminal tail, which harbors two acidic clusters at positions 5-12 and 19-30. This polyanionic tail provides a molecular switch that controls LPL detachment from heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) by competitive displacement.

The impact of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer: an international multicenter study.

Purpose: To assess the association between neoadjuvant therapy and overall survival (OS) in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) compared to upfront surgery.

Background: Left-sided pancreatic cancer is associated with worse OS compared to right-sided pancreatic cancer. Although neoadjuvant therapy is currently seen as not effective in patients with RPC, current randomized trials included mostly patients with right-sided RPC.

Smoking and testicular cancer: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: Testicular cancer (TC) incidence has increased worldwide, but specific exposures of TC still need investigation. In this cohort study, we investigated the association between mothers' smoking and the risk of TC in their sons. TC was divided into the morphological subtype seminoma and non-seminomas.

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Post-Traumatic Headache: A Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: To evaluate existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies on post-traumatic headache (PTH) following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Recent Findings: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases from inception to February 1, 2024. Eligible fMRI studies were required to include adult participants diagnosed with acute or persistent PTH post-TBI in accordance with any edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders.

The value of magnetic resonance imaging of the optic nerve for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in patients with optic neuritis.

Background: Although optic neuritis (ON) is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), lesions of the optic nerve are not included as an anatomical substrate for dissemination in space and time (DIS and DIT).

Objective: To assess the increase in sensitivity of including MRI lesions of the optic nerve for the diagnosis of MS in patients with ON.

Methods: We included patients consecutively referred with first time, monosymptomatic ON, with no known cause of the ON, who underwent orbital MRI including fat suppressed T2 and T1-sequences with and without gadolinium contrast.

Cystic fibrosis and the clinical biofilm revolution A survey of the Danish CF Center's contribution.

Biofilm infections are chronic infections which are difficult to diagnose. Biofilm infections are tolerant to antibiotics and the defense mechanisms of the host. Patients with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF) produce viscid mucus in the respiratory tract and therefore suffer from chronic biofilm infections in their lungs and paranasal sinuses.

Validation of the 5-SNP score for the prediction of venous thromboembolism in a Danish fast-track cohort of 6789 total hip and total knee arthroplasty patients.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Despite improvements with fast-track treatment protocols, 0.5% of patients still develop a VTE within 90-days postoperatively.