Roadmap to a Global Template for Implementation of Ototoxicity Management for Cancer Treatment.

Ototoxicity is among the adverse events related to cancer treatment that can have far-reaching consequences and negative impacts on quality-of-life for cancer patients and survivors of all ages. Ototoxicity management (OtoM) comprises the prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, including rehabilitation and therapeutic intervention, of individuals who experience hearing loss, tinnitus, or balance/vestibular difficulties following exposures to ototoxic agents, including platinum chemotherapy (cisplatin, carboplatin) and cranial radiation. Despite the well-established physical, socioeconomic, and psychological consequences of hearing and balance dysfunction, there are no widely adopted standards for clinical management of cancer treatment-related ototoxicity.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Brazilian patients with duodenal-type follicular lymphoma: a multicenter retrospective study.

Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma (DFL) is a rare subtype classified by the 5th edition of the WHO and international consensus classifications of lymphoid neoplasms, typically presenting as localized disease with favorable outcomes. This multicenter retrospective study examines 53 Brazilian DFL patients with a median age of 58.2 years (33-85), with males comprising 50% ( = 27).

Epidemiology, ventilation management and outcomes of COVID-19 ARDS patients versus patients with ARDS due to pneumonia in the Pre-COVID era.

Background: Ventilation management may differ between COVID-19 ARDS (COVID-ARDS) patients and patients with pre-COVID ARDS (CLASSIC-ARDS); it is uncertain whether associations of ventilation management with outcomes for CLASSIC-ARDS also exist in COVID-ARDS.

Methods: Individual patient data analysis of COVID-ARDS and CLASSIC-ARDS patients in six observational studies of ventilation, four in the COVID-19 pandemic and two pre-pandemic. Descriptive statistics were used to compare epidemiology and ventilation characteristics.

Cordotomy for pain control and opioid reduction in cancer patients: A cancer center 11-year experience.

Background: Percutaneous lateral cervical cordotomy (PLCC) is a treatment option for predominantly nociceptive pain of oncological origin that is refractory to conservative methods, with unilateral distribution, particularly in the lower trunk or lower limbs of patients with a life expectancy of less than one year.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic efficacy and opioid utilization alteration in patients undergoing PLCC.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from patients undergoing PLCC between 2011 and 2021 at the AC Camargo Cancer Center in São Paulo, Brazil.

Early Toxicity and Efficacy of Four Different Conditioning Regimens for Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients With Lymphoma: Impact of Drug Shortages in a Resource-Constrained Country.

High-dose therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) remains a viable consolidation strategy for a subset of patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) lymphomas. BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) is widely recognized as the predominant conditioning regimen due to its satisfactory efficacy and tolerability. Nevertheless, shortages of carmustine and melphalan have compelled clinicians to explore alternative conditioning regimens.

Guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology for anatomopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular testing in female tumors.

Introduction: Precision medicine has revolutionized oncology, providing more personalized diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring for patients with cancer. In the context of female-specific tumors, such as breast, ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer, proper tissue collection and handling are essential for obtaining tissue, immunohistochemical (IHC), and molecular data to guide therapeutic decisions.

Objectives: To establish guidelines for the collection and handling of tumor tissue, to enhance the quality of samples for histopathological, IHC, genomic, and molecular analyses.

Update in the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms are a diverse group of neoplasms that can occur in various areas throughout the body. Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) most often arise in the gastrointestinal tract, termed gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). Although GEP-NETs are still uncommon, their incidence and prevalence have been steadily increasing over the past decades.

Complications and adverse events in lymphadenectomy of the inguinal area: worldwide expert consensus.

Background: Inguinal lymph node dissection plays an important role in the management of melanoma, penile and vulval cancer. Inguinal lymph node dissection is associated with various intraoperative and postoperative complications with significant heterogeneity in classification and reporting. This lack of standardization challenges efforts to study and report inguinal lymph node dissection outcomes.

Differences of ventilatory muscle recruitment and work of breathing in COPD and interstitial lung disease during exercise: a comprehensive evaluation.

Introduction: COPD and interstitial lung disease (ILD) are significant chronic respiratory disorders, impacting quality of life. Respiratory muscle roles and differences remain not entirely clear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the degree of recruitment of the respiratory muscles and the work of breathing in COPD and ILD during exercise.

Immune mechanisms and predictive biomarkers related to neoadjuvant immunotherapy response in stage III melanoma.

The treatment for stage III melanoma has advanced significantly, nevertheless, a substantial proportion of patients experience relapse. Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a promising approach, allowing early micrometastatic disease treatment, reduction of tumor burden before surgery, and enhanced tumor-specific T-cell responses. However, not all patients respond to treatment, highlighting the need for understanding immune mechanisms behind failure and identification of predictive markers.

Switching Vancomycin Monitoring From Trough Concentration to Area Under the Curve Estimation by Bayesian Forecasting: A Short Communication on a Cost-Benefit Study in Resource-Limited Settings.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the cost-benefit indicators of a vancomycin monitoring protocol based on area under the curve estimation using commercial Bayesian software.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study included patients who were aged >18 years with a vancomycin prescription for >24 hours. Patients who were terminally ill or those with acute kidney injury (AKI) ≤24 hours were excluded.

Late events after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Background: The short-term complications from chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CART) are well characterized, but the long-term complications still need to be further investigated. Therefore, herein, we will review the currently available literature published on the late adverse events following CART.

Methods: We reviewed published data available from pivotal trials and real-world experiences with anti-CD19 CART (CART19) for adults with lymphoma.

Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressants for immune-related adverse events and checkpoint inhibitor effectiveness in melanoma.

Background: Recent studies indicate an association between immunosuppression for immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and impaired survival in patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors. Whether this is related to corticosteroids or second-line immunosuppressants is unknown. In the largest cohort thus far, we assessed the association of immunosuppressant type and dose with survival in melanoma patients with irAEs.

Treatment of the neck in residual/recurrent disease after chemoradiotherapy for advanced primary laryngeal cancer.

Concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is extensively used as primary organ preservation treatment for selected advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCC). The oncologic outcomes of such regimens are comparable to those of total laryngectomy followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. However, the management of loco-regional recurrences after CRT remains a challenge, with salvage total laryngectomy being the only curative option.

Implementing Standard Diagnosis and Treatment for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Through Global Research in Latin America: Results From a Multicountry Pragmatic Trial.

Purpose: Breast cancer mortality rates in Latin America (LA) are higher than those in the United States, possibly because of advanced disease presentation, health care disparities, or unfavorable molecular subtypes. The Latin American Cancer Research Network was established to address these challenges and to promote collaborative clinical research. The Molecular Profiling of Breast Cancer Study (MPBCS) aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of LA participants with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the prediction of histological grade in soft tissue sarcomas.

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas are rare malignant tumors with significant heterogeneity. The importance of classifying histological grades is fundamental to defining the treatment approach.

Objective: To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the histological grade of soft tissue sarcomas.

Easy to use tools for retrieving non-published data from clinically relevant subgroups.

Published trials sometimes report data for the overall population and selected subgroups, but not for the remaining population. Shenoy reports two methods able to extract data from the remaining subgroup using data for the overall population and a given subgroup.

vNOTES retroperitoneal sentinel lymph node dissection for endometrial cancer staging: First multicenter, prospective case series.

Introduction: The current standard treatment for endometrial cancer is a laparoscopic hysterectomy with adnexectomies and bilateral sentinel node resection. A retroperitoneal vNOTES sentinel node resection has several theoretical potential advantages. These include being less invasive, leaving no visible scars, operating without Trendelenburg, and therefore offering the anesthetic advantage of easier ventilation in obese patients and following the natural lymph node trajectory from caudally to cranially and therefore a lower risk of missing the sentinel node.