Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids during a Cycling Grand Tour Are Related to Exercise Performance and Modulated by Dietary Intake.

Background: Regular exercise has been described to modify both the diversity and the relative abundance of certain bacterial taxa. To our knowledge, the effect of a cycling stage race, which entails extreme physiological and metabolic demands, on the gut microbiota composition and its metabolic activity has not been analysed.

Objective: The aim of this cohort study was to analyse the dynamics of faecal microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content of professional cyclists over a Grand Tour and their relationship with performance and dietary intake.

Pro-vegetarian dietary patterns and essential and heavy metal exposure in children of 4-5-years from the INfancia y medio Ambiente cohort (INMA).

Dietary patterns provide a comprehensive assessment of food consumption, including essential nutrients and potential exposure to environmental contaminants. While pro-vegetarian (PVG) dietary patterns have shown health benefits in adults, their effects on children are less well studied. This study aims to explore the association between children's adherence to the most common PVG dietary patterns and their exposure to metals, assessed through urine concentration.

Comparison of efficacy and safety of 5-FU or capecitabine combined with cisplatin and docetaxel (mDCF and mDCX) as a first-line chemotherapy regimen in her 2-negative metastatic gastric cancer patients: A retrospective study.

The prognosis of metastatic gastric cancer (GC) is poor, with a median survival time of less than a year. Capecitabine is a prodrug, metabolized by thymidine phosphorylase to its cytotoxic metabolite (5-FU). Few studies have compared capecitabine and 5-FU in mGC.

Therapeutic efficacy of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation in 44 relapsed or refractory germ-cell tumor patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Despite having a higher mortality risk than conventional chemotherapeutics, high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) has the potential to be curative in relapsed/refractory germ-cell tumors. Therefore, selecting the best patient group for this treatment is critical. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect survival in our relapsed/refractory GCT cohort who received HDCT and autologous stem-cell transplantation.

Predictors of response in EGFR-mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Background: The goal of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant metastatic non-small cell cancer and to determine the factors that predict objective response.

Materials And Methods: In the study, data from metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors were retrospectively reviewed. Factors predicting objective response were evaluated with logistic regression analysis.

Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with male breast cancer: A single tertiary center experience.

Background: The goal of this study was to assess the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic variables in men with breast cancer (BC).

Methods: Clinical features, pathological characteristics, stage at diagnosis, and therapy data were noted. Survival analysis was performed using the log-rank technique and Cox regression model.

Is there any diagnostic value of serum caveolin-1 levels on the determination of pancreatic adenocarcinoma?

Background: Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a vital component in cancer pathogenesis, as its expression determines the survival of patients with cancer. This study investigates CAV-1 serum levels in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) patients and their role in tumor progression and prognostic factors.

Method: The trial included 33 patients with pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer (PC).

Disease characteristics and prognostic factors of colorectal cancer patients with bone metastasis: A real-world data from Turkey.

Background: Bone metastasis is rarely seen in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and there is insufficient data available regarding such cases. The study aimed to identify the prognostic factors and characteristics associated with overall survival in patients with bone metastatic CRC.

Method: Data from bone metastatic CRC patients referred to a high-volume tertiary cancer center in Turkey, between January 2018 and April 2021, were retrospectively collected.

Comparative analysis of doublet chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.

Among all gynecological malignancies, ovarian cancer is the predominant cause of mortality. Hence, various chemotherapy protocols have been established for managing metastatic ovarian cancer cases. The present study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of dual chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab in patients diagnosed with recurrent platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer.

ZEB1 hypermethylation is associated with better prognosis in patients with colon cancer.

Background: Colon cancer (CC) is a heterogeneous disease that is categorized into four Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS) according to gene expression. Patients with loco-regional CC (stages II/III) lack prognostic factors, making it essential to analyze new molecular markers that can delineate more aggressive tumors. Aberrant methylation of genes that are essential in crucial mechanisms such as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to tumor progression in CC.

Atypical Presentation and Course of ACTH-independent Cushing's Syndrome in Two Families.

Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is a rare genetic disease mainly associated with Carney complex (CNC), which is caused by germline mutations of the regulatory subunit type 1A (RIα) of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PRKAR1A) gene. We report three cases suffering from CNC with unique features in diagnosis and follow-up. All cases had obesity and a cushingoid appearance and exhibited laboratory characteristics of hypercortisolism.

The safety and efficacy of first-line atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter real-world study from Turkey.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the real-world clinical outcomes of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) as the initial therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively analyzed 65 patients treated with Atez/Bev for advanced HCC from 22 institutions in Turkey between September 2020 and March 2023. Responses were evaluated by RECIST v1.

S-100 and MATH-1 Protein Expressions Can Be Useful for the Prediction of Clinical Outcome in Neuroblastoma Patients.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent extracranial solid tumor of childhood, remarkable for its broad spectrum of clinical behavior. This diversity in behavior correlates closely with defined clinical and biological features and combinations of prognostic variables are used for risk-group assignment. S-100 proteins have roles in differentiation and were shown to be frequently dysregulated in NB.

Promising Outcomes in Acromegaly Patients Receiving CyberKnife Stereotactic Hypofractionated Radiotherapy.

Background: The primary treatment for patients with acromegaly has traditionally been transsphenoidal surgery, with decreasing reliance on radiotherapy (RT) due to advancements in pharmacotherapy (PT). Despite these advancements, a substantial portion of patients still face persistent acromegaly, necessitating novel treatment approaches. This study investigates the role of CyberKnife Stereotactic Hypofractionated Radiotherapy (CK-HFRT) in persistent acromegaly.

Conventional Tools for Predicting Satisfactory Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer Patients.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the role of Magee Equation 3 (MagEq3), IHC4 score, and HER2-low status in predicting "satisfactory response (SR)" to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in HR+/HER2- breast cancer (BC) patients.

Methods: In a retrospective study, female patients of any age with T, N, M HR+/HER2- BC who received NAC and underwent adequate locoregional surgical treatment were included. Patients were grouped according to 2 outcomes: (a) overall response to NAC in breast and axilla by using residual cancer burden (RCB) criteria and (b) axillary downstaging after NAC by using N staging.

Comparison of second-line treatments in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients: A single-center experience.

Renal cell carcinoma is the 10th most common type of cancer, accounting for 3.7% of all cancers. Our study examines patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who received Axitinib or Nivolumab as second-line treatment.

Occupational Benzene Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of 14 Case-Control Studies.

Benzene has been classified as carcinogenic to humans, but there is limited evidence linking benzene exposure to lung cancer. We aimed to examine the relationship between occupational benzene exposure and lung cancer. Subjects from 14 case-control studies across Europe and Canada were pooled.

Efficacy and outcomes of systemic chemotherapy in posttransplant and immunosuppression associated Kaposi sarcoma: Twenty years experience of a tertiary cancer center.

Kaposi sarcoma is a malignant angioproliferative disease, and human herpesvirus-8 plays a major role in its etiology. Iatrogenic Kaposi sarcoma (IKS) can occur in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. The treatment strategy for patients with IKS is immunosuppressive therapy modification.

Efficacy of Capecitabine and Temozolomide Regimen in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Data From the Turkish Oncology Group.

Introduction: This study aims to report the efficacy and safety of capecitabine plus temozolomide (CAPTEM) across different lines of treatment in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study analyzing the data of 308 patients with metastatic NETs treated with CAPTEM between 2010 and 2022 in 34 different hospitals across various regions of Turkey.

Results: The median follow-up time was 41.

Investigation of the effectiveness of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in experimental colorectal peritoneal metastasis model.

Objectives: In our study, we aimed to (1) create a peritoneal metastasis (PM) model in nude mice, administer intraperitoneal chemotherapy using the peritoneal infusion pump we developed in this model, and (2) compare the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy using various drugs at different temperatures.

Methods: The peritoneal metastasis model was established in nude mice using the CC531 colon carcinoma cell line. Models with peritoneal metastasis (PM) were randomized into four groups of seven animals each: Group 1, control group (n=7); Group 2, normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (NIPEC) with mitomycin C(MMC) (n=7); Group 3, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with mitomycin C (n=7), and Group 4, NIPEC with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).

Social inequalities, green and blue spaces and mental health in 6-12 years old children participating in the INMA cohort.

Availability of green and blue spaces in the area of residence has been related to various health outcomes during childhood, including mental health. These environmental exposures are not evenly distributed among socioeconomic groups, which may increase social inequalities in mental health. The mechanisms through which natural environments may promote mental health are numerous and diverse.

Long-term outcomes and predictors of recurrence in node-negative early stage breast cancer patients.

Background: We evaluated the outcomes, and risk factors for recurrence in patients with early stage node-negative breast cancer in this study.

Method: Retrospective data analysis was done on patient treatment records from 1988 to 2018. The patient's demographic, clinical, pathological, and therapeutic characteristics were noted.