Craniofacial anatomical determinants of pediatric sleep-disordered breathing: A comprehensive review.

Purpose: This narrative review aims to elucidate the anatomical features of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children. By identifying key structures and intervening proactively, we seek to alter craniofacial growth patterns and improve functional outcomes for SDB children.

Methods: The literature on pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (PSDB), pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), anatomical predispositions, and the relationship between skeletal deformity and PSDB was examined using PubMed and Google Scholar databases, covering studies from 2006 to 2024.

Endodontic access cavity training using artificial teeth and Simodont® dental trainer: A comparison of student performance and acceptance.

Introduction: Competency in endodontic access cavity preparation requires key motor skills, good conceptual understanding, along with an appreciation of 3-dimensional pulp chamber anatomy. These are traditionally learned using natural or artificial teeth (AT) mounted within a phantom head (PH). Simodont® (Nissin Dental Products INC, JPN) is a haptic virtual reality simulator (HVRS) and offers an alternative to AT for training.

Exposure to and awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery for first degree dental undergraduates in the United Kingdom.

Evidence shows that the majority of OMFS trainees undertook dentistry as their first degree, however, an increasing number of undergraduates undertaking OMFS training have completed medicine first. It is vital that all undergraduates wanting to commit to another degree have adequate exposure to, and understanding of, the specialty. The aim of our study was to evaluate the perspectives of final-year dental students concerning their exposure to, and perceptions of, OMFS during their undergraduate teaching.

Microbiological comparison of the disinfecting efficacy of small and large cotton swabs in nasotracheal intubation: a randomized trial.

Background: Nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is necessary during surgeries requiring clear access to the surgical field and in patients with respiratory issues. This study investigates the pre-NTI nasal disinfection efficacy of different cotton swab sizes, hypothesizing that smaller swabs could minimize bleeding while maintaining disinfection efficacy.

Methods: Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists-physical status (ASA-PS) class 1 or 2 scheduled for general anesthesia with NTI were randomly assigned to either a large cotton swabs (LCS) or fine cotton swabs (FCS) group in this randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Blue Zone Loma Linda: Assessing the Relationship Between Lifestyle and Oral Health.

Assess the relationship between lifestyle and oral health-related quality-of-life (OHRQoL) of residents in a blue zone, Loma Linda. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire including demographics, lifestyle, and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Lifestyle cumulative scores ranged from 8-32, lower scores indicating greater conformity to Power 9® lifestyle, characterized by observing Sabbath, time with friends, volunteering, exercising, eating lots of plants, eating meat in moderation, drinking a lot of water, snacking on nuts, and eating an early dinner.

Late oral adverse effects of chemotherapy for hematological malignancies in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.

Background: The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analyses was to appraise the case-control studies that have evaluated late adverse effects of chemotherapy for treating hematological malignancies in pediatric patients.

Methods: Five electronic databases along with grey literature were searched using broad keywords and MeSH terms for the articles that could meet the eligibility criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was employed for quality assessment.

Tissue-Safe Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment for Effective Management of Mature Peri-Implantitis Biofilms on Titanium Surfaces.

The unique screw-shape design and microstructure of implants pose a challenge for mechanical debridement in removing biofilms. Biofilms exhibit increased resistance to antimicrobials relative to single planktonic cells, emphasizing the need for effective biofilm removal during periodontal therapy for peri-implantitis treatment. To tackle this issue, our team evaluated the effectiveness of low-temperature plasma (LTP) for disinfecting titanium discs contaminated with multispecies biofilms associated with peri-implantitis, specifically focusing on biofilms matured for 14 and 21 days as well as biofilms that had formed on Straumann Ti-SLA implants for 21 days.

Anillin actin-binding protein expression correlates with poor prognosis for prostate cancer patients.

Objective: Octamer transcription factor 1 (OCT1), a transcription factor that interacts with androgen receptor, is involved in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. The OCT1 target gene, Anillin actin-binding protein (), is highly expressed in castration-resistant PCa tissue; however, it remains unclear whether ANLN expression in hormone-sensitive PCa tissue could be used as a predictive biomarker for poor prognosis of patients. We aimed to investigate ANLN expression in PCa tissue obtained via radical prostatectomy and its correlation with clinical parameters.

Outcomes of transitioning from mandatory to elective research at a dental school in Southern California.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a curricular change from mandatory to elective research on the student research outcomes at a Southern California Dental School over ten years. Additionally, the perception of dental students and faculty toward research in dental education was assessed.

Methods: A survey was distributed to determine the perception towards research in dental education, motivation and barriers for pursuing research and the possibility participants would pursue research-even if the school did not mandate it.

Optogenetic activation of serotonergic neurons changes masticatory movement in freely moving mice.

The serotonergic system modulates the neural circuits involved in jaw movement; however, the role of serotonin (5-HT) neurons in masticatory movement remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of selective activation of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), or the raphe obscurus nucleus (ROb), on voluntary masticatory movement using transgenic mice expressing the channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) mutant (C128S) in central 5-HT neurons. During voluntary mastication, DRN blue light illumination increased masticatory frequency and decreased the root mean square peak amplitude of electromyography (EMG) in the masseter muscles.

Wear resistance of 3D printed occlusal device materials.

Statement Of Problem: Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers an efficient method of producing occlusal devices; however, their wear resistance is poorly understood.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the wear resistance of flexible and rigid 3D printed occlusal device materials with milled and conventionally processed occlusal device materials.

Material And Methods: Blocks (n=8) of 3 flexible 3D printed materials (KeySplint Soft, NightGuard Flex 2, SmileGuard), 2 rigid 3D printed materials (KeySplint Hard, NightGuard Firm 2), 1 milled material (Ceramill A-Splint), 1 thermoform material (Erkoloc-Pro), 1 light-polymerized material (Eclipse Prosthetic Resin), 1 heat-polymerized material (Excel Formula Heat Cure Denture Base Material), and 1 autopolymerized material (Great Lakes Splint Resin Acrylic) were prepared and wet polished with 1200-grit SiC paper.

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Oral Diseases.

Objective: To summarize the current knowledge of the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and its critical role in various oral diseases.

Methods: We reviewed the recent research on NETs through PubMed and Web of Science. An analysis of recent research results was summarized from three aspects: NETs induction and formation, functions of NETs, and NETs in oral diseases.

Concentration and Stability of Fluoride Chemically Available in Charcoal-Containing Toothpastes.

Introduction: Among the wide variety of commercially oral hygiene products, activated charcoal-based toothpastes have irrupted the market, claiming multiple benefits. Although most are fluoride free, others incorporate fluoride into their formulations, yet the chemical availability and stability of fluoride in these products remain unclear. Our study aimed to assess the chemical availability and stability of fluoride in commercially fluoridated toothpastes formulated with activated charcoal.

Fractal dimension, lacunarity, and bone area fraction analysis of peri-implant trabecular bone after prosthodontic loading.

Objectives: To assess the structural alterations in peri-implant bone occurring 5 years after prosthodontic loading in panoramic radiography (PR).

Methods: PR images of 44 mandibular and 33 maxillary implants along with 42 healthy control teeth taken before and 5 years after prosthodontic loading were included. Two regions-of-interest (ROI) were selected from mesial and distal surrounding bone of each implant and tooth.

Longevity of glass ionomer restorations in an older adult population.

Objectives: This study investigates longevity of glass ionomer restorations in an older adult population.

Methods: This was a retrospective study based on clinical records. Patient records for 3,665 restorations in 1,777 adults 65 or older who had received a restoration between 12th July 2016 and 20th October 2022 were extracted from the electronic dental records system of the University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics.

Effect of the Proximity of Roots to the Cortical Plate and Inclination of Incisors on External Apical Root Resorption.

Background: External apical root resorption (EARR) is an unfavorable side effect of orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment of patients with increased crowding could lead to the proclination of incisors and proximity of roots to the cortical plates.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the proximity of the labial and lingual cortical plates and the inclination of incisors on EARR.

Zirconia in fixed prosthodontics: a review of the literature.

The purpose of this narrative review is to organize information and knowledge about the properties of the clinical evidence of zirconia-applied dental restorations and to provide relevant information to establish application methods to obtain long-term clinical prognosis of zirconia-applied dental prostheses. From PubMed and manual searches, found "zirconia," "crown," "survival," and "success" keywords were searched. Case reports, case series, reviews, abstracts, in vitro studies, and observational studies were excluded.

Enamel matrix derivative monotherapy versus combination therapy with bone grafts for periodontal intrabony defects: An updated review.

This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of combining enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with various bone grafts in periodontal regenerative surgery, specifically targeting intrabony defects. Randomized controlled trials with 12-month follow-ups were included. Clinical outcomes assessed included clinical attachment level, probing depth, gingival recession, and radiographic defect fill.

The effect of water filter pitchers on the mineral concentration of tap water.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of water filter pitchers on the concentration of different minerals in tap water.

Methods: Nine water filter pitchers (A-I) were chosen based on consumer preferences and Amazon reviews. Each filter was tested for its ability to modify the concentrations of fluoride, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium in tap water.

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation using sponge- and cotton-like graft materials in a rabbit model.

Objectives: Bone graft materials commonly used for maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA), including hydroxyapatite (HAp) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), are mostly granular and have poor handleability. HAp/collagen composite material (HAp/Col) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) have shown promise but their application in MSFA as bone graft materials remains unclear. Here, we investigated the bone-forming behavior of HAp/Col and β-TCP/PLGA in an MSFA rabbit model.

Principles for Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Ceramic Dental Implants in Japan.

Recent progress in materials chemistry has resulted in the development of several ceramic materials that are now being used in dental implants. The advantages of ceramic materials over conventional metallic materials are that they do not induce allergic reactions in individuals with metal allergies, they do not interfere with magnetic resonance imaging, and they provide improved esthetics. In addition, some ceramic materials are tougher than metallic materials and less brittle.

A study of peri-implant tissue clinical parameters in patients starting anti-osteoporosis medication after existing implant function: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Recently, rare cases of medication-related peri-implant osteonecrosis of the jaw (PI-MRONJ) have been reported. In patients with functional implants who begin using anti-osteoporosis medications (AOMs) after implantation, PI-MRONJ is unpredictable and poses a significant threat to the patient. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of AOMs on peri-implant tissues and to examine risk factors for peri-implantitis, a presumed trigger for PI-MRONJ.

Fibroblast-derived IL-33 exacerbates orofacial neuropathic pain via the activation of TRPA1 in trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Damage to the peripheral nerves of trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons leads to intractable orofacial neuropathic pain through the induction of neuroinflammation. However, the details of this process are not yet fully understood. Here, we found that fibroblast-derived interleukin (IL)-33 was required for the development of mechanical allodynia in whisker pad skin following infraorbital nerve injury (IONI).