Hydroxytyrosol's Protective Effect Through Podocalyxin and Pentraxin-3 in Kidney Damage Resulting From Corn Syrup Administration.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether hydroxytyrosol (HT) has a protective effect on corn syrup-induced kidney damage in rats and the role of podocalyxin (PCX) and pentraxin-3 (PTX3) in this possible effect.

Methods: Rats were divided into four groups with six rats in each group: 1) control, 2) HT, 3) corn syrup, and 4) corn syrup + HT. Rats were given 30% corn syrup added to their drinking water for six weeks.

Liver Transplantation for Autoimmune Hepatitis: 20 Years of Tertiary Centre Experience.

We analyzed the frequency of complications and survival rates in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) who underwent liver transplantation at a high-volume transplant center. Patients who underwent transplantation for AIH at the xxx University Liver Transplantation Institute between January 2002 and December 2021 were included. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AIH, without concomitant chronic liver disease, were included in the study.

Effective use of dupilumab for eosinophilic gastritis concomitant with severe asthma.

Background: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorders characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and eosinophilic inflammation in specific regions of the gastrointestinal tract. "Eosinophilic gastritis" (EoG) refers to the condition in which the stomach is involved. In patients with EoG, approved treatment options are restricted despite the high mortality associated with the condition.

Smartphone addiction and depression among health sciences students during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Previous studies indicate an increasing prevalence of depression among university students worldwide. Besides, university students are more likely to excessively use smartphones, making them more susceptible to smartphone addiction. Pandemic conditions can also have negative effects on mental health.

Assessment of displaced Sudanese school-age children's mental health at Ad-Damar, River Nile, Sudan, 2024: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Background: The WHO defines mental health as well-being where individuals manage stress, work productively, and contribute to their community. Children's mental health is critical, especially among vulnerable groups like refugees. Research shows refugee children, including Sudanese, face PTSD, depression, and anxiety due to conflict and displacement, yet specific studies on Sudanese children are scarce.

Do school students study enough about the reproductive system? Data from Jordan.

Background: Understanding reproductive anatomy and physiology is essential for safe wealthy sexual practices as well as reproductive attitudes. It has been advised that comprehensive sexual reproductive health (SRH) education should be provided in educational systems, colleges, and communities. We aimed to explore the knowledge about the reproductive system among first-year students in non-medical health schools.

Similar efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections and other biologically active injections in patients with early stages knee osteoarthritis: a level I meta-analysis.

Introduction: The present meta-analysis compared the efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections in patients with early to mild knee osteoarthritis (OA) (Kellgren Lawrence I-II) versus other commonly injected biologically active compounds using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). The outcomes of interest were the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario McMaster Osteo-Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores.

Methods: This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA statement.

Evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy for solid tumors with (PD-L1 gene) amplification identified by comprehensive genomic profiling: retrospective study based on a nationwide database.

Background: Amplification of the programmed cell death-ligand 1 gene () is highly prevalent and associated with a high response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in lymphomas, and is also a potential biomarker for ICI treatment of solid tumors. However, the efficacy of ICIs for solid tumors with amplification identified by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) has been unclear. We here examined ICI efficacy for solid tumors with amplification identified by CGP in a national database.

Lung function may recover after coal mine fire smoke exposure: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background And Objective: The 2014 Hazelwood coal mine fire exposed residents in nearby Morwell to high concentrations of particulate matter <2.5 µm (PM) for approximately 6 weeks. This analysis aimed to evaluate the long-term impact on respiratory health.

Use of metered dose inhalers for bronchodilator responsiveness testing: laboratory practices in Australia and opportunities for carbon footprint reduction.

Background: Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) are important devices for delivering inhaled medications; however, they have an outsized carbon footprint due to their propellant gas. Many short-acting beta-agonist inhalers contain HFA-134a which has a global warming potential >1000 fold higher than carbon dioxide. We aimed to determine the practices around MDI use and disposal within Australia's major lung function testing laboratories and identify the actions that most influence the carbon footprint of bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR) testing.

Inadequate Efficacy of Biologics for Treating Proximal Ileal Lesions in Crohn's Disease; a prospective multicenter study.

Background And Aims: While biologic therapy has revolutionized the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD), surgery remains unavoidable in cases involving ileal complications. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biologics on proximal ileal lesions using balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE).

Methods: This open-label multicenter prospective study was conducted at tertiary referral centers in Japan.

Significance of targeted antimicrobial prophylaxis using rectal-culture selective screening media prior to transrectal prostate biopsy: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To examine whether antimicrobial prophylaxis based on screening rectal cultures using selective media prevented acute bacterial prostatitis following transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB).

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 403 patients undergoing TRPB with low risks of infectious complications. Patients were randomized into a cultured group (CG) or no cultured group (NCG).

Prophylactic Clip Closure in Preventing Delayed Bleeding After Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection on anticoagulants: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in Japan.

Background And Study Aims: Prophylactic clip closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) among patients on anticoagulants is of uncertain effectiveness in reducing delayed bleeding (DB) risk. We aimed to assess the effect of prophylactic clip closure in preventing DB after colorectal ESD among patients on anticoagulants.

Patients And Methods: We used the ABCD-J study database, a large-scale multicenter study analyzing DB among 34,455 colorectal ESD cases from 47 Japanese institutions.

Factor XIII-A transglutaminase contributes to Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET)-mediated fibrin network formation and crosslinking.

Background: Neutrophil Extracellular Traps can contribute to thrombosis via stabilization fibrin network, which is normally conducted by plasma transglutaminase, Factor XIII-A as part of coagulation cascade. The possible presence and activity of FXIII-A in neutrophils or during NETosis is unknown. Here, we investigated potential presence of FXIII-A in neutrophils and participation in NET-fibrinogen interaction.

Is the Otolithic Function Affected in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome?

Background:  While cardiovascular and neurological diseases induced by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) hypoxia are well established, the association between neuro-otological diseases and OSAS is not entirely understood. Vestibular and audiological tests have been used to evaluate the degeneration of neurons in the brainstem caused by recurrent hypoxia.

Purpose:  Evaluation of the vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test findings applied to detect the possible influence on the vestibular reflex arc due to hypoxia in patients diagnosed with OSAS using Activity-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scales determination of scores.

The effect of gene dosage and age at the disease onset on the severity of familial Mediterranean fever.

Objective: To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients according to age at disease onset and evaluate the dose effect of the number of pathogenic or likely pathogenic exon 10 mutations of the MEFV gene on disease severity.

Methods: This medical record review study was performed on 485 pediatric FMF patients with uni- or biallelic exon 10 mutations of the MEFV gene (M694V, M694I, M680I, V726A, R761H, T267I). Patients were grouped according to age at disease onset (Group 1:<6 years; Group 2:6-11 years; and Group 3:>11 years).

Evaluation of infants administered prophylactic intravenous immunoglobulin following exposure to measles.

Introduction: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is an alternative for post-exposure prophylaxis if a vaccine is contraindicated and intramuscular immunoglobulin is unavailable. We retrospectively examined the effect of IVIG administration time on measles development in measles-contact infants younger than 6 months of age.

Methodology: Contact tracing of measles cases was performed by the Istanbul Public Health Directorate (IPHD) between August 24, 2012, and June 16, 2013.

[LORENZO'S OIL AND ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY EXAMINING AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOL INTENDED FOR CONDUCTING LITERATURE SEARCHES AND ANALYSES].

Adrenoleukodystrophy is a genetic metabolic disorder characterized by a heterogeneous phenotype. Its severe form, known as cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy, involves unpredictable cerebral damage and progressive central nervous system deterioration. This rare condition became famous because of a Hollywood movie in which the Italian parents of a child with the condition supposedly discovered a medication for treating the condition.

Are alarm symptoms of the Rome IV criteria enough to rule out organic pathology?

Background: The Rome IV criteria offer symptom-based recommendations for diagnosing functional gastrointestinal diseases (FGID) in children and adolescents without esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of Rome IV criteria for ruling out organic disease in patients with and without alarm symptoms.

Methods: Retrospective research was conducted on children and adolescents who had dyspepsia and underwent EGD.

Association between microenvironment-related genes and prognosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare lymphoid malignancy. Systemic profiling of the PCNSL tumor microenvironment (TME) was previously conducted through gene expression analysis. We investigated the prognostic impact of TME on survival to establish novel prognostic biomarkers in PCNSL patients.

Perception of Internalized Stigma in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Investigating the Effects of Depression, Anxiety, and Family Functioning.

Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts communication, behavior, and social interaction. It is well-documented that parents of children with ASD often experience psychiatric conditions like anxiety and depression. Nevertheless, research on the perception of internalized stigma, family functioning, and their interconnections is scarce.