Pogostemins A-C, three new cytotoxic meroterpenoids from Pogostemon auricularius.

Pogostemins A-C (1-3), three new meroterpenoids with pyrone-sesquiterpenoid hybrid skeletons, were isolated from the aerial parts of Pogostemon auricularius. Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR and HRESIMS analyses. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicities against the human colon adenocarcinoma SW-480, epidermoid carcinoma KB, gastric cancer AGS, hepatoma cancer Hep-G2, and lung cancer LU-1 cell lines with IC values of 7.

A natural ent‑kaurane diterpenoid induces antiproliferation in ovarian cancer cells via ERK1/2 regulation and inhibition of cellular migration and invasion.

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of female mortalities from gynecological tumors. An ent‑kaurane diterpenoid compound CRT1 (ent‑18‑acetoxy‑7β‑hydroxy kaur‑15‑oxo‑16‑ene), mainly isolated from the Vietnamese herb Croton tonkinesis has been used in folk medicine in Vietnam for cancer treatment. However, the effect of this compound on human ovarian cancer cells has not yet been reported.

Huperphlegmines A and B, two novel Lycopodium alkaloids with an unprecedented skeleton from Huperzia phlegmaria, and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities.

Two novel Lycopodium alkaloids, huperphlegmines A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Huperzia phlegmaria collected in Vietnam, together with the five known compounds lycophlegmariol A (3), phlegmariurine B (4), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5), rhemanone C (6), and loliolide (7). The chemical structures of the present compounds were elucidated by means of 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopy, and by comparisons to the reported data in the literature. Compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities, with IC values of 25.

Two new abietane diterpenes huperphlegmarins A and B from .

Two new abietane diterpenes, huperphlegmarin A-B (-), were isolated from the aerial parts of (L.) Rothm. (Lycopodiaceae), in addition to five known compounds including lycoxanthol (), 21β-hydroxyserrat-14-en-3β-yl acetate (), 21α-hydroxyserrat-14-en-3β-yl acetate (), 21α-hydroxyserrat-14-en-3β-ol (), and fawcettidine ().

A new naphthoquinone analogue and antiviral constituents from the root of Rhinacanthus nasutus.

Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz (Acanthaceae) is known as traditional medicine for the treatment of fungal and herpes virus infections. A new naphthoquinone racemate, rhinacasutone (1) together with seven known compounds, rhinacanthone (2), rhinacanthins C, D, N, Q, and E (3-7), and heliobuphthalmin (8) were isolated from root of R.

Discrimination of different geographic varieties of Gymnema sylvestre, an anti-sweet plant used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br.

Anti-inflammatory effect of oligostilbenoids from Vitis heyneana in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages via suppressing the NF-κB activation.

Background: Vitis heyneana is widely distributed in the north of Vietnam, it has been used in Vietnamese traditional medicine as an agent for treatment of arthritis, bronchitis, carbuncles and inflammatory conditions, and menstrual irregularities. However, this plant has not been investigated in phytochemical constituents and biological effects, especially in the anti-inflammatory property.

Results: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc soluble fraction from the aerial part of Vitis heyneana resulted in the isolation of a series of oligostilbenoids as piceid (1), 2-r-viniferin (2), betulifol A (3), vitisinol C (4), (-)-trans-ε-viniferin (5), α-viniferin (6), shoreaketon (7), amurensin B (8), vitisinol B (9), and cis-vitisin B (10).

Anti-inflammatory constituents from Psychotria prainii H. Lév.

One new and three known compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of Psychotria prainii aerial parts. By means of spectroscopic methods, their structures were elucidated to be deacetylasperulosidic acid 6-ethyl ether (1), asperulosidic acid (2), asperuloside (3) and obtucarbamates C (4). The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.

Interaction of Plant Extracts with Central Nervous System Receptors.

Plant extracts have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various maladies including neurological diseases. Several central nervous system receptors have been demonstrated to interact with plant extracts and components affecting the pharmacology and thereby potentially playing a role in human disease and treatment. For instance, extracts from (St.

Rubiarbonone C inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through the focal adhesion kinase, MAPK and STAT3 Tyr signalling pathways.

Background And Purpose: The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are important steps in cardiovascular diseases, including neointimal lesion formation, myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Here, we evaluated the rubiarbonone C-mediated signalling pathways that regulate PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation and migration.

Experimental Approach: Cell proliferation and migration were measured in cells treated with rubiarbonone C followed by PDGF BB using the MTT assay, [ H]-thymidine incorporation, flow cytometry and wound-healing migration assay, MMP gelatin zymography, a fluorescence assay for F-actin.

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Archidendron clypearia (Jack.) I.C. Nielsen: Results from systematic screening of Vietnamese medicinal plants.

Objective: To screen Vietnamese medicinal plants for xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and to isolate XO inhibitor(s) from the most active plant.

Methods: The plants materials were extracted by methanol. The active plant materials were fractionated using different organic solvents, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol.

Cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing activities against human lung cancer cell lines of cassaine diterpenoids from the bark of Erythrophleum fordii.

A phytochemical investigation into the bark of Erythrophleum fordii yielded four new compounds, two new cassaine diterpenoids (erythrofordin T and U, 1 and 2) and two new cassaine diterpenoid amines (erythroformine A and B, 6 and 7), as well as nine known compounds. We report for the first time the isolation of erythrofordin V (3) from a natural source and that of the remaining eight known diterpenoids (4-5, 8-13) from E. fordii.

Anti-Hyperuricemic, Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Siegesbeckia orientalis L. Resulting from the Fraction with High Phenolic Content.

Background: The medicinal plant Siegesbeckia orientalis L. has been commonly used for the treatment of acute arthritis, rheumatism, and gout in Vietnam. However, pharmacological research of this plant associated with gout has not been reported.

Chemical Components from Phaeanthus vietnamensis and Their Inhibitory NO Production in BV2 Cells.

Phaeanthus vietnamensis Bân is a well-known medicinal plant which has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases in traditional medicine. Using various chromatographic methods, three new compounds, (7S,8R,8'R)-9,9'-epoxy-3,5,3',5'-tetramethoxylignan-4,4',7-triol (1), 8α-hydroxyoplop-11(12)-en-14-one (5), and (1R,2S,4S)-4-acetyl-2-[(E)-(cinnamoyloxy)]-1-methylcyclohexan-1-ol (12) along with twelve known compounds were isolated from the leaves of P. vietnamensis.

2-Benzyl-benzofurans from the tubers of .

Background: The overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) is known to involve in various inflammatory processes. A methanol extract of the tubers of was found to strongly inhibit NO production. The present paper deals with the isolation, structural identification and NO inhibitory effect of five compounds isolated from the MeOH extract of tubers.

Arborinane Triterpenoids from Rubia philippinensis Inhibit Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Induced by the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor.

The abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are associated with cardiovascular diseases and related complications. Such deleterious proliferation and migration events are triggered by cytokines and growth factors, and among them, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is recognized as the most potent inducer. Despite the genus Rubia being researched to identify valuable commercial and medicinal virtues, Rubia philippinensis has rarely been investigated.

Light-emitting diodes and their potential in callus growth, plantlet development and saponin accumulation during somatic embryogenesis of Ha Grushv.

In recent years, LED (light-emitting diode) has been the subject of research within the field of plant growth and development. However, there has been little discussion about using LED cultures of , one of the important medicinal plants belonging to the genus. This study examines the influence of various LED lamps on callus growth and plant formation of .

Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from Astilbe rivularis that Enhance Glucose Uptake via the Activation of Akt and Erk1/2 in C2C12 Myotubes.

Glucose uptake into insulin-sensitive tissues is important for the regulation of blood glucose. This study has investigated whether the pentacyclic triterpenoids substituted with a carboxylic acid at the C-27 position isolated from Astilbe rivularis can enhance glucose uptake and subsequently to also examine their underlying molecular mechanisms. The structure of the new pentacyclic triterpenoid 1 was assigned by spectroscopic data interpretation.

Protective effects of Bacopa monnieri on ischemia-induced cognitive deficits in mice: the possible contribution of bacopaside I and underlying mechanism.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. (BM) is a medicinal plant which has been not only used as a traditional medicine to improve intelligence and memory but also taken as vegetables in Vietnam for a long time.

An improved HPLC-DAD method for quantitative comparisons of triterpenes in Ganoderma lucidum and its five related species originating from Vietnam.

An HPLC-DAD method for the quality control of wild and cultivated Ganoderma lucidum (Linhzhi) and related species samples was developed and validated. The quantitative determination of G. lucidum and its related species using 14 triterpene constituents, including nine ganoderma acids (compounds 4-12), four alcohols (compounds 13-16), and one sterol (ergosterol, 17) were reported.

In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective effect of ganodermanontriol against t-BHP-induced oxidative stress.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst. (Ganodermataceae) is a mushroom which is used as a traditional remedy in the treatment of human diseases such as hepatitis, liver disorders, hypercholesterolemia, arthritis, bronchitis and tumorigenic diseases.

Cytotoxic and anti-tumor activities of lignans from the seeds of Vietnamese nutmeg Myristica fragrans.

Four lignans, meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (DHGA), macelignan, fragransin A2 and nectandrin B, were isolated from the seeds of Myristica fragrans (Vietnamese nutmeg) and investigated for their cytotoxic activity against eight cancer cell lines. Of these, DHGA exhibited potent cytotoxicity against H358 with IC50 value of 10.1 μM.

Palbinone from Paeonia suffruticosa protects hepatic cells via up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1.

Paeonia suffruticosa has been traditionally employed for vitalizing blood circulation and alleviating liver and inflammatory diseases. The pathways by which palbinone (PB) isolated from P. suffruticosa mediates heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction were investigated using the specific inhibitors for PI3K and mitogen activated protein kinases pathways.

Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of constituents of Cinnamomum cassia twigs.

A methanol extract of the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia was found to inhibit xanthine oxidase. Purification of the methanol extract afforded three new phenolic glycosides, cinnacasolide A-C (11-13), together with 10 known compounds (1-10). The structures of the three new compounds were determined by interpretation of spectroscopic data.