The effect of comorbidities on the choice of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) approved for chronic myeloid leukemia known to have similar efficacies but different safety profiles. Therefore, the choice of patient-specific treatments is driven by factors such as tolerability and adverse event profile of TKIs. This review article examines the most up-to-date data and provides practical recommendations for clinical approaches.

Gender differences in effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to electromagnetic field and prenatal zinc on behaviour and synaptic proteins in rats.

Humans are exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMF) from various sources throughout life. Because humans are easily impacted by environmental factors during early development, it is believed that EMF can cause structural and functional changes on the developing brain that may lead to behavioural changes. This paper investigates the impact of EMF exposure and zinc supplementation during the prenatal and postnatal periods on behavioural changes and synaptic proteins in a gender-dependent manner.

Assessment of Minimal Residual Disease in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Multicenter Study From Turkey.

Assestment of minimal residual disease (MRD) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is of utmost importance both for risk classification and tailoring of the therapy. The data of pediatric ALL patients that received treatment with Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) protocols were retrospectively collected from 5 university hospitals in Turkey. Of the 1388 patients enrolled in the study 390 were treated according to MRD-based protocols.

Being a Cancer Patient during the Time of COVID-19: Impact of the Pandemic on the Anxiety and the Sleeping Quality of Oncology Patients.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to assess anxiety and sleep quality in cancer patients treated or followed up at our clinic at the time of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Seven hundred and sixty-one patients who were either treated or followed up at our oncology clinic between April 2020 and May 2020 were included. Patients were assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Comparison of clinical, pathological and long-term renal outcomes of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis and IgA nephropathy.

Purpose: To compare clinical, pathological, and long-term renal outcomes of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN).

Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed as HSPN and IgAN during childhood were evaluated retrospectively. HSPN and IgAN groups were compared in terms of gender, age, upper respiratory infection history, blood pressure; presence of nephrotic and/or nephritic syndrome; hemoglobin level, leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum albumin (sAlb), creatinine, complement 3 (sC3), complement 4 (sC4) and immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria levels; and renal pathology findings at the onset of disease; total follow-up time; and blood pressure, eGFR and proteinuria levels at the last visit.

Metreleptin replacement treatment improves quality of life and psychological well-being in congenital generalized lipodystrophy.

The near total lack of subcutaneous fat in congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) leads to the accumulation of fat in ectopic organs and severe insulin resistance, which are associated with serious metabolic abnormalities. Cosmetic aspects of the disease are likely to affect the quality of life (QoL) and physiological well-being in these individuals. Metreleptin, recombinant human leptin, replacement treatment has been shown to have benefits in treating the metabolic abnormalities of CGL.

Anti-VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E-cadherin/β-catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models.

Besides maintaining a physical barrier with adherens junctional (AJ) and tight junctional proteins, airway epithelial cells have important roles in modulating the inflammatory processes of allergic asthma. E-cadherin and β-catenin are the key AJ proteins that are involved in airway remodeling. Various mediators such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are released by the airway epithelium in allergic asthma.

Anterior hybrid construction of multilevel cervical disc disease and spondylotic spinal stenosis: surgical results and factors affecting adjacent segment problems.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate reliability, radiological outcomes, and the impacts of anterior cervical hybrid construction on the adjacent segments for the multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease (mCDDD) and spondylotic spinal stenosis (SSS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using data extracted from the medical files of 195 patients (105 males, 90 females; mean age: 47.7 years).

How were Non-COVID pulmonary patients and diseases affected from COVID-19 pandemic period?

Objective: This study aimed to focus on non-COVID-19 patients during the process when all physicians focused on COVID-19 patients. Patients with pulmonary diseases in the COVID-19 pandemic period were analyzed.

Material And Methods: Non-COVID-19 cases who were hospitalized in the pulmonology clinic, outpatients, and patients who applied to the non-COVID-19 emergency service and requested a pulmonology consultation in the period from March 16, 2020 to May 15, 2020 and in the same period of the previous year (i.

Evaluation of Patients with Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: Preliminary results from the Turk-UIP Study.

Objective: Differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is important among fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILD). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of IPF in patients with fibrotic ILD and to determine the clinical-laboratory features of patients with and without IPF that would provide the differential diagnosis of IPF.

Material And Methods: The study included the patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern or possible UIP pattern on thorax high-resolution computed tomography, and/or UIP pattern, probable UIP or possible UIP pattern at lung biopsy according to the 2011 ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT guidelines.

Maternal psychiatric status and infant wheezing: The role of maternal hormones and cord blood cytokines.

Rationale: Maternal psychosocial stress might be associated with development of allergic diseases in the offspring.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of maternal depression and anxiety with ever wheezing and recurrent wheezing among infants and to assess the role of maternal hypothalamo-pituatary-adrenal axis changes and fetal immune response in this association.

Methods: This study encompasses two designs; cohort design was developed to evaluate the association of prenatal depression with development of wheezing in infants while nested case-control design was used to assess the role of maternal cortisol and tetranectin and cord blood interleukin 13 and interferon γ.

Clinical predictive value of the urine leukocyte esterase test positivity in childhood.

Background: False negative or positive results may occur in the urine dipstick test for leukocyte esterase (LE), which is used to determine urinary tract infection (UTI). We aimed to investigate the clinical importance of the presence or absence of pyuria in urine sediment for diagnosing UTI in the presence of positive LE in dipstick analysis.

Methods: Patients admitted to the pediatric nephrology outpatient clinic with positive urine LE tests were divided into two groups: those without pyuria (Group 1) and those with pyuria (Group 2) in their urine sediment.

Altered regional grey matter volume and appetite-related hormone levels in adolescent obesity with or without binge-eating disorder.

Purpose: Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by frequent and persistent overeating episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors. The aim was to evaluate regional gray matter volume (GMV) abnormalities and appetite-regulating hormone levels (NPY and Leptin) in obese subjects either with or without BED compared to healthy controls (HC).

Methods: Twenty-six obese patients with BED, 25 obese patients without BED and 27 healthy subjects as an age-matched control group with neuroimaging and appetite-regulating hormone levels were found eligible for regional GMV abnormalities.

ADHD and Risk of Childhood Adiposity: a Review of Recent Research.

Purpose Of Review: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered as a risk factor for childhood adiposity and obesity. Studies on ADHD have provided limited data concerning the connections between eating habits, body mass index, and obesity. The purpose of this review was to examine the current literature regarding recent cohort and cross-sectional studies to determine the links between ADHD and childhood adiposity.

Drug holidays may not affect processing speed while they may reduce beneficial effects on resistance to interference among children with treated with methylphenidate: a single-center, prospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of drug holidays during summer vacations among children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who were treated with methylphenidate in terms of ADHD symptoms and executive functions.

Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study that includes pre-treatment, post-treatment and post-drug holiday evaluations. ADHD symptom severity was evaluated with the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), the Conners' Parental Rating Scale-Short Form (CPRS) and the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale- Short Form (CTRS).

Computed tomography characteristics of multiple myeloma and other osteolytic metastatic bone lesions.

Background: Differentiation of multiple myeloma (MM) from osteolytic metastatic (OM) bone lesions may be critical in patients with lytic bone lesions but can be challenging for radiologists.

Purpose: To determine whether computed tomography (CT) can be used to distinguish between MM and other OM bone lesions.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, 320 lesions of 207 patients diagnosed with MM or OM, based on biopsy or clinical examination, were evaluated.

Acute flaccid myelitis outbreak through 2016-2018: A multicenter experience from Turkey.

Aim: We aim to describe the demographic characteristics, etiology, neurophysiology, imaging findings, treatment, prognosis, and prognostic factors of acute flaccid myelitis.

Methods: The clinical data, laboratory test and, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of pediatric patients diagnosed with acute flaccid myelitis according to the Centers for Disease Control criteria between August 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018, from 13 centers in Turkey were reviewed.

Results: Of the 34 cases identified, 31 were confirmed (91.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Childhood Hematological/Oncological Diseases: Multicenter Results.

The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) cases treated at 10 different institutions in our country. Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with PRES were included in this study. The data of PRES cases from 10 departments of pediatric hematology/oncology were analyzed.

Peri-operative blood transfusion in elective major surgery: incidence, indications and outcome - an observational multicentre study.

Background: Patients' demographic and epidemiological characteristics, local variations in clinicians' knowledge and experience and types of surgery can influence peri-operative transfusion practices. Sharing data on transfusion practices and recipients may improve patients' care and implementation of Patient Blood Management (PBM).

Materials And Methods: This was a multicentre, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study that included 61 centres.

Alexander Crum Brown: A Forgotten Pioneer in Vestibular Sciences.

Although vestibular anatomy was described in the Renaissance period, research in vestibular physiology began in the 1820s and was spearheaded by Purkinje and Flourens. This was subsequently expanded by Ménière, Helmholtz, Goltz, Mach, Breuer, Ewald, and Hogyes, who are regarded as the early pioneers in research on vestibular physiology in the 19th century. The relationship of endolymphatic flow and semicircular canal function is termed the .

Characteristics of infant urolithiasis: A single center experience in western Turkey.

Introduction: Urolithiasis (UL) in infancy has different incidence, etiology, presentation and course compared to UL in childhood and in adults. We evaluated the clinical, radiological, metabolic factors and course of infant UL in western Turkey.

Methods: Medical records of the infants between 1 and 12 months of age with a diagnosis of UL were reviewed retrospectively for gender, gestational age, age at diagnosis, presenting symptoms, past medical history, parental consanguinity, family history of UL, urinary tract abnormalities, urinary tract infections, localization-size-number of stones, course of stones, treatment modality of UL (medical vs surgical) and follow up duration.