Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Treatment Results in Growth Promotion, Main Flavonoids Extraction, and Phytochemical Profile Modulation of Georgi Roots.

This study aims to explore the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment as a method very likely to result in reversible electroporation of Georgi underground organs, resulting in increased mass transfer and secondary metabolites leakage. PEF treatment with previously established empirically tailored parameters [E = 0.3 kV/cm (U = 3 kV, d = 10 cm), t = 50 µs, N = 33 f = 1 Hz] was applied 1-3 times to roots submerged in four different Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) media (1-choline chloride/xylose (1:2) + 30% water, 2-choline chloride/glucose (1:2) + 30% water, 3-choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2), and 4-tap water (EC = 0.

Reinventing type 2 immunity in cancer.

Our understanding of type 2 immunity has undergone a substantial transformation in recent years, revealing previously unknown functions. Beyond its canonical role in defence against parasitic helminth infections, type 2 immunity safeguards the host through additional mechanisms, including the suppression of excessive type 1 immune responses, regulation of tissue repair and maintenance of adipose tissue homeostasis. However, unlike type 1 immune responses, type 2 immunity is perceived as a potential promoter of tumorigenesis.

Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) rs2070744 variant with advanced retinopathy of prematurity: a case-control study and meta-analysis.

Despite advances in neonatal and ophthalmological care, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) continues to be a leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide. Investigating gene variants associated with vascular responses in ROP may provide valuable insights into its pathogenesis and identify risk or protective factors. Nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) play roles in vascular regulation, influencing processes relevant to ROP development.

Distinguishable topology of the task-evoked functional genome networks in HIV-1 reservoirs.

HIV-1 reservoirs display a heterogeneous nature, lodging both intact and defective proviruses. To deepen our understanding of such heterogeneous HIV-1 reservoirs and their functional implications, we integrated basic concepts of graph theory to characterize the composition of HIV-1 reservoirs. Our analysis revealed noticeable topological properties in networks, featuring immunologic signatures enriched by genes harboring intact and defective proviruses, when comparing antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated HIV-1-infected individuals and elite controllers.

Phase-transformable metal-organic polyhedra for membrane processing and switchable gas separation.

The capability of materials to interconvert between different phases provides more possibilities for controlling materials' properties without additional chemical modification. The study of state-changing microporous materials just emerged and mainly involves the liquefication or amorphization of solid adsorbents into liquid or glass phases by adding non-porous components or sacrificing their porosity. The material featuring reversible phases with maintained porosity is, however, still challenging.

Ultrasensitive SERS-based detection of prostate cancer exosome using CuO-CuO@Ag composite nanowires.

Exosome is a recently emerging cancer-associated biomarker for early diagnostic and prognostic owing to their noninvasive, intrinsic stability, and representativeness of primitive cell state. However, the development of convenient and quantitative methods for exosome analysis remains technically challenging. Here, we proposed a cost-effective assay for the direct capture and rapid monitoring of exosomes utilizing the multifunctional surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate, which consisted of CuO-CuO nanowires prepared by a simple thermo-oxidative growth method and subsequently sputtered with Ag NPs.

A Novel Sensing Method to Detect Malachite Green Contaminant on Silicon Substrate Using Nonlinear Optics.

We propose a nonlinear-optics-based nanosensor to detect malachite green (MG) contaminants on semiconductor interfaces such as silicon (Si). Applying the simplified bond hyperpolarizability model (SBHM), we simplified the second-harmonic generation (SHG) analysis of an MG-Si(111) surface and were able to validate our model by reproducing experimental rotational anisotropy (RA) SHG experiments. For the first time, density functional theory (DFT) calculations using ultrasoft pseudopotentials were implemented to obtain the molecular configuration and bond vector orientation required by the SBHM to investigate and predict the second-harmonic generation contribution for an MG-Si 001 surface.

Exploring the Origins of Low-Temperature Thermochromism in Polydiacetylenes.

This review article delves into the intriguing phenomenon of low-temperature thermochromism, whereby materials change color in response to temperature variations, with a particular focus on its applications in temperature-sensitive fields like medical storage. By closely examining thermochromic materials, this article highlights their potential to offer innovative solutions for monitoring and preserving thermolabile products that require strict temperature control. This leads to a special emphasis on polydiacetylenes (PDAs), a class of conjugated polymers with unique low-temperature thermochromic properties, positioning them as promising candidates for reliable temperature indicators.

Engineering of Interface Barrier in Hybrid MXene/GaN Heterostructures for Schottky Diode Applications.

The Fermi level position at the interface of a heterostructure is a critical factor for device functionality, strongly influenced by surface-related phenomena. In this study, contactless electroreflectance (CER) was utilized for the first time to investigate the built-in electric field in MXene/GaN structures with the goal of understanding the carrier transfer across the MXene/GaN interface. Five MXenes with high work functions were examined: CrC, MoC, VC, VC, and TiC.

Targeting glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway for treatment of stress-related brain disorders.

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a central role in governing stress-related disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Chronic stress or early life trauma, known risk factors of disease, alter HPA axis activity and pattern of glucocorticoid (GC) secretion. These changes have consequences for physiological processes controlled by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling, such as immune response and metabolism.

Neuronal extracellular vesicles influence the expression, degradation and oligomeric state of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 2 in astrocytes affecting their glycolytic capacity.

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 2 (Fbp2) is a regulatory enzyme of gluco- and glyconeogenesis which, in the course of evolution, acquired non-catalytic functions. Fbp2 promotes cell survival during calcium stress, regulates glycolysis via inhibition of Hif-1α activity, and is indispensable for the formation of long-term potentiation in hippocampus. In hippocampal astrocytes, the amount of Fbp2 protein is reduced by signals delivered in neuronal extracellular vesicles (NEVs) through an unknown mechanism.

Energy deposition in liquid scintillators composed of CsPbBr colloidal nanocrystal dispersions.

Liquid scintillation processes are commonly used for various applications involving radioactivity levels analysis, as well as experiments in the field of high energy physics, most commonly in the form of organic scintillating cocktails. In this paper, we explore the potential of halide perovskite nanocrystal colloidal dispersions as an alternative to those organic mixtures. After an optimization of the nanocrystals' mean size and surface chemistry, the scintillation yield of these composite mixtures is evaluated through Compton - Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio experiments and compared with commercial liquid scintillator.

The influence of the pectin structure on the properties of hydrogel dressings doped with octenidine-containing antiseptic.

This article presents a method for producing hydrogel dressings using high methylated pectin from apples or citrus, doped with the antiseptic agent, octenidine dihydrochloride. Octenidine was incorporated in-situ during the polymer crosslinking. The pectins were characterized by their varying molecular weight characteristics, monosaccharide composition, and degree of esterification (DE).

The Clinical and Surgical Characteristics of Parotid Tumors with Parapharyngeal Space Involvement-A Multicenter Experience of the Polish Salivary Network.

Parotid gland tumors (PGTs) with parapharyngeal space (PPS) involvement have a specific clinical course and they can be a great challenge for surgeons, especially due to more difficult approaches and the risk of serious complications. The aim of this study is to present the characteristics of PGTs with PPS involvement. : Retrospective, multicenter analysis of 1954 primary PGTs from 5 years (2017-2021) was performed.

Development of a deep-learning model tailored for HER2 detection in breast cancer to aid pathologists in interpreting HER2-low cases.

Aims: Over 50% of breast cancer cases are "Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low breast cancer (BC)", characterized by HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) scores of 1+ or 2+ alongside no amplification on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing. The development of new anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for treating HER2-low breast cancers illustrates the importance of accurately assessing HER2 status, particularly HER2-low breast cancer. In this study we evaluated the performance of a deep-learning (DL) model for the assessment of HER2, including an assessment of the causes of discordances of HER2-Null between a pathologist and the DL model.

Contribution of initial lymphatics to oral wound healing after tooth extraction.

Lymphatics are involved in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing, but their role in the oral wound healing process after tooth extraction has never been investigated. We therefore sought to evaluate the healing process following the extraction of maxillary molars in two transgenic mouse models: K14-VEGFR3-Ig mice, which lack initial mucosal lymphatic vessels, and K14-VEGFC mice, which have hyperplastic mucosal lymphatics. Maxillary molars were extracted from both transgenic mouse types and their corresponding wild-type (WT) controls.

Docking analysis of phenolic acid and flavonoids with selected TAS2R receptors and in vitro experiment.

Cornelian cherry fruits contain a wide range of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other secondary metabolites. Selected flavonoids may inhibit the perceiving of bitterness, however, the full mechanism with all TAS2R bitter taste receptors is not known. The aim of the study was to determine the inhibitory effect of Cornus mas phenolics against the bitterness receptors TAS2R13 and TAS2R3 through functional in vitro assays and coupling studies.

Innovative use of liquid crystalline acids as color developers in leuco dye-based temperature sensors.

Novel temperature sensors with unique optical properties, based on 4-alkylbenzoic acid developers (CnBA, where is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain ranging from 4 to 6), which exhibit a liquid crystalline phase, and 6'-(diethylamino)-1',2'-benzofluoran (BF) leuco dye are reported. The main aim of this work is to investigate how the molecular packing of CnBA in different phases affects the development of BF. Various techniques were used to study the prepared temperature sensors' phase transitions and thermal stability.

Dual topology of equine arteritis virus GP3 protein and the role of arginine motif RXR in GP3 ER retention.

Glycoprotein 3 (GP3) serves as a structural protein in equine arteritis virus (EAV), forming a heterotrimeric complex that plays a pivotal role in virus tropism. In this study, we tested the membrane topology of GP3, both when expressed separately and during infection with recombinant tagged EAV GP3-HA. In our antibody accessibility experiment, we made a noteworthy discovery: GP3, when expressed separately, exhibits a dual topology.

Waveguide-Coupled Light Photodetector Based on Two-Dimensional Molybdenum Disulfide.

The integration of transition metal dichalcogenides with photonic structures such as sol-gel SiO:TiO optical waveguides (WGs) makes possible the fabrication of photonic devices with the desired characteristics in the visible spectral range. In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a MoS-based photodetector integrated with a sol-gel SiO:TiO WG. Based on the spectroscopic measurements performed for our device, we concluded that the light entering the WG is almost completely channeled out from the WG and absorbed by the MoS flake, which is deposited on the WG.

Analysis of IL-17A, IL-17F, and miR-146a-5p Prior to Transplantation and Their Role in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

: The balance between regulatory and Th17 cells plays an important role in maintaining the immune tolerance after kidney transplantation (KTx) which is essential for transplantation success, defined as a long graft survival and an absence of organ rejection. The present study aimed to assess whether the pretransplant characteristics of IL-17A and IL-17F, their receptors, as well as miR-146a-5p, an miRNA associated with IL-17A/F regulation, can predict KTx outcomes. : A group of 108 pre-KTx dialysis patients and 125 healthy controls were investigated for single nucleotide substitutions within genes coding for , , their / receptors, and .

Rubber-like PTFE Thin Coatings Deposited by Pulsed Electron Beam Deposition (PED) Method.

PTFE coatings were manufactured using the pulsed electron beam deposition (PED) technique and deposited on Si substrates. The deposition was carried out at constant parameters: temperature 24 °C, discharge voltages 12 kV, and 5000 electron pulses with a pulse frequency of 5 Hz. Nitrogen was used as the background gas.

Nonlinear Optical Activity of a Chiral Organic-Inorganic ([(NHCHCH)NH])[MnBr]Br Photoluminescent and Piezoelectric Crystal.

The family of Mn-based organic-inorganic hybrids has greatly expanded due to their advantages in applications. They also show superior bright and size-tunable photoluminescence and can be considered a perfect alternative to toxic lead-based compounds. In this work, we present the detailed structural, optical, and electrical characterization of ([(NHCHCH)NH])[MnBr]Br.

Effect of Dual-Organic Cations on the Structure and Properties of 2D Hybrid Perovskites as Scintillators.

Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) crystals show promise as scintillating materials for wide-energy radiation detection, outperforming their three-dimensional counterparts. In this study, we synthesized single crystals of (PEABZA)PbBr ( ranging from 0.1 to 2), utilizing phenethylammonium (CHCHCHNH) and benzylammonium (CHCHNH) cations.