Conformable Multifunctional Space Fabric by Metal 3D Printing for Collision Hazard Protection and Self-Powered Monitoring.

The monitoring of space debris assumes paramount significance to ensure the sustainability and security of space activities as well as underground bases in outer space. However, designing a wide range monitoring system with easy fabrication, low power, and high precision remains an urgent challenge under the scarcity of materials and extreme environment conditions of outer space. Here, we designed a one-piece, robust, but flexible, and repairable 3D metal-printed triboelectric nanogenerator (FR-TENG) by incorporating the advantages of standardization and customization of outer space 3D metal printing.

Durable Roller-Based Swing-Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Water Wave Energy Harvesting.

Ocean energy is a kind of clean and renewable energy source, but it cannot be efficiently harvested by traditional electromagnetic generators, due to its low-frequency characteristic. The emergence of triboelectric nanogenerators provides a more promising technology for collecting ocean energy. In this work, a durable roller-based swing-structured triboelectric nanogenerator (RS-TENG) is designed and fabricated for low-frequency water wave energy harvesting.

Artificial Optoelectronic Synapse Based on Violet Phosphorus Microfiber Arrays.

Memristor-based artificial synapses are regarded as the most promising candidate to develop brain-like neuromorphic network computers and overcome the bottleneck of Von-Neumann architecture. Violet phosphorus (VP) as a new allotrope of available phosphorus with outstanding electro-optical properties and stability has attracted more and more attention in the past several years. In this study, large-scale, high-yield VP microfiber vertical arrays have been successfully developed on a Sn-coated graphite paper and are used as the memristor functional layers to build reliable, low-power artificial synaptic devices.

Built-In Piezoelectric Nanogenerators Promote Sustainable and Flexible Supercapacitors: A Review.

Energy storage devices such as supercapacitors (SCs), if equipped with built-in energy harvesters such as piezoelectric nanogenerators, will continuously power wearable electronics and become important enablers of the future Internet of Things. As wearable gadgets become flexible, energy items that can be fabricated with greater compliance will be crucial, and designing them with sustainable and flexible strategies for future use will be important. In this review, flexible supercapacitors designed with built-in nanogenerators, mainly piezoelectric nanogenerators, are discussed in terms of their operational principles, device configuration, and material selection, with a focus on their application in flexible wearable electronics.

Intelligent Recognition Using Ultralight Multifunctional Nano-Layered Carbon Aerogel Sensors with Human-Like Tactile Perception.

Humans can perceive our complex world through multi-sensory fusion. Under limited visual conditions, people can sense a variety of tactile signals to identify objects accurately and rapidly. However, replicating this unique capability in robots remains a significant challenge.

Largely Improving the Output Performance of Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerators via Thermo-Compressive Technology.

Stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are widely applied in wearable and implantable electronics, smart medical devices, and soft robots. However, it is still a challenge to produce stretchable TENGs with both exceptional elasticity and output performance, which limits their application scope. In this work, high-performance stretchable TENGs are developed through a thermo-compression (TC) fabrication process.

A Review of Contact Electrification at Diversified Interfaces and Related Applications on Triboelectric Nanogenerator.

The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can effectively collect energy based on contact electrification (CE) at diverse interfaces, including solid-solid, liquid-solid, liquid-liquid, gas-solid, and gas-liquid. This enables energy harvesting from sources such as water, wind, and sound. In this review, we provide an overview of the coexistence of electron and ion transfer in the CE process.

A Surface Matrix of Au NPs Decorated Graphdiyne for Multifunctional Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

The development of the valid strategy to enhance laser desorption/ionization efficiency gives rise to widespread concern in surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) technology. Herein, a hybrid of Au NP-decorated graphdiyne (Au/GDY) was fabricated and employed as the SALDI-MS matrix for the first time, and a mechanism based on photothermal and photochemical energy conversions was proposed to understand LDI processes. Given theoretical simulations and microstructure characterizations, it was revealed that the formation of a coupled thermal field and internal electric field endow the as-prepared Au/GDY matrix with superior desorption and ionization efficiency, respectively.

Self-promoted electroactive biomimetic mineralized scaffolds for bacteria-infected bone regeneration.

Infected bone defects are a major challenge in orthopedic treatment. Native bone tissue possesses an endogenous electroactive interface that induces stem cell differentiation and inhibits bacterial adhesion and activity. However, traditional bone substitutes have difficulty in reconstructing the electrical environment of bone.

In Situ Single Particle Reconstruction Reveals 3D Evolution of PtNi Nanocatalysts During Heating.

Tailoring nanoparticles' composition and morphology is of particular interest for improving their performance for catalysis. A challenge of this approach is that the nanoparticles' optimized initial structure often changes during use. Visualizing the three dimensional (3D) structural transformation in situ is therefore critical, but often prohibitively difficult experimentally.

Contact efficiency optimization for tribovoltaic nanogenerators.

Energy harvesters based on the tribovoltaic effect that can convert mechanical energy into electricity offer a potential solution for the energy supply of decentralized sensors. However, a substantial disparity in output current, exceeding 10 times, exists between micro- and macro-contact tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs). To tackle this challenge, we develop a quantification method to determine the effective contact efficiency of conventional large-scale TVNGs, revealing a mere 0.

Hydrogel and Nanomedicine-Based Multimodal Therapeutic Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurodegenerative disease caused by mechanical and biological factors, manifesting as a loss of motor and sensory functions. Inhibition of injury expansion and even reversal of injury in the acute damage stage of SCI are important strategies for treating this disease. Hydrogels and nanoparticle (NP)-based drugs are the most effective, widely studied, and clinically valuable therapeutic strategies in the field of repair and regeneration.

Self-Powered and Self-Healable Extraocular-Muscle-Like Actuator Based on Dielectric Elastomer Actuator and Triboelectric Nanogenerator.

Although dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are promising artificial muscles for use as visual prostheses in patients with oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP), high driving voltage coupled with vulnerable compliant electrodes limits their safe long-term service. Herein, a self-healable polydimethylsiloxane compliant electrode based on reversible imine bonds and hydrogen bonds is prepared and coated on an acrylic ester film to develop a self-healable DEA (SDEA), followed by actuation with a high-output triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to construct a self-powered DEA (TENG-SDEA). Under 135.

A Rolling-Bead Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Omnidirectional Wind-Induced Energy toward Shelter Forests Monitoring.

Shelter forests (or shelter-belts), while crucial for climate regulation, lack monitoring systems, e.g., Internet of Things (IoT) devices, but their abundant wind energy can potentially power these devices using the trees as mounting points.

Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin ameliorates aging-impaired endogenous tendon regeneration by rejuvenating senescent tendon stem/progenitor cells.

Adult tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) are essential for tendon maintenance, regeneration, and repair, yet they become susceptible to senescence with age, impairing the self-healing capacity of tendons. In this study, we employ a recently developed deep-learning-based efficacy prediction system to screen potential stemness-promoting and senescence-inhibiting drugs from natural products using the transcriptional signatures of stemness. The top-ranked candidate, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (POG), a saposhnikovia root extract, could ameliorate TPSC senescent phenotypes caused by long-term passage and natural aging in rats and humans, as well as restore the self-renewal and proliferative capacities and tenogenic potential of aged TSPCs.

Self-Powered Sensing in Wearable Electronics─A Paradigm Shift Technology.

With the advancements in materials science and micro/nanoengineering, the field of wearable electronics has experienced a rapid growth and significantly impacted and transformed various aspects of daily human life. These devices enable individuals to conveniently access health assessments without visiting hospitals and provide continuous, detailed monitoring to create comprehensive health data sets for physicians to analyze and diagnose. Nonetheless, several challenges continue to hinder the practical application of wearable electronics, such as skin compliance, biocompatibility, stability, and power supply.

Piezoelectric Ba Sr TiO Nanosonosensitizer with Nitric Oxide Delivery for Boosting Cancer Therapy.

The efficacy of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) mainly relies on the sonosensitizers, which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon ultrasound (US) stimulation. However, the limited availability of high-efficiency sonosensitizers hampers the therapeutic effectiveness of SDT as a standalone modality. In this work, a robust sonodynamic and gas cancer therapeutic platform is constructed based on strontium (Sr) doped barium titanate (BST) piezoelectric nanoparticles functionalized with L-arginine (BST@LA).

From Triboelectric Nanogenerator to Hybrid Energy Harvesters: A Review on the Integration Strategy toward High Efficiency and Multifunctionality.

The rapid development of smart devices and electronic products puts forward higher requirements for power supply components. As a promising solution, hybrid energy harvesters that are based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (HEHTNG) show advantages of both high energy harvesting efficiency and multifunctionality. Aiming to systematically elaborate the latest research progress of a HEHTNG, this review starts by introducing its working principle with a focus on the combination of triboelectric nanogenerators with various other energy harvesters, such as piezoelectric nanogenerators, thermoelectric/pyroelectric nanogenerators, solar cells, and electromagnetic nanogenerators.

Enhanced Antibacterial Ability of Electrospun PCL Scaffolds Incorporating ZnO Nanowires.

The infection of implanted biomaterial scaffolds presents a major challenge. Existing therapeutic solutions, such as antibiotic treatment and silver nanoparticle-containing scaffolds are becoming increasingly impractical because of the growth of antibiotic resistance and the toxicity of silver nanoparticles. We present here a novel concept to overcome these limitations, an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold functionalised with zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs).

Bismuth nanoclusters on nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanoenzyme for cancer therapy.

Among the emerging cancer therapeutic methods, nanocatalytic therapy through the rational design of nanozymes is considered to be a promising strategy. However, high-performance nanozymes with the ability to catalyze the production of toxic substances to efficiently kill cancer cells are still highly desired. Herein, we fabricate bismuth nanoclusters loaded on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (Bi-NC) as a nanozyme for cancer therapy.

MXene Lubricated Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator with High Current Output and Long Lifetime.

Tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs) have the characteristics of high current density, low matched impedance and continuous output, which is expected to solve the problem of power supply for small electronic devices. However, wear occurrence in friction interface will seriously reduce the performance of TVNGs as well as lifetime. Here, we employ MXene solution as lubricate to improve output current density and lifetime of TVNG simultaneously, where a high value of 754 mA m accompanied with a record durability of 90,000 cycles were achieved.

Self-Driven Electric Field Control of Orbital Electrons in AuPd Alloy Nanoparticles for Cancer Catalytic Therapy.

The free radical generation efficiency of nanozymes in cancer therapy is crucial, but current methods fall short. Alloy nanoparticles (ANs) hold promise for improving catalytic performance due to their inherent electronic effect, but there are limited ways to modulate this effect. Here, a self-driven electric field (E) system utilizing triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and AuPd ANs with glucose oxidase (GOx)-like, catalase (CAT)-like, and peroxidase (POD)-like activities is presented to enhance the treatment of 4T1 breast cancer in mice.

Vehicle-Mounted Pavement Health Monitoring System Based on a Spring-Guide-Assisted Triboelectric Sensor.

The present pavement health monitoring is limited by a professional staff patrol. Herein, a vehicle-mounted pavement health monitoring system (VPHMS) based on a spring-guide-assisted triboelectric sensor (S-TES) is proposed, which uses the vibration generated by vehicles passing through uneven pavements to monitor the pavement damage. The VPHMS consists of S-TES, the integration module, and the terminal display module.

Direct Mapping of Cytomechanical Homeostasis Destruction in Osteoarthritis Based on Silicon Nanopillar Array.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint degenerative disease characterized by chronic joint inflammation. The pathogenesis of OA has not been fully elucidated yet. Cartilage erosion is the most significant pathological feature in OA, which is considered the result of cytomechanical homeostasis destruction.

Molecular Ferroelectric Crystals with Superior Pyroelectricity, Plasticity, and Recyclability.

The pyroelectric effect is used in a wide range of applications such as infrared (IR) detection and thermal energy harvesting, which require the pyroelectric materials to simultaneously have a high pyroelectric coefficient and a low dielectric constant for high figures of merit. However, in conventional proper ferroelectrics, the positive correlation between the pyroelectric coefficient and the dielectric constant imposes an insurmountable challenge in upgrading the figures of merit. Here, we explored superior pyroelectricity in [(CH)N][FeCl] (TMA-FC) and [(CH)N][FeClBr] (TMA-FCB) molecular ferroelectric plastic crystals, which could decouple this positive correlation due to the nature of improper polarization behavior.