Heterotaxy Syndrome Diagnosed in an Adult.

Heterotaxy syndrome, a condition in which the internal organs are abnormally arranged in the thorax or abdomen, is generally diagnosed early in life, often during the neonatal period. We present the case of a 42-year-old male who was incidentally diagnosed with polysplenia syndrome and subsequently diagnosed with heterotaxy syndrome. Upon further investigation, he was determined to have a sinus venosus type atrial septal defect.

Associations between stages of diabetic polyneuropathy and quality of life, neuropathic pain, and well-being: A multicenter, cross-sectional analysis based on electroneuromyographic findings.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between electrophysiological findings of diabetic neuropathy (DN) and patients' quality of life, neuropathic pain levels, and well-being.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 centers in Turkey. DN patients were categorized into four stages based on electrophysiological findings using the Baba classification.

Artificial intelligence's suggestions for level of amputation in diabetic foot ulcers are highly correlated with those of clinicians, only with exception of hindfoot amputations.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a growing public health problem, paralleling the increasing incidence of diabetes. While prevention is most effective treatment for DFUs, challenge remains on selecting the optimal treatment in cases with DFUs. Health sciences have greatly benefited from the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) applications across various fields.

Avanafil Mitigates Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via NLRP3 Pathway Modulation in Rats.

Objective: In our study, the effectiveness of avanafil, a second-generation phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, on testicular torsion (TT) related ischemia/reperfusion injury via NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), which triggers inflammatory response, are studied molecularly, biochemically and histopathologically.

Material And Method: This study was performed on 24 male Wistar albino rats randomized into four groups. Testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model was created for groups 2, 3 and 4.

Comparison of Cyclophosphamide-Based Graft Versus Host Disease Prophylaxis after "Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation from 9/10 HLA Matched Unrelated Donor'' with Standard Graft Versus Host Disease Prophylaxis after "10/10 HLA Matched Relative Donor'' Transplant.

Graft Versus Host Disease (GvHD), which can be observed at a rate of 30-80% after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an important complication that adversely affects the survival and quality of the life of patientsPosttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) effectively prevents GvHD after HLA-haploidentical ASCT. In our study, the use of PTCy in 1-antigen HLA-mismatched unrelated donor (9/10MMUD) ASCT was compared with standard GvHD prophylaxis in HLA-identical related donor (MRD) ASCT. We conducted a retrospective study of the comparison of 42 patients with 9/10 MMUD ASCT receiving PTCy+Methotrexate (MTX)+Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI) and 37 patients with HLA-identical MRD who received MTX+CNI  in 3 bone marrow transplantation centers.

Investigation of the alterations in miRNA expression levels in thyroid nodules and malignancies.

The relationship between preoperative miR-146b and miR-155 expression levels and postoperative pathology results in patients operated on for nodular thyroid disease and thyroid malignancy was investigated. Sixty three patients who were operated on for thyroid nodules diagnosed as benign, malignant and atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) were included in the study. Preoperative miR-146b and miR-155 expression levels of these patients were compared according to postoperative pathology results.

Next generation sequence-based targeted somatic mutation analysis in thyroid nodules with pathologically diagnosed as indeterminate cytology.

Purpose: The management of indeterminate thyroid nodules remains a topic of ongoing debate, particularly regarding the differentiation of malignancy. Somatic mutation analysis offers crucial insights into tumor characteristics. This study aimed to assist the clinical management of indeterminate nodules with somatic mutation analysis.

The Effects of Gluten on Weight Gain, Hematological, Biochemical, and Various Endocrinological Parameters.

Background/aims:  This study is aimed to compare the effects of nutrition which has been enriched with different amounts of gluten to gluten-free diets on weight gain, diabetogenic state, hematological, and biochemical parameters.

Materials And Methods:  A total of 40 newly weaned male Wistar albino rats used in the study were randomized into 4 different groups based on the gluten rations they were given. Following 12 weeks of diet they were killed and intracardiac blood samples were collected.

Maintaining Physical Health in Individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Through Telerehabilitation.

Aims: To investigate the effects of a telerehabilitation program on walking performance, lower and upper extremity function, fall frequency, respiratory function, and satisfaction in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Methods: Thirty children (mean age 8.8 ± 4.

Hydroxychloroquine attenuates sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in rats.

Background: This study investigates the effects of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on a sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model in rats, initiated by a fecal intraperitoneal injection procedure (FIP).

Methods: Three groups were established: control (n=8), FIP + saline (n=7), and FIP + HCQ (20 mg/kg/day) (n=9). Blood samples were collected for arterial blood gas and biochemical analyses, and bilateral pneumonectomy was performed for histopathologic examination.

Are the seizures under control or unnoticed? Electroclinical evaluation of epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia.

Purpose: In this study, patients with epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia (E-EM) were evaluated according to their EEG findings, seizure outcomes, and their consistency with the final ictal EEG findings. We also investigated the possible prognostic factors.

Methods: Patients with E-EM and at least two years of follow-up in our clinic were included in the study.

Primary brain lymphoma and glioblastoma: evaluation of DCE T1 and DSC T2 MRI perfusion findings.

Background: The accurate differentiation of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is clinically crucial due to the different treatment strategies between them.

Purpose: To define magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) perfusion findings in PCNSL to make a safe distinction from GBM with dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) T1 and DSC T2 MRI perfusion findings.

Material And Methods: This retrospective analysis included 19 patients with histopathologically diagnosed PCNSL and 21 individuals with GBM.

The Association between Exercise-Induced Ventricular Premature Contractions and Long-Term Mortality in Patients without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: The treadmill exercise test is widely used to determine cardiovascular risk and mortality. Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are frequently observed during exercise stress testing. The literature on the role of PVCs observed during treadmill exercise testing in predicting prognosis is controversial.

Preoperative cancer antigen-125 levels as a predictor of recurrence in early-stage endometrial cancer.

Objective: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries, with a majority of cases being low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancer. Identifying risk factors for disease recurrence and poor prognosis is critical. This study aimed to assess the correlation between preoperative cancer antigen-125 levels and disease recurrence in early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer patients.

Retrospective analysis of thyroid incidentalomas detected by [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

Background: Prostate cancer patients, undergo imaging procedures, with [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (prostate-specific membrane antigen based positron emission tomography/computed tomography) utilized for primary and secondary staging. PSMA thyroid incidentalomas (PTI) are discovered in the thyroid gland while imaging prostate cancer patients with [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the clinical significance of PTIs detected on [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

The mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 is involved in down-regulation of influenza A virus replication.

Background: The mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) is a mitochondrial outer membrane protein regulating mitochondrial metabolism and functions in lipid homeostasis and apoptosis. Experimental data on the interaction of MTCH2 with viral proteins in virus-infected cells are very limited. Here, the interaction of MTCH2 with PA subunit of influenza A virus RdRp and its effects on viral replication was investigated.

Behavioural interventions to increase adherence to palivizumab prophylaxis in children with CHD.

Objectives: Adherence to palivizumab prophylaxis programmes is crucial to protect infants with CHD against respiratory syncytial virus infections. We analysed the effectiveness of two nudge interventions in increasing adherence.

Methods: Our study included 229 infants, and their caregivers, from five centers in Turkey in the 2020-2021 respiratory syncytial virus season.

Exploring stigmatization in digital newspaper coverage of substance use disorder.

Substance use disorder is a global health issue that profoundly affects both individuals and societies. Social stigma acts as a significant barrier to treatment motivation. Mass media plays a substantial role in shaping societal perceptions.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) significantly contributes to the mortality and morbidity rates among pediatric liver transplant (LT) recipients.

Objective: Our study aimed to assess the potential factors contributing to AKI in pediatric LT patients and to analyze the impact of AKI on postoperative mortality and hospitalization duration.

Materials And Methods: About 235 pediatric LT patients under the age of 18 between the years 2015 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively.

Long-term Prognosis of Childhood Absence Epilepsy.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the long-term prognosis of childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), and identify factors associated with treatment outcomes.

Methods: Patients with a definitive diagnosis of CAE according to the International League Against Epilepsy 2021 criteria and with a minimum of 3-year follow-up duration were included. The children were divided according to the time of seizure control.

Awake sternal fixation; comparison of technical details and early results with sternal fixation methods performed via general anaesthesia.

Objectives: Isolated sternal fractures are rare pathologies that rarely require surgical fixation. Although different fixation techniques are used, it is routinely performed under general anaesthesia. In our study, we aimed to share the details of the awake sternal fixation technique performed in our clinic and to compare the early results with sternal fixation methods performed under general anaesthesia.

Comparison of Infectious Complications in Patients Receiving High-Dose Cyclophosphamide as GvHD Prophylaxis After Transplantation From A 9/10 HLA-Matched Unrelated Donor with Standard GvHD Prophylaxis After Transplant From A Fully Matched Related Donor.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cyclophosphamide administered after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) from 9/10 HLA-Matched Unrelated Donors (MMUD) increases the rates of bacterial, fungal, viral infections, complications (hemorrhagic cystitis (HC)), and infection-related mortality compared to allogeneic stem cell transplantation from matched related donors (MRD).

Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter study. 45 MMUD ASCT patients who received posttransplant cyclophosphamide+methotrexate+calcineurin inhibitor compared with 45 MRD ASCT patients who received methotrexate+calcineurin inhibitor.

Targeting Aquaporin-5 by Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition Offers New Therapeutic Opportunities for Ovarian Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats.

This study aimed to examine the effect of Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition on Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and its potential cell signaling pathway in the ovarian ischemia reperfusion (OIR) model. Thirty adult female rats were divided into five groups: Group 1; Control: Sham operation, Group 2; OIR that 3 hour ischemia followed by 3 hour reperfusion, Group 3; OIR + Rolipram 1 mg/kg, Group 4; OIR + Rolipram 3 mg/kg, Group 5; OIR + Rolipram 5 mg/kg. Rolipram was administered intraperitoneally to the rats in groups 3-4 and 5 at determined doses 30 minutes before reperfusion.