Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology for the Treatment of Neoplastic Pericardial Effusion.

This document presents guidelines to assist surgeons in the diagnosis and management of this condition, emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach. Recommendations described by a group of physicians members of the Brazilian Society of Oncological Surgery regarding the treatment of neoplastic pericardial effusion, developed to guide oncological surgeons, cardiothoracic surgeons and general surgeons in their clinical practice. Members of the Thoracic Neoplasms Committee carried out a literature review and discussion among expert peers to create a guideline that would help in managing this very serious clinical condition in our oncology practice: Neoplastic pericardial effusion.

The Utility of Interferon-γ Release Assays in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Patients With Cancer.

Background: Patients with cancer are at elevated risk for tuberculosis (TB) reactivation. Diagnosis of latent TB infection and TB disease remains challenging in this patient population despite the advent of interferon-γ release assays (IGRA).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all patients with cancer who had IGRA testing (QuantiFERON-TB [QFT-TB] or T-SPOT.

Update on Conventional Osteosarcoma.

Conventional osteosarcoma is a high-grade malignant tumor characterized by the production of osteoid matrix by malignant osteoblasts. It typically affects the long bones of children and adolescents. Treatment includes systemic chemotherapy and a local surgical approach with wide resection.

Radiofrequency Ablation for Solitary Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Multicenter Study from Latin America.

Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) represent ∼5% of all thyroid nodules and often necessitate definitive treatments such as surgery or radioiodine (I), both of which have inherent risks. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as an effective and safe therapeutic option for managing AFTNs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of RFA for solitary AFTNs in various countries across Latin America.

Systemic Therapy for Stage I-III Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: ASCO Guideline.

Purpose: To provide evidence-based guidance for clinicians who treat patients with stage I-III anal cancer.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature conducted by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center provided the evidence base for this guideline. An ASCO Expert Panel reviewed this evidence and came to consensus on a set of evidence-based recommendations.

The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important haematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cases and deaths by 2045.

Methods: Estimated numbers of MM cases and deaths and age-standardized (World) incidence and mortality rates per 100,000 people were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database covering 185 countries.

Preventing Severe COVID-19 with Tixagevimab-Cilgavimab in Hematological Patients Treated with Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies: An International Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Despite the declining public health emergency status, COVID-19 still poses significant risks, especially for immunocompromised individuals. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of tixagevimab-cilgavimab (T-C) prophylaxis in preventing severe COVID-19 in patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) treated with anti-CD20 therapy during the early Omicron variant phase of the pandemic.

Methods: The European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group for Respiratory Viruses (ESGREV) conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study involving 15 centers from 5 countries.

Intra- and Postoperative Complications in 4565 vNOTES Hysterectomies: International Registry Cohort Study.

Objective: To present the rates of intra- and postoperative complications and conversions in a large cohort of unselected vNOTES hysterectomies, performed by surgeons with different levels of expertise.

Design: International register-based cohort study.

Setting: Hysterectomies in the iNOTESs registry, 2015 to January 2024, performed by 201 surgeons from multiple countries.

Less frequent radiological exams to avoid futile response assessments from 177-LuDOTATE therapy for patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: 177-LuDOTATE is an effective but expensive treatment for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Reducing treatment-related costs, such as the number of images, could improve access to 177-LuDOTATE. We evaluated early radiological tumor progression and prognostic factors in patients with NETs treated with 177-LuDOTATE.

Retrospective study of cisplatin plus radiotherapy toxicities in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck - ReCisTT study.

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is a multifactorial disease involving genetic and environmental factors representing one of the most frequent cancer-related deaths worldwide. Tobacco and alcohol use account for most SCCHN, while a growing subset of oropharyngeal cancers is causally associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite improvements in overall survival, patients with HPV-negative locally advanced (LA) SCCHN continue to have a poor prognosis.

Developing and validation of a smartphone app for post-discharge early follow-up after colorectal cancer surgeries.

Background: Colorectal surgeries are complex procedures associated with high rates of complications and hospital readmission.

Objective: This study aimed to develop an electronic post-discharge follow-up plan to remotely monitor patients' symptoms in the postoperative period of colorectal surgeries and evaluate the outcomes of emergency department visits and the rate of severe complications within 15 days after hospital discharge.

Design: We developed a digital tool capable of remotely assessing symptoms that could indicate complications related to colorectal surgical procedures and directing early management.

Impact of Preoperative Counseling and Education on Decreasing Anxiety in Patients With Gynecologic Tumors: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of counseling and preoperative education on reducing anxiety in patients undergoing surgery for gynecologic cancer.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, patients with gynecological tumors undergoing surgical treatment between 15 and 60 days preoperatively, were included. The group was randomized to receive preoperative routine orientation plus preoperative counseling and education by nursing (experimental group [EG]) or receive preoperative routine orientation only (control group [CG]).

External validation of the parsimonious EuroLung risk models: analysis of the Brazilian Lung Cancer Registry.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess performance in the Brazilian Lung Cancer Registry Database by using the parsimonious EuroLung risk models for morbidity and mortality.

Methods: The EuroLung1 and EuroLung2 models were tested and evaluated through calibration (calibration plot, Brier score, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test) and discrimination (ROC AUCs), in a national multicenter registry of 1,031 patients undergoing anatomic lung resection.

Results: The evaluation of performance in Brazilian health care facilities utilizing risk-adjustment models, specifically EuroLung1 and EuroLung2, revealed substantial miscalibration, as evidenced by calibration plots and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests in both models.

Guideline From the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology and Brazilian College of Surgeons in Preventing and Managing Acute Hypoparathyroidism After Thyroid Surgery.

The risk of hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia is a critical concern in thyroid surgery. Preserving parathyroid gland vascularization during surgery is essential for effective prevention. Preoperative and postoperative management, including calcium and Vitamin D supplementation, is paramount.

Roadmap to a Global Template for Implementation of Ototoxicity Management for Cancer Treatment.

Ototoxicity is among the adverse events related to cancer treatment that can have far-reaching consequences and negative impacts on quality-of-life for cancer patients and survivors of all ages. Ototoxicity management (OtoM) comprises the prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, including rehabilitation and therapeutic intervention, of individuals who experience hearing loss, tinnitus, or balance/vestibular difficulties following exposures to ototoxic agents, including platinum chemotherapy (cisplatin, carboplatin) and cranial radiation. Despite the well-established physical, socioeconomic, and psychological consequences of hearing and balance dysfunction, there are no widely adopted standards for clinical management of cancer treatment-related ototoxicity.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Brazilian patients with duodenal-type follicular lymphoma: a multicenter retrospective study.

Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma (DFL) is a rare subtype classified by the 5th edition of the WHO and international consensus classifications of lymphoid neoplasms, typically presenting as localized disease with favorable outcomes. This multicenter retrospective study examines 53 Brazilian DFL patients with a median age of 58.2 years (33-85), with males comprising 50% ( = 27).

Epidemiology, ventilation management and outcomes of COVID-19 ARDS patients versus patients with ARDS due to pneumonia in the Pre-COVID era.

Background: Ventilation management may differ between COVID-19 ARDS (COVID-ARDS) patients and patients with pre-COVID ARDS (CLASSIC-ARDS); it is uncertain whether associations of ventilation management with outcomes for CLASSIC-ARDS also exist in COVID-ARDS.

Methods: Individual patient data analysis of COVID-ARDS and CLASSIC-ARDS patients in six observational studies of ventilation, four in the COVID-19 pandemic and two pre-pandemic. Descriptive statistics were used to compare epidemiology and ventilation characteristics.