The long-term risk of immune-related conditions in survivors of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A Danish nationwide registry study.

Background: There is limited knowledge of the long-term effects on the immune system after treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods: This study included DLBCL patients from the Danish Lymphoma Registry who obtained complete remission (CR) after (R)-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone)-like immunochemotherapy. Each R CHOP-like treated patient was matched to five comparators from the Danish background population and furthermore compared to R CHOP-like treated patients.

Orbitopalpebral emphysema in a child after the removal of a giant meningioma: a case report and mini-review.

Research Question: to describe and investigate the case of an 11-year-old boy with the concomitant pneumocephalus, subcutaneous- and orbitopalpebral emphysema after the removal of a giant meningioma. Furthermore, our aim is to discuss the findings and the pathophysiology in relation to cases found in literature.

Material And Methods: We performed a search in PubMed, Cochrane, MEDLINE and Google Scholar by the usage of the words orbital or periorbital, combined with emphysema and neurosurgery.

Multiomic analyses direct hypotheses for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease risk genes.

Prions are assemblies of misfolded prion protein that cause several fatal and transmissible neurodegenerative diseases, with the most common phenotype in humans being sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Aside from variation of the prion protein itself, molecular risk factors are not well understood. Prion and prion-like mechanisms are thought to underpin common neurodegenerative disorders meaning that the elucidation of mechanisms could have broad relevance.

Whole genome sequencing of 10 families with optic disc drusen.

Introduction: Optic disc drusen (ODD) are believed to have a genetic predisposition, with autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with incomplete penetrance suggested through family pedigree analysis. ODD prevalence is higher in certain genetic disorders, such as pseudoxanthoma elasticum and retinitis pigmentosa. This study aimed to identify candidate genes potentially involved in the development of ODD.

Are breast cancer patients with low distress at diagnosis at risk of psychological symptoms later in their disease trajectory? Considerations for when to screen for distress.

Introduction: To target psychological support to cancer patients most in need of support, screening for psychological distress has been advocated and, in some settings, also implemented. Still, no prior studies have examined the appropriate 'dosage' and whether screening for distress before cancer treatment may be sufficient or if further screenings during treatment are necessary. We examined the development in symptom trajectories for breast cancer patients with low distress before surgery and explored potential risk factors for developing burdensome symptoms at a later point in time.

Pharmacological blocking of microfibrillar-associated protein 4 reduces retinal neoangiogenesis and vascular leakage.

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema are leading causes of vision-loss evoked by retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage. The glycoprotein microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) is an integrin αβ ligand present in the extracellular matrix. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal MFAP4 expression in cell-types in close proximity to vascular endothelial cells including choroidal vascular mural cells and retinal astrocytes and Müller cells.

Scoping review of registration of observational studies finds inadequate registration policies, increased registration, and a debate converging towards pro-registration.

Objective: We aimed to examine a) the policies of national and international clinical trial registries regarding observational studies; b) the time-trends of observational study registration; c) the published arguments for and against observational study registration.

Study Design And Setting: Scoping review of registry practices and published arguments. We searched the websites and databases of all 19 members of the World Health Organization's Registry Network to identify policies relating to observational studies and the number of observational studies registered annually from the beginning of the registries to 2022.

Clinical studies of blood-borne Extracellular vesicles in psychiatry: A systematic review.

Biomarkers for the diagnosis and clinical management of psychiatric disorders are currently lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by cells, hold promise as a source of biomarkers due to their ability to carry molecules that reflect the status of their donor cells and their ubiquitous presence in biofluids. This review examines the literature on EVs in biofluids from psychiatric disorder patients, and discuss how the published studies contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions and to the discovery of potential biomarkers.

Dynamics of troponins and 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with pulmonary embolism.

Background: In patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), the impact of repeated troponin I or T (TnI/TnT) measurements remains unclear.

Methods: Using Danish national registries, we identified PE patients (≥18 years) hospitalized between 2013 and 2018 with initial TnI or TnT measurement within -1/+1 day from admission and >1 repeated measurement within three days. Trajectories of TnI and TnT were identified using latent class trajectory modeling.

A HER2 Specific Nanobody-Drug Conjugate: Site-Selective Bioconjugation and In Vitro Evaluation in Breast Cancer Models.

A human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-specific nanobody called 2Rs15d, containing a His3LysHis6 segment at the C-terminus, was recombinantly produced. Subsequent site-selective acylation on the C-terminally activated lysine residue allowed installation of the cytotoxin monomethyl auristatin E-functionalized cathepsin B-sensitive payload to provide a highly homogenous nanobody-drug conjugate (NBC), which demonstrated high potency and selectivity for HER2-positive breast cancer models.

Spontaneous muscle activity in multifocal motor neuropathy - Insights from axonal excitability testing.

Objective: To investigate motor axonal excitability in multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) associated with involuntary muscle activity.

Methods: Two MMN patients with continuous involuntary finger movements (MMNifm) were compared to 11 patients without movements (MMNnfm). Clinical examination, EMG of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle, nerve conduction studies, motor unit number estimation, excitability studies, and mathematical modeling were conducted in the patients with MMN and compared to controls.

International benchmarking of stage at diagnosis for six childhood solid tumours (the BENCHISTA project): a population-based, retrospective cohort study.

Background: International variation in childhood cancer survival might be explained by differences in stage at diagnosis, among other factors. As part of the BENCHISTA project, we aimed to assess geographical variation in tumour stage at diagnosis through the application, by population-based cancer registries working with clinicians, of the international consensus Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines.

Methods: This population-based, retrospective cohort study involved 67 cancer registries from 23 European countries, Australia, Brazil, Japan, and Canada.

Safety of topical estrogen therapy during adjuvant endocrine treatment among patients with breast cancer: A meta-analysis based expert panel discussion.

Importance: Endocrine treatments, such as Tamoxifen (TAM) and/or Aromatase inhibitors (AI), are the adjuvant therapy of choice for hormone-receptor positive breast cancer. These agents are associated with menopausal symptoms, adversely affecting drug compliance. Topical estrogen (TE) has been proposed for symptom management, given its' local application and presumed reduced bioavailability, however its oncological safety remains uncertain.

Fluid accumulation in adult ICU patients - A protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: Fluid accumulation in critically ill patients is associated with adverse outcomes. However, there is a substantial variability in the terminology and definitions used to describe fluid accumulation. We aim to provide an overview of evidence describing fluid accumulation in critically ill adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), including how it is defined, patient characteristics associated with fluid accumulation, ICU population, and outcomes assessed.

Epigenomics-guided precision oncology: Chromatin variants in prostate tumor evolution.

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy that in 5%-30% leads to treatment-resistant and highly aggressive disease. Metastasis-potential and treatment-resistance is thought to rely on increased plasticity of the cancer cells-a mechanism whereby cancer cells alter their identity to adapt to changing environments or therapeutic pressures to create cellular heterogeneity. To understand the molecular basis of this plasticity, genomic studies have uncovered genetic variants to capture clonal heterogeneity of primary tumors and metastases.

What matters to mothers: A qualitative exploration of pain and recovery after cesarean section.

Background: Fast recovery after cesarean section is vital since the mother not only has to take care of herself but also the newborn. Recovery scores are useful tools to measure and compare recovery; however, standardized questionnaires may miss in-depth patient experiences. What is important to women in the postoperative period after cesarean section can vary in different populations, making it crucial to understand the specific needs of one's own population.

Central nervous system involvement in Waldenström macroglobulinemia: a comparative population-based study of Bing-Neel syndrome and histological transformation.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare complication that can manifest as Bing-Neel syndrome (BNS) or as histological transformation (HT) to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We report data from a single-center cohort of 469 patients consecutively diagnosed with WM between 2000 and 2022. BNS was identified in 1.

Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Ophthalmology.

Clinical research aims to answer questions that are of importance to daily clinical practice in order to improve and optimize disease diagnosis and therapy, which ultimately impacts patients' well-being [...

Artificial intelligence improves bronchoscopy performance: a randomised crossover trial.

Rationale: Flexible bronchoscopy is an operator-dependent procedure. An automatic bronchial identification system based on artificial intelligence (AI) could help bronchoscopists to perform more complete and structured procedures through automatic guidance.

Methods: 101 participants were included from six different continents at the European Respiratory Society annual conference in Milan, 9-13 September 2023.

Definition of a European pre-vasectomy scoring system to identify patients at risk of vasectomy regret.

Introduction: Vasectomy is a widely used, safe, effective method of permanent contraception and contributes to healthy sexuality.

Aims: We have conducted a 3-step observational clinical study to develop a vasectomy regret risk score and guide patients and clinicians when discussing a vasectomy.

Methods: A 3-step approach has been followed.